ASTM E831-03

Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers determination of linear thermal expansion of solid materials using thermomechanical analysis techniques. Related information can be found in Refs. (1-12).
1.2 This test method is applicable to solid materials that exhibit sufficient rigidity over the test temperature range such that the sensing probe does not produce indentation of the specimen.
1.3 The recommended lower limit of coefficient of linear thermal expansion measured with this test method is 5 μm/(m·°C). The test method may be used at lower (or negative) expansion levels with decreased accuracy and precision (see Section 11).
1.4 This test method is applicable to the temperature range from -120 to 600°C. The temperature range may be extended depending upon the instrumentation and calibration materials used.
1.5 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques, or data treatment equivalent to this test method may also be used.
Note 1—Users of this test method are expressly advised that all such instruments or techniques may not be equivalent. It is the responsibility of the user to determine the necessary equivalency prior to use.
1.6 SI values are the standard.
1.7 This test method is related to ISO 11359-2 but is significantly different in technical detail.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Sep-2003
• ICS: 19.060 - Mechanical testing
• Technical Committee: E37 - Thermal Measurements
• Drafting Committee: E37.10 - Fundamental, Statistical and Mechanical Properties

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM E831-00 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Replaced By: ASTM E831-05 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by Thermomechanical Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-May-2005
• Referred By: ASTM D4101-17e1 - Standard Classification System and Basis for Specification for Polypropylene Injection and Extrusion Materials
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM F3319-20 - Standard Specification for Selection and Application of Field-Installed Cryogenic Pipe and Equipment Insulation Systems on Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)-Fueled Ships
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E289-17 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Rigid Solids with Interferometry
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E2206-21 - Standard Test Method for Force Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D6341-21 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Linear Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Plastic Lumber and Plastic Lumber Shapes Between –30 and 140°F (–34.4 and 60°C)
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D696-16 - Standard Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Expansion of Plastics Between −30°C and 30°C with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM D3841-21 - Standard Specification for Glass-Fiber-Reinforced Polyester Plastic Panels
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E2113-23 - Standard Test Method for Length Change Calibration of Thermomechanical Analyzers
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM E228-22 - Standard Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials With a Push-Rod Dilatometer
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003
• Referred By: ASTM C1470-20 - Standard Guide for Testing the Thermal Properties of Advanced Ceramics
• Effective Date: 10-Sep-2003

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E831–03
Standard Test Method for
Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid Materials by
1
Thermomechanical Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E831; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope pansion of Plastics Between−30°C and 30°C
D3386 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal
1.1 This test method covers determination of linear thermal
4
Expansion of Electrical Insulating Materials
expansion of solid materials using thermomechanical analysis
2 E228 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Solid
techniques. Related information can be found in Refs. (1-12) .
5
Materials with a Vitreous Silica Dilatometer
1.2 This test method is applicable to solid materials that
5
E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis
exhibit sufficient rigidity over the test temperature range such
E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Proper-
that the sensing probe does not produce indentation of the
5
ties
specimen.
E1363 Test Method for Temperature Calibration of Ther-
1.3 The recommended lower limit of coefficient of linear
5
momechanical Analyzers
thermal expansion measured with this test method is 5 µm/
E2113 Test Method for Length Change Calibration of
(m·°C). The test method may be used at lower (or negative)
5
Thermomechanical Analyzers
expansion levels with decreased accuracy and precision (see
6
2.2 ISO Standards:
Section 11).
ISO 11359-2 Plastics—Thermomechanical Analysis
1.4 This test method is applicable to the temperature range
(TMA)—Part 2: Determination of Coefficient of Linear
from −120 to 600°C. The temperature range may be extended
Thermal Expansion and Glass Transition Temperature
depending upon the instrumentation and calibration materials
used.
3. Terminology
1.5 Computer or electronic based instruments, techniques,
3.1 Definitions—Thermal analysis terms in Terminologies
or data treatment equivalent to this test method may also be
E473 and E1142 shall apply to this test method.
used.
4. Summary of Test Method
NOTE 1—Users of this test method are expressly advised that all such
instrumentsortechniquesmaynotbeequivalent.Itistheresponsibilityof
4.1 This test method uses a thermomechanical analyzer or
the user to determine the necessary equivalency prior to use.
similar device to determine the linear thermal expansion of
1.6 SI values are the standard.
solid materials when subjected to a constant heating rate.
1.7 This test method is related to ISO 11359-2 but is
4.2 The change of the specimen length is electronically
significantly different in technical detail.
recorded as a function of temperature.The coefficient of linear
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
thermal expansion can be calculated from these recorded data.
safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.1 Coefficients of linear thermal expansion are used, for
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
example, for design purposes and to determine if failure by
thermal stress may occur when a solid body composed of two
2. Referenced Documents
different materials is subjected to temperature variations.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.2 This test method is comparable to Test Method D3386
D696 Test Method for Coefficient of Linear Thermal Ex-
for testing electrical insulation materials, but it covers a more
general group of solid materials and it defines test conditions
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeE37onThermal
Measurements and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee E37.01 on Test
3
Methods and Recommended Practices. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 08.01.
4
Current edition approved Sept. 10, 2003. Published September 2003. Originally Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.02.
5
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 2000 as E831–00. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
2 6
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof AvailablefromtheAmericanNationalStandardsInstitute,11W.42ndSt.,13th
this standard. Floor, New York, NY 10036.
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E831–03
may be used, but will result in increased imprecision.
more specifically. This test method uses a smaller specimen
than Test Methods E228 and D696.
7.2 The specimens are ordinarily measured as received.
Where some heat or mechanical treatment
...