ASTM D4896-01

Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results

SCOPE
1.1 This guide is directed toward the safe and appropriate use of strength values obtained from test methods using single-lap adhesive joint specimens.
1.2 The discussion focuses on shear strength as measured with small thin-adherend, single-lap specimens. Many factors, however, apply to shear modulus, tensile strength, and tensile modulus measured by small laboratory specimens in general. This discussion is limited to single-lap specimens and shear strength only for simplification.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Mar-2001
• ICS: 83.180 - Adhesives
• Technical Committee: D14 - Adhesives
• Drafting Committee: D14.80 - Metal Bonding Adhesives

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D4896-95 - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM D4896-01(2008)e1 - Standard Guide for Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test Results
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2008
• Referred By: ASTM D3164-03(2017) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5574-94(2021) - Standard Test Methods for Establishing Allowable Mechanical Properties of Wood-Bonding Adhesives for Design of Structural Joints
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1862-17 - Standard Test Method for the Nominal Joint Strength of End-Plug Joints in Advanced Ceramic Tubes at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D2557-98(2017) - Standard Test Method for Tensile-Shear Strength of Adhesives in the Subzero Temperature Range from −267.8 to −55°C (−450 to −67°F)
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5868-01(2023) - Standard Test Method for Lap Shear Adhesion for Fiber Reinforced Plastic (FRP) Bonding
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D5656-10(2017) - Standard Test Method for Thick-Adherend Metal Lap-Shear Joints for Determination of the Stress-Strain Behavior of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D7616/D7616M-11(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining Apparent Overlap Splice Shear Strength Properties of Wet Lay-Up Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites Used for Strengthening Civil Structures
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3165-07(2023) - Standard Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in Shear by Tension Loading of Single-Lap-Joint Laminated Assemblies
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D3163-01(2023) - Standard Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhesively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by Tension Loading
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D1002-10(2019) - Standard Test Method for Apparent Shear Strength of Single-Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
• Effective Date: 10-Mar-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D4896–01
Standard Guide for
Use of Adhesive-Bonded Single Lap-Joint Specimen Test
1
Results
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 4896; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
INTRODUCTION
The true strength of an adhesive is a material property independent of the joint geometry, adherend
properties,andload,andisagoodstartingpointfordetermininganallowabledesignstress.Allowable
stresses in shear and tension are needed to design safe, efficient, adhesively bonded joints and
structures. The true shear strength, however, cannot be easily determined using single-lap specimens.
Many factors affect the apparent shear strength of an adhesive when measured with a small
laboratoryspecimen,andinparticular,withasingle-lapspecimen.Forexample,thefailureofatypical
single-lap specimen, is usually controlled by the tensile stress in the adhesive, and not by the shear
stress. The factors that control the tensile stress in lap-joint specimen, and thus, the apparent shear
strength are the size and shape of the specimen, the properties of the adherends, the presence of
internal stresses or flaws, and the changes that take place in the specimen due to adhesive cure and the
environment.Similarlythesefactorsaffecttheapparenttensilestrengthofanadhesiveinbutt-jointtest
specimens.
Due to the effects of these factors, the apparent shear strength obtained through measurements on
small laboratory specimens may vary widely from the true shear- or tensile-strength values needed to
determine allowable shear and tension design stresses.
The objectives of this guide are: to develop an appreciation of the factors that influence strength and
other stress measurements that are made with small laboratory test specimens; to foster the acceptable
uses of the widely used thin-adherend single-lap-joint test; and, specifically, to prevent misuse of the
test results.
1. Scope D 906 Test Method for Strength Properties of Adhesives in
2
Plywood Type Construction in Shear by Tension Loading
1.1 This guide is directed toward the safe and appropriate
2
D 907 Terminology of Adhesives
use of strength values obtained from test methods using
D 1002 Test Method forApparent Shear Strength of Single-
single-lap adhesive joint specimens.
Lap-Joint Adhesively Bonded Metal Specimens by Ten-
1.2 The discussion focuses on shear strength as measured
2
sion Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
with small thin-adherend, single-lap specimens. Many factors,
D 1144 Practice for Determining Strength Development of
however, apply to shear modulus, tensile strength, and tensile
2
Adhesive Bonds
modulus measured by small laboratory specimens in general.
D 1151 TestMethodforEffectofMoistureandTemperature
This discussion is limited to single-lap specimens and shear
2
on Adhesive Bonds
strength only for simplification.
D 1183 Test Methods for Resistance ofAdhesives to Cyclic
2
2. Referenced Documents
Laboratory Aging Conditions
D 1780 Practice for Conducting Creep Tests of Metal-to-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
2
Metal Adhesives
D 896 Test Method for Resistance of Adhesive Bonds to
2
D 2294 Test Method for Creep Properties of Adhesives in
Chemical Reagents
2
Shear by Tension Loading (Metal-to-Metal)
D 2295 TestMethodforStrengthPropertiesofAdhesivesin
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD14onAdhesivesand
Shear by Tension Loading at Elevated Temperatures
is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D14.80 on Metal Bonding Adhesives. 2
(Metal-to-Metal)
Current edition approved March 10, 2001. Published May 2001. Originally
D 2339 TestMethodforStrengthPropertiesofAdhesivesin
published as D 4896 – 89. Last previous edition D 4896 – 95.
2
2
Two-PlyWoodConstructioninShearbyTensionLoading
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 15.06.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D4896
D 2919 Test Method for Determining Durability of Adhe- 3.5 stress—the intensity at a point in a body of the internal
2
sive Joints Stressed in Shear by Tension Loading forces or components of force that act on a given plane through
D 3163 Test Method for Determining Strength of Adhe- the point. Stress is expressed as force per unit of area
sively Bonded Rigid Plastic Lap-Shear Joints in Shear by (pounds-force per square inch, newtons per square millimetre,
2
Tension Loading etc.).
D 3164 Test Method for Determining the Strength of Ad-
NOTE 1—As used in tension, compression, or shear tests prescribed in
hesively Bonded Plastic Lap-Shear Sandwich Joints i
...