ASTM D1160-13
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
Standard Test Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is used for the determination of the distillation characteristics of petroleum products, biodiesel, and fractions that may decompose if distilled at atmospheric pressure. This boiling range, obtained at conditions designed to obtain approximately one theoretical plate fractionation, can be used in engineering calculations to design distillation equipment, to prepare appropriate blends for industrial purposes, to determine compliance with regulatory rules, to determine the suitability of the product as feed to a refining process, or for a host of other purposes.
5.2 The boiling range is directly related to viscosity, vapor pressure, heating value, average molecular weight, and many other chemical, physical, and mechanical properties. Any of these properties can be the determining factor in the suitability of the product in its intended application.
5.3 Petroleum product specifications often include distillation limits based on data by this test method.
5.4 Many engineering design correlations have been developed on data by this test method. These correlative methods are used extensively in current engineering practice.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination, at reduced pressures, of the range of boiling points for petroleum products and biodiesel that can be partially or completely vaporized at a maximum liquid temperature of 400°C. Both a manual method and an automatic method are specified.
1.2 In cases of dispute, the referee test method is the manual test method at a mutually agreed upon pressure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1.4, 6.1.8.1, 10.11, and A3.2.1.
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Designation: D1160 − 13
StandardTest Method for
1
Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.
1. Scope* D6300Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias
Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and
1.1 This test method covers the determination, at reduced
Lubricants
pressures,oftherangeofboilingpointsforpetroleumproducts
andbiodieselthatcanbepartiallyorcompletelyvaporizedata
3. Terminology
maximumliquidtemperatureof400°C.Bothamanualmethod
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
and an automatic method are specified.
3.1.1 atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET), n—the
1.2 Incasesofdispute,therefereetestmethodisthemanual
temperature converted from the measured vapor temperature
test method at a mutually agreed upon pressure.
using EqA7.1. TheAET is the expected distillate temperature
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the if the distillation was performed at atmospheric pressure and
standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
there was no thermal decomposition.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the 3.1.2 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP), n—the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
maximum vapor temperature reached during the test.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1.3 initial boiling point (IBP), n—the vapor temperature
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
that is measured at the instant the first drop of condensate falls
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
from the lower end of the condenser section drip tip.
warning statements, see 6.1.4, 6.1.8.1, 10.11, and A3.2.1.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—Whenachainisattachedtothedriptip
the first drop will form and run down the chain. In automatic
2. Referenced Documents
apparatus, the first drop detection device shall be located as
2
near to the lower end of the drip tip as practical.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D613Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
3.1.4 spillover point, n—the highest point of the lower
D1193Specification for Reagent Water
internal junction of the distillation column and the condensing
D1250Guide for Use of the Petroleum MeasurementTables
section of the vacuum-jacketed column assembly.
D1298Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API
4. Summary of Test Method
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
ucts by Hydrometer Method
4.1 The sample is distilled at an accurately controlled
D4052Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
pressure between 0.13 and 6.7 kPa (1 and 50 mm Hg) under
Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
conditions that are designed to provide approximately one
D4057Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
theoretical plate fractionation. Data are obtained from which
Petroleum Products
theinitialboilingpoint,thefinalboilingpoint,andadistillation
D4177Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and
curve relating volume percent distilled and atmospheric
Petroleum Products
equivalent boiling point temperature can be prepared.
5. Significance and Use
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
5.1 This test method is used for the determination of the
Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
distillationcharacteristicsofpetroleumproducts,biodiesel,and
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
fractions that may decompose if distilled at atmospheric
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2013. Published October 2013. Originally
pressure.Thisboilingrange,obtainedatconditionsdesignedto
approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 2012 as D1160–12. DOI:
10.1520/D1160-13.
obtainapproximatelyonetheoreticalplatefractionation,canbe
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
used in engineering calculations to design distillation
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
equipment, to prepare appropriate blends for industrial
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. purposes, to determine compliance with regulatory rules, to
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D1160 − 12 D1160 − 13
Standard Test Method for
1
Distillation of Petroleum Products at Reduced Pressure
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1160; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination, at reduced pressures, of the range of boiling points for petroleum products and
biodiesel that can be partially or completely vaporized at a maximum liquid temperature of 400°C. Both a manual method and an
automatic method are specified.
1.2 In cases of dispute, the referee test method is the manual test method at a mutually agreed upon pressure.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see 6.1.4, 6.1.8.1, 10.11, and A3.2.1.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D613 Test Method for Cetane Number of Diesel Fuel Oil
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by
Hydrometer Method
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4177 Practice for Automatic Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.1.1 atmospheric equivalent temperature (AET), n—the temperature converted from the measured vapor temperature using Eq
A7.1. The AET is the expected distillate temperature if the distillation was performed at atmospheric pressure and there was no
thermal decomposition.
3.1.2 end point (EP) or final boiling point (FBP),n—the maximum vapor temperature reached during the test.
3.1.3 initial boiling point (IBP), n—the vapor temperature that is measured at the instant the first drop of condensate falls from
the lower end of the condenser section drip tip.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of
Subcommittee D02.08 on Volatility.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2012Oct. 1, 2013. Published March 2013October 2013. Originally approved in 1951. Last previous edition approved in 20062012 as
D1160D1160 – 12.–06. DOI: 10.1520/D1160-12.10.1520/D1160-13.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3.1.3.1 Discussion—
When a chain is attached to the drip tip the first drop will form and run down the chain. In automatic apparatus, the first drop
detection device shall be located as near to the lower end of the drip tip as practical.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D1160 − 13
3.1.4 spillover point, n—the highest point of the lower internal junction of the distillation column and the condensing section
of the vacuum-jacketed column assembly.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The sample is distilled at an accurately controlled pressure between 0.13 and 6.7 kPa (1 and 50 mm Hg) under conditions
that are designed to provide approximately one theoretical plate fractionation. Data are obtained from which the initial boiling
point, the final boiling point, and a distillation curve relating volume percent distilled and atmospheric equivalent boiling point
temperature can be prepared.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This tes
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