ASTM F2417-09
(Specification)Standard Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
Standard Specification for Fire Safety for Candles
SCOPE
1.1 This specification is intended to prescribe minimum safety requirements for candles to provide a reasonable degree of safety for normal use with candles, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppression systems, and use of candles away from combustible materials.
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a potential hazard to the user. This specification cannot eliminate all hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles to the user.
1.4 This specification is used to measure and describe the response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 This specification states values in SI units which are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for information only.
1.6 This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory requirements prior to use.
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Designation: F2417 – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Fire Safety for Candles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope E136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical
Tube Furnace at 750°C
1.1 This specification is intended to prescribe minimum
E176 Terminology of Fire Standards
safety requirements for candles to provide a reasonable degree
F400 Consumer Safety Specification for Lighters
of safety for normal use with candles, thereby improving
F1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and
personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
Associated Accessory Items
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other
3
2.2 NFPA Standard:
important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppres-
sion systems, and use of candles away from combustible
3. Terminology
materials.
3.1 Certain candle-related terminology is addressed in
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a
Guide F1972, and the reader is directed to that guide for
potential hazard to the user.This specification cannot eliminate
definitions not found in 3.2. For definitions of terms associated
all hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles
with fire issues, see Terminology E176.
to the user.
3.2 Definitions:
1.4 This specification is used to measure and describe the
3.2.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged,
response of materials, products, or assemblies to heat and
and labeled as an altar candle.
flame under controlled conditions, but does not by itself
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The candle is used in a place of wor-
incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk
ship in close proximity to the altar during the religious service
assessment of the materials, products, or assemblies under
or ceremony.
actual fire conditions.
3.2.2 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle
1.5 This specification states values in SI units which are to
flame.
beregardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesisare
3.2.3 birthday candle, n—candle whose sole purpose is to
for information only.
be used on a birthday cake.
1.6 This specification does not purport to address all of the
3.2.4 candle flashover, n—condition where the base mate-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
rial’s vapors ignite over the entire fuel pool.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.2.5 Easter, Paschal, sacramental candle, n—candlethatis
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
constructed, packaged, and labeled as an Easter, Paschal, or
bility of regulatory requirements prior to use.
sacramental candle (or some combination of these names, for
2. Referenced Documents example, Easter/Paschal), generally 43.2 cm (17.0 in.) or more
2
in length.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.5.1 Discussion—The candle shall be displayed and
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland
burnedintheplaceofworshipasthefocalcandleduringEaster
Open Cup Tester
or with the celebration of various sacraments. The candle is
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens
adorned with symbols and ornamentation as required and
Closed Cup Tester
deemed appropriate.
3.2.6 end of useful life, n—when the candle ceases to
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F15 on
support combustion and the candle flame(s) goes(go) out on its
Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on
own, as designed, and cannot be re-lit.
Candle Products.
3.2.7 ensemble, n—a candle and items physically packaged
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2009.PublishedJuly2009.Originallyapproved
in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as F2417 – 04. DOI: 10.1520/ together and intended for use with the candle for sale as one
F2417-09.
unit at the retail level.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch
the ASTM website. Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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F2417 – 09
3.2.8 fuel pool, n—pool of molten base material. testing period the flame hei
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:F2417–04 Designation: F 2417 – 09
Standard Specification for
1
Fire Safety for Candles
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F 2417; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thisspecificationisintendedtoprescribeminimumsafetyrequirementsforcandlestoprovideareasonabledegreeofsafety
for normal use with candles, thereby improving personal safety and reducing fires, deaths, and injuries.
1.2 This specification is not intended to replace other important safety practices that should be in place, such as adult
supervision, close monitoring, fire detection, alarm or suppression systems, and use of candles away from combustible materials.
1.3The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a potential hazard to the user. This specification cannot eliminate all
hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles to the user.
1.5
1.3 Flame-producing devices, such as candles, present a potential hazard to the user. This specification cannot eliminate all
hazards, but will minimize the potential hazards of candles to the user.
1.4 Thisspecificationisusedtomeasureanddescribetheresponseofmaterials,products,orassembliestoheatandflameunder
controlled conditions, but does not by itself incorporate all factors required for fire hazard or fire risk assessment of the materials,
products, or assemblies under actual fire conditions.
1.5 This specification states values in SI units which are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parenthesis are for
information only.
1.6 This specification does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
requirements prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards: ASTM Standards:
D92 Test Method for Flash and Fire Points by Cleveland Open Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
E 136 Test Method for Behavior of Materials in a Vertical Tube Furnace at 750C
E 176 Terminology of Fire Standards
F 400 Consumer Safety Specification for Lighters
F 1972 Guide for Terminology Relating to Candles and Associated Accessory Items
3
2.2 NFPA Standard:
NFPA 909 Code for the Protection of Cultural Resources
3. Terminology
3.1 Certain candle-related terminology is addressed in Guide F 1972, and the reader is directed to that guide for definitions not
found in 3.2. For definitions of terms associated with fire issues, see Terminology E 176.
3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 altar candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an altar candle.
3.2.1.1 Discussion—The candle is used in a place of worship in close proximity to the altar during the religious service or
ceremony.
3.2.2 base material, n—intended fuel source for candle flame.
3.2.3 birthday candle, n—candle whose sole purpose is to be used on a birthday cake.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee F15 on Consumer Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F15.45 on Candle Products.
Current edition approved Aug.June 1, 2004.2009. Published August 2004.July 2009. Originally approved in 2002. Last previous edition approved in 20022004 as
PS59–02.F 2417 – 04.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Available from National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02269-9101.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
F2417–09
3.2.4 candle flashover, n—condition where the base material’s vapors ignite over the entire fuel pool.
3.2.5 Easter, Paschal, sacramental candle, n—candle that is constructed, packaged, and labeled as an Easter, Paschal, or
sacramental candle (or some combination of these names, for example, Easter/Paschal), generally 43.2 cm (17.0 in.) or more i
...
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