ASTM D5062-09(2020)

Standard Test Method for Resin Solution Dilutability by Volumetric/Gravimetric Determination

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides a means for resin producers and users as well as solvent and varnish manufacturers to rate various types of resins for solubility by assigning a numerical dilutability value. This percent dilutability value can be used to differentiate resin types for end users and can be utilized as a quality control tool by resin manufacturers.  
5.2 When running a series of these tests, the same lot or batch of dilution solvent must be used throughout to ensure reproducible results.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers both volumetric and gravimetric determination of resin solution dilutability which gives a numerical value for the overall solubility of the resin expressed as percent dilutability.  
1.2 This test method is applicable only if the test solution is of sufficient clarity to allow accurate visual judgement of the end point and of low enough viscosity for efficient mixing to take place.  
1.3 This test method is primarily for, but not limited to, resins used in the printing ink industry.  
1.4 The percent solvent tolerance of a resin can be determined using this test method if the solvent in the resin solution and the dilution solvent are the same.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2020
• ICS: 87.060.20 - Binders
• Technical Committee: D01 - Paint and Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
• Drafting Committee: D01.37 - Ink Vehicles

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5062-09(2017) - Standard Test Method for Resin Solution Dilutability by Volumetric/Gravimetric Determination
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2020
• Refers: ASTM D1725-12(2019) - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2019
• Refers: ASTM E1-13 - Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM D1725-12 - Standard Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2012
• Refers: ASTM E1-07 - Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2007
• Refers: ASTM E1-05 - Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2005
• Refers: ASTM D1725-04 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Resin Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2004
• Refers: ASTM E1-03a - Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2003
• Refers: ASTM E1-03 - Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• Effective Date: 10-May-2003
• Refers: ASTM E1-01 - Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Refers: ASTM E1-98e1 - Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Refers: ASTM E1-98 - Standard Specification for ASTM Thermometers
• Effective Date: 10-Oct-2001
• Refers: ASTM D1725-62(1996)e1 - Standard Test Method for Viscosity of Resin Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Jan-1996
• Referred By: ASTM D5958-99(2020) - Standard Practices for Preparation of Oil-Based Ink Resin Solutions
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2020

Overview

ASTM D5062-09(2020), "Standard Test Method for Resin Solution Dilutability by Volumetric/Gravimetric Determination," is an internationally recognized standard developed by ASTM International. This test method establishes procedures for determining the dilutability of resin solutions using both volumetric and gravimetric techniques. The resulting percent dilutability value is a key parameter for assessing the solubility characteristics of resins, particularly those used in the printing ink industry. This standard serves an essential role for resin producers, end users, solvent manufacturers, and varnish suppliers by providing a reliable means to compare, differentiate, and control the quality of various resin types.

Key Topics

• Dilutability Determination:
  The test method defines how to assign a quantitative value to the amount of solvent a resin solution can tolerate before reaching the threshold of precipitation or loss of clarity. This measurement is expressed as percent dilutability.

• Testing Procedure:
  The procedure involves preparing a resin solution, accurately weighing the components, and adding dilution solvent incrementally. The endpoint is visually determined using a standard print sheet when cloudiness (the "cloud point") obscures the print when viewed through the solution. Measurements are made gravimetrically or volumetrically.

• Clarity and Viscosity Requirements:
  The standard is applicable only to resin solutions with sufficient clarity for visual endpoint detection and low enough viscosity for effective mixing.

• Solvent Consistency:
  For reproducible results, the standard emphasizes the importance of using the same batch of dilution solvent throughout a series of tests.

• Solvent Tolerance:
  The method can also determine the solvent tolerance of a resin, as long as the same type of solvent is used in both the initial solution and the dilution step.

• Quality Control:
  Using percent dilutability as a metric allows for consistent and objective quality control in resin production and procurement.

• Reporting Requirements:
  Results should include clear identification of resins and solvents used, preparation methods, percent solids, dilutability values, and test conditions.

Applications

• Printing Ink Industry:
  The primary application for ASTM D5062-09(2020) is the evaluation of resins used in printing inks. Resin solubility directly impacts ink formulation, stability, and performance.

• Resin Manufacturing:
  Producers use the standard to monitor and document the quality and consistency of resin batches, supporting quality assurance and product development.

• Solvent Selection:
  Solvent and varnish manufacturers benefit from the test by assessing compatibility and determining optimal blends for dissolving specific resins.

• Product Differentiation:
  Both producers and users can use the numeric values generated by this standard to compare and differentiate between types of resins for various applications, contributing to informed purchasing and technical decision-making.

• Regulatory Compliance:
  By following a recognized ASTM standard, stakeholders can demonstrate adherence to global best practices and principles of international trade, as outlined by the WTO Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Related Standards

• ASTM D1725: Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity Measurement by Bubble Time Method
  Provides guidelines for preparing resin solutions, often referenced in the context of resin solubility and viscosity evaluation.

• ASTM E1: Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
  Establishes requirements for thermometers used in temperature-controlled test environments, such as those specified in the dilutability test method.

In summary, ASTM D5062-09(2020) provides a fundamental, repeatable process for determining resin solution dilutability, offering significant value for manufacturers, formulators, and users seeking accurate, comparable assessments of resin solubility, particularly in the context of ink and coatings industries.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5062 − 09 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
Resin Solution Dilutability by Volumetric/Gravimetric
Determination
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5062; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D1725 Practice for Preparing Resin Solutions for Viscosity
Measurement by Bubble Time Method
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversbothvolumetricandgravimetric
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
determination of resin solution dilutability which gives a
numerical value for the overall solubility of the resin expressed
3. Terminology
as percent dilutability.
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.2 This test method is applicable only if the test solution is
3.1.1 resin solution dilutability, n—the maximum amount of
of sufficient clarity to allow accurate visual judgement of the
diluent tolerated to reach a defined degree of turbidity; beyond
end point and of low enough viscosity for efficient mixing to
this point, resin precipitation will occur.
take place.
4. Summary of Test Method
1.3 This test method is primarily for, but not limited to,
resins used in the printing ink industry.
4.1 Asampleofresinsolutionisweighedintoaglassbeaker
that is placed over a piece of 10 point print (standard
1.4 The percent solvent tolerance of a resin can be deter-
newspaper print).
mined using this test method if the solvent in the resin solution
and the dilution solvent are the same.
4.2 The dilution solvent is added slowly from a buret until
the newsprint can no longer be read (cloud point) when viewed
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
from the top of the beaker.
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
standard.
4.3 The solvent dilutability is calculated by weight, or
volume.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5. Significance and Use
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
5.1 This test method provides a means for resin producers
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and users as well as solvent and varnish manufacturers to rate
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
various types of resins for solubility by assigning a numerical
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
dilutability value.This percent dilutability value can be used to
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
differentiate resin types for end users and can be utilized as a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
quality control tool by resin manufacturers.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
5.2 When running a series of these tests, the same lot or
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
batch of dilution solvent must be used throughout to ensure
reproducible results.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards: 6. Apparatus
6.1 Glass Beakers, 150-mL (51-mm diameter, 79-mm
height) and 250-mL (65-mm diameter, 90-mm height).
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D01 on Paint
and Related Coatings, Materials, andApplications and is the direct responsibility of
6.2 Graduated Buret, 50 mL.
Subcommittee D01.37 on Ink Vehicles.
CurrenteditionapprovedJune1,2020.PublishedJuly2020.Originallyapproved 6.3 Constant Temperature Water Bath at 25°C.
in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2017 as D5062 – 09 (2017). DOI:
6.4 Thermometer, 0 to 40°C range with subdivisions of
10.1520/D5062-09R20.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 0.5°C conforming to Specification E1.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
6.5 Magnetic Stirring Bar and Stirring Plate or Stirring
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. Rod.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5062 − 09 (2020)
6.6 Sheet of Newsprint, with 10-point (Note 1), No. 31 bath. If the sample has started to form a haze it should not be
old-style type, lower case letters 1.5-mm high with normal returned to the water bath.
spacing, upper and lower case with no italicized or bold letters.
8.8 Observe the 10-point print from the top of the beaker
looking through the solution.
NOTE 1—The term point is derived from the American Point System.
72 points=1in.
8.9 If the resin solution begins to cloud, add solvent slowly
one drop at a time while continuing to mix. Do not return the
7. Reagents and Materials
sample to the water bath at this point. If more than 100 g is
7.1 Resin Solution—Aresin solution prepared in such a way
required for the solution to begin to cloud, repeat the test
as to provide an accurate percent solids and to have sufficient
beginning at 8.4 using a 250-mL glass beaker.
clarity to allow accurate visual judgment of the cloud point.
8.10 Iftheresinsolutionbeginstocloud,addsolventslowly
The solution must also have low enough viscosity at 25°C to
one drop at a time while continuing to mix. Do not return the
allow efficient mixing during the addition of the dilution
sample to the water bath at this point. If more than 200 g is
solvent.
required, the resin solution can be considered infinitely soluble
...