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ASTM D5707-05

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method can be used to determine wear properties and coefficient of friction of lubricating greases at selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present for extended periods of time under initial high Hertzian point contact pressures. This test method has found application in qualifying lubricating greases used in constant velocity joints of front-wheel-drive automobiles and for lubricating greases used in roller bearings. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining a lubricating grease's coefficient of friction and its ability to protect against wear when subjected to high-frequency, linear-oscillation motion using an SRV test machine at a test load of 200 N, frequency of 50 Hz, stroke amplitude of 1.00 mm, duration of 2 h, and temperature within the range of the test machine, specifically, ambient to 280C. Other test loads (10 to 1200 N for SRVI-model, 10 to 1400 N for SRVII-model, and 10 to 2000 N for SRVIII-model), frequencies (5 to 500 Hz) and stroke amplitudes (0.1 up to 4.0 mm) can be used, if specified. The precision of this test method is based on the stated parameters and test temperatures of 50 and 80C. Average wear scar dimensions on ball and coefficient of friction are determined and reported.
Optimol Instruments supplies an upgrade kit to allow SRVI/II-machines to operate with 1600 N, if needed.
1.2 This test method can also be used for determining a fluid lubricant's ability to protect against wear and its coefficient of friction under similar test conditions.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
31-Oct-2005
ICS
75.100 - Lubricants, industrial oils and related products
Technical Committee
D02 - Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
Drafting Committee
D02.G0.04 - Functional Tests - Tribology
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM D5707-98(2003)e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Replaced By
ASTM D5707-05(2011)e1 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Effective Date
01-Jul-2011
Referred By
ASTM D8324-21 - Standard Guide for Selection of Environmentally Acceptable Lubricants for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Vessel General Permit
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D7755-11(2022) - Standard Practice for Determining the Wear Volume on Standard Test Pieces Used by High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005
Referred By
ASTM D6185-11(2017) - Standard Practice for Evaluating Compatibility of Binary Mixtures of Lubricating Greases
Effective Date
01-Nov-2005

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ASTM D5707-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test MachineASTM D5707-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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ASTM D5707-05 - Standard Test Method for Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D5707–05
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Friction and Wear Properties of Lubricating
Grease Using a High-Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV)
1
Test Machine
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5707; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope A295/A295M Specification for High-Carbon Anti-Friction
Bearing Steel
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining a
D217 Test Methods for Cone Penetration of Lubricating
lubricating grease’s coefficient of friction and its ability to
Grease
protect against wear when subjected to high-frequency, linear-
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum, Petroleum
oscillation motion using an SRV test machine at a test load of
Products, and Lubricants
200 N, frequency of 50 Hz, stroke amplitude of 1.00 mm,
D5706 Test Method for Determining Extreme Pressure
duration of 2 h, and temperature within the range of the test
Properties of Lubricating Greases Using a High-
machine,specifically,ambientto280°C.Othertestloads(10to
Frequency, Linear-Oscillation (SRV) Test Machine
1200 N for SRVI-model, 10 to 1400 N for SRVII-model, and
D6425 Test Method for Measuring Friction andWear Prop-
10to2000NforSRVIII-model),frequencies(5to500Hz)and
erties of Extreme Pressure (EP) Lubricating Oils Using
stroke amplitudes (0.1 up to 4.0 mm) can be used, if specified.
SRV Test Machine
The precision of this test method is based on the stated
E45 TestMethodsforDeterminingtheInclusionContentof
parametersandtesttemperaturesof50and80°C.Averagewear
Steel
scar dimensions on ball and coefficient of friction are deter-
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
mined and reported.
3
2.2 Other Standards:
NOTE 1—Optimol Instruments supplies an upgrade kit to allow SRVI/
DIN EN ISO 683-17 Heat-treated Steels, alloy steels and
II-machines to operate with 1600 N, if needed.
free-cuttingsteels–Part17:Ballandrollerbearingsteels
1.2 Thistestmethodcanalsobeusedfordeterminingafluid
DIN 51834 , Part 3
lubricant’s ability to protect against wear and its coefficient of
DIN EN ISO 13565-2:1998 Geometrical Product Specifica-
friction under similar test conditions.
tions (GPS) – Surface texture: Profile method; Surfaces
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
having stratified functional properties – Part 2: Height
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
characterizationusinglinearmaterialratiocurve(replaces
standard.
DIN 4776:1990: Measurement of surface roughness; pa-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
rametersR ,R ,R ,M ,M forthedescriptionofthe
K PK VK r1 r2
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
material portion)
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3. Terminology
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 break-in, n—in tribology, an initial transition process
2. Referenced Documents
occurring in newly established wearing contacts, often accom-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
panied by transients in coefficient of friction or wear rate, or
both, which are uncharacteristic of the given tribological
system’s long-term behavior. G40
1 3.1.2 coeffıcient of friction, n— in tribology,thedimension-
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
less ratio of the friction force (F) between two bodies to the
PetroleumProductsandLubricantsandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommittee
D02.G0.04 on Functional Tests - Tribology.
normal force (N) pressing these bodies together. G40
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published January 2006. Originally
3.1.3 Hertzian contact area, n—theapparentareaofcontact
´1
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D5707–98(2003) .
between two nonconforming solid bodies pressed against each
DOI: 10.1520/D5707-05.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Available from Beuth Verlag GmbH, Burggrafenstrasse 6, D-10787 Berlin 30,
the ASTM website. Germany.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D5707–05
other, as calculated from Hertz’s equations of elastic deforma- 3.2.1 seizure, n—localized fusion of metal between the
tion. G40 rubbing surfaces of the test pieces.
3.1.4 Hertzian contact pressure, n—the magnitu
...

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5.1 The low-temperature, low-shear-rate viscosity of automatic transmission fluids, gear oils, torque and tractor fluids, and industrial and automotive hydraulic oils (see Appendix X4) are of considerable importance to the proper operation of many mechanical devices. Measurement of the viscometric properties of these oils and fluids at low temperatures is often used to specify their acceptance for service. This test method is used in a number of specifications.  
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5.1 This test method can be used to determine wear properties and coefficient of friction of lubricating greases at selected temperatures and loads specified for use in applications where high-speed vibrational or start-stop motions are present for extended periods of time under initial high Hertzian point contact pressures. This test method has found application in qualifying lubricating greases used in constant velocity joints of front-wheel-drive automobiles and for lubricating greases used in roller bearings. Users of this test method should determine whether results correlate with field performance or other applications.
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1.3 Spectra and distribution profiles presented herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not to be construed as representing or establishing lubricant or machinery guidelines.  
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of t...

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1.1 This test method covers quantitative procedures for the evaluation of the compatibility of automotive engine oils with several reference elastomers typical of those used in the sealing materials in contact with these oils. Compatibility is evaluated by determining the changes in volume, Durometer A hardness, and tensile properties when the elastomer specimens are immersed in the oil for a specified time and temperature.  
1.2 Effective sealing action requires that the physical properties of elastomers used for any seal have a high level of resistance to the liquid or oil in which they are immersed. When such a high level of resistance exists, the elastomer is said to be compatible with the liquid or oil.
Note 1: The user of this test method should be proficient in the use of Test Methods D412 (tensile properties), D471 (effect of rubber immersion in liquids), D2240 (Durometer hardness), and D5662 (gear oil compatibility with typical oil seal elastomers), all of which are involved in the execution of the operations of this test method.  
1.3 This test method provides a preliminary or first order evaluation of oil/elastomer compatibility only. Because seals might be subjected to static or dynamic loads, or both, and they can operate over a range of conditions, a complete evaluation of the potential sealing performance of any elastomer-oil combination in any service condition usually requires tests additional to those described in this test method.  
1.4 The several reference elastomer formulations specified in this test method were chosen to be representative of those used in both heavy-duty diesel engines (detailed in Annex A1) and passenger-car spark-ignition engines (the latter are covered in Annex A2). The procedures described in this test method can, however, also be used to evaluate the compatibility of automotive engine oils with different elastomer types/formulations or different test durations and temperatures to those employed in this test method.
Note 2: In such cases, the precision and bias statement in Section 12 does not apply. In addition to agreeing acceptable limits of precision, where relevant, the user and supplier should also agree:  (1) test temperatures and immersion times to be used; (2) the formulations and typical properties of the elastomers; and (3) the sourcing and quality control of the elastomer sheets.
Note 3: The TMC may also issue In...

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ASTM
ASTM D7918-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Measurement of Flow Properties and Evaluation of Wear, Contaminants, and Oxidative Properties of Lubricating Grease by Die Extrusion Method and Preparation

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Trending the wear, contamination, consistency, and oxidative properties of a lubricating grease is a crucial part of condition-monitoring programs. Changes in these properties or deviations from the new grease can be indicative of problems within the lubricated component, such as the mixing of incompatible thickener types, excessive wear or contaminant levels, or significant depletion of antioxidant levels. These test methods also makes it possible to develop trends that can be used to predict failures before they occur and allow for corrective action to be taken.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination and evaluation of flow properties, wear levels, contaminants, and oxidative condition of new and in-service lubricating grease.  
1.2 This test method provides guidance on evaluating in-service grease samples, NLGI grades 00 to 3, for wear, consistency, contamination, and oxidation.  
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.  
1.3.1 Exception—The exception to this will be where units of references were developed by the developers of the test equipment and necessary to report the results of the test.  
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM D7922-23(Test Method)
Standard Test Method for Determination of Glycol for In-Service Engine Oils by Gas Chromatography

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Some glycol/antifreeze dilution of in-service engine oil is normal under typical operating conditions. However, excessive glycol dilution can lead to decreased performance, premature wear, or sudden engine failure. This test method provides a means of quantifying the level of glycol based antifreeze dilution, allowing the user to take necessary action.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of glycol based antifreeze for in-service engine oil by derivative headspace/gas chromatography.  
1.2 Sample is derivatized in-situ directly in a headspace sampling vial prior to vapor phase extraction and injection into a gas chromatograph.  
1.3 The chemistry of the derivatization is unique to the detection of the molecules of ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol. 1,3-propylene glycol could also be detected but is not used in any known anti-freeze at this time. Other coolant analyses are beyond the scope of this test method.  
1.4 The derivatization process does not affect glycol breakdown products such as glycolate and formate and hence the presence of these compounds in the oil will not be quantified.  
1.5 The test method concentration range is from 50 µg/g to 1000 µg/g. Lower levels are possible by method modifications. Higher levels are possible through sample dilution.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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