ASTM C127-01

Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate

SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the average density of a quantity of coarse aggregate particles (not including the volume of voids between the particles), the relative density (specific gravity), and the absorption of the coarse aggregate. Depending on the procedure used, the density (kg/m3 (lb/ft3)) is expressed as oven-dry (OD), saturated-surface-dry (SSD), or as apparent density. Likewise, relative density (specific gravity), a dimensionless quantity, is expressed as OD, SSD, or as apparent relative density (apparent specific gravity). The OD density and OD relative density are determined after drying the aggregate. The SSD density, SSD relative density, and absorption are determined after soaking the aggregate in water for a prescribed duration.
1.2 This test method is used to determine the density of the essentially solid portion of a large number of aggregate particles and provides an average value representing the sample. Distinction is made between the density of aggregate particles as determined by this test method, and the bulk density of aggregates as determined by Test Method C 29/C 29M, which includes the volume of voids between the particles of aggregates.
1.3 This test method is not intended to be used with lightweight aggregates.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard for conducting the tests. The test results for density shall be reported in either SI units or inch-pound units, as appropriate for the use to be made of the results.
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this test method.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Aug-2001
• ICS: 91.100.30 - Concrete and concrete products
• Technical Committee: C09 - Concrete and Concrete Aggregates
• Drafting Committee: C09.20 - Aggregates

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C127-88(2001) - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Replaced By: ASTM C127-04 - Standard Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2004
• Referred By: ASTM D6473-15 - Standard Test Method For Specific Gravity And Absorption of Rock For Erosion Control
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1800/C1800M-16 - Standard Test Method for Determining Density of Roller-Compacted Concrete Specimens Using the Gyratory Compactor
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6995-21 - Standard Test Method for Determining Field VMA Based on the Maximum Specific Gravity of an Asphalt Mixture (G<inf>mm</inf>)
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4914/D4914M-16 - Standard Test Methods for Density of Soil and Rock in Place by the Sand Replacement Method in a Test Pit
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D4718/D4718M-15(2023) - Standard Practice for Correction of Unit Weight and Water Content for Soils Containing Oversize Particles
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6270-20 - Standard Practice for Use of Scrap Tires in Civil Engineering Applications
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C637-20 - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Radiation-Shielding Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM D6932/D6932M-21 - Standard Guide for Materials and Construction of Open-Graded Friction Course Plant Asphalt Mixtures
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C404-18 - Standard Specification for Aggregates for Masonry Grout
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C566-19 - Standard Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content of Aggregate by Drying
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C192/C192M-19 - Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C1610/C1610M-21 - Standard Test Method for Static Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using Column Technique
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001
• Referred By: ASTM C330/C330M-23 - Standard Specification for Lightweight Aggregates for Structural Concrete
• Effective Date: 10-Aug-2001

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C 127 – 01
Standard Test Method for
Density, Relative Density (Specific Gravity), and Absorption
1
of Coarse Aggregate
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 127; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope * 1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the average
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
density of a quantity of coarse aggregate particles (not includ-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
ing the volume of voids between the particles), the relative
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
density (specific gravity), and the absorption of the coarse
aggregate. Depending on the procedure used, the density
2. Referenced Documents
3 3
(kg/m (lb/ft )) is expressed as oven-dry (OD), saturated-
2.1 ASTM Standards:
surface-dry (SSD), or as apparent density. Likewise, relative
C 29/C 29M Test Method for Bulk Density (“Unit Weight”)
density (specific gravity), a dimensionless quantity, is ex-
2
and Voids in Aggregate
pressed as OD, SSD, or as apparent relative density (apparent
C 125 Terminology Relating to Concrete and Concrete
specific gravity). The OD density and OD relative density are
2
Aggregates
determined after drying the aggregate. The SSD density, SSD
C 128 Test Method for Density, Relative Density (Specific
relative density, and absorption are determined after soaking
2
Gravity), and Absorption of Fine Aggregate
the aggregate in water for a prescribed duration.
C 136 Test Method for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse
1.2 This test method is used to determine the density of the
2
Aggregates
essentially solid portion of a large number of aggregate
C 566 Test Method for Total Evaporable Moisture Content
particles and provides an average value representing the
2
of Aggregate by Drying
sample. Distinction is made between the density of aggregate
C 670 Practice for Preparing Precision and Bias Statements
particles as determined by this test method, and the bulk
2
for Test Methods for Construction Materials
density of aggregates as determined by Test Method C 29/
C 702 Practice for Reducing Samples of Aggregate to
C 29M, which includes the volume of voids between the
2
Testing Size
particles of aggregates.
3
D 75 Practice for Sampling Aggregates
1.3 This test method is not intended to be used with
D 448 Classification for Sizes of Aggregate for Road and
lightweight aggregates.
3
Bridge Construction
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
E 11 Specification for Wire Cloth and Sieves for Testing
standard for conducting the tests. The test results for density
4
Purposes
shall be reported in either SI units or inch-pound units, as
2.2 AASHTO Standard:
appropriate for the use to be made of the results.
AASHTO No. T 85 Specific Gravity and Absorption of
1.5 The text of this test method references notes and
5
Coarse Aggregate
footnotes which provide explanatory material. These notes and
footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be
3. Terminology
considered as requirements of this test method.
3.1 Definitions:
1 2
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C09 on Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.02.
3
Concrete and Concrete Aggregates and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.03.
4
C09.20 on Normal Weight Aggregates. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
5
Current edition approved Aug. 10, 2001. Published October 2001. Originally Available from American Association of State Highway and Transportation
published as C 127 – 36 T. Last previous edition C 127 – 88 (2001). Officials, 444 North Capitol St. N.W., Suite 225, Washington, DC 20001.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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C 127
3.1.1 absorption, n—the increase in mass of aggregate due volume basis. Relative density (specific gravity) is also used in
to water penetration into the pores of the particles during a the computation of voids in aggregate in Test Method C 29/
prescribed period of time, but not including water adhering to C 29M. Relative density (specific gravity) (SSD) is used if the
the outside surface of the particles, expressed as a percentag
...