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ASTM C1484-10(2018)

(Specification)

Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels

Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels

ABSTRACT
This specification covers the general requirements for vacuum insulation panels (VIP). These panels have been used wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances. The panel barrier consists of one or more layers of materials whose primary functions are to control gas diffusion to the core, and to provide mechanical protection. The core shall comprise a system of cells, microspheres, powders, fibers, aerogels, or laminates, whose chemical composition shall be organic, inorganic, or metallic. The physical and mechanical properties of vacuum insulation panels are presented in details. The compressive resistance, panel barrier permeance, and center-of-panel thermal resistivit shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed. The effective thermal resistance differs significantly from the product of the center-of-panel resistivity and the thickness, and this system characteristic must take into account the details of the overall VIP design as well as its installation. The creep and dimensional stability at service condition shall be tested to meet the requirements prescribed.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appliances.  
1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to differences between panel core and panel barrier thermal properties. This specification applies to composite panels whose center-of-panel apparent thermal resistivities (sec. 3.2.3) typically range from 87 to 870 m·K/W at 24°C mean, and whose intended service temperature boundaries range from –70 to 480°C.  
1.3 The specification applies to panels encompassing evacuated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due to atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path of the remaining gas molecules.  
1.4 Limitations:  
1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-supporting structures, such as containers or bottles with evacuated walls.  
1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this market is still developing, discrete classes of products have not yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet available.  
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Note 1: For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Aug-2018
ICS
91.060.10 - Walls. Partitions. Facades
Technical Committee
C16 - Thermal Insulation
Drafting Committee
C16.22 - Organic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Refers
ASTM D3103-20 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Insulation Performance of Distribution Packages
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM C1055-20 - Standard Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that Produce Contact Burn Injuries
Effective Date
01-Apr-2020
Refers
ASTM D3103-14 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Insulation Performance of Distribution Packages
Effective Date
01-Oct-2014
Refers
ASTM D3763-14 - Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
Effective Date
01-Dec-2014
Refers
ASTM D4169-14 - Standard Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
Effective Date
01-Nov-2014
Refers
ASTM C168-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Jun-2015
Refers
ASTM D999-08(2015) - Standard Test Methods for Vibration Testing of Shipping Containers
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM C1667-15 - Standard Test Method for Using Heat Flow Meter Apparatus to Measure the Center-of-Panel Thermal Transmission Properties of Vacuum Insulation Panels
Effective Date
01-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM C168-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
15-Oct-2015
Refers
ASTM C518-15 - Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM C1136-16 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Nov-2016
Refers
ASTM C1136-17 - Standard Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor Retarders for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
15-May-2017
Refers
ASTM C168-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Jun-2017
Refers
ASTM D3763-15 - Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
Effective Date
01-Sep-2015
Refers
ASTM D3763-18 - Standard Test Method for High Speed Puncture Properties of Plastics Using Load and Displacement Sensors
Effective Date
01-Nov-2018
Refers
ASTM C168-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
15-Apr-2018
Refers
ASTM C1114-06(2019) - Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Mar-2019
Refers
ASTM C1045-19 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
Effective Date
01-Apr-2019
Refers
ASTM C1363-19 - Standard Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot Box Apparatus
Effective Date
01-Sep-2019
Refers
ASTM C390-08(2019) - Standard Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal Insulation Lots
Effective Date
01-Sep-2019
Referred By
ASTM C1774-13(2019) - Standard Guide for Thermal Performance Testing of Cryogenic Insulation Systems
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018
Referred By
ASTM C1558-19 - Standard Guide for Development of Standard Data Records for Computerization of Thermal Transmission Test Data for Thermal Insulation
Effective Date
01-Sep-2018

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ASTM C1484-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation PanelsASTM C1484-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels
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ASTM C1484-10(2018) - Standard Specification for Vacuum Insulation Panels
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Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C1484 −10 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Specification for
1
Vacuum Insulation Panels
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1484; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
NOTE 1—For specific safety considerations see Annex A1.
1. Scope
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.1 This specification covers the general requirements for
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
Vacuum Insulation Panels (VIP). These panels have been used
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
wherever high thermal resistance is desired in confined space
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
applications, such as transportation, equipment, and appli-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
ances.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.2 Vacuum panels typically exhibit an edge effect due to
differences between panel core and panel barrier thermal
2. Referenced Documents
properties. This specification applies to composite panels
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
whose center-of-panel apparent thermal resistivities (sec.
C165 Test Method for Measuring Compressive Properties of
3.2.3) typically range from 87 to 870 m·K/W at 24°C mean,
Thermal Insulations
andwhoseintendedservicetemperatureboundariesrangefrom
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
–70 to 480°C.
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
1.3 Thespecificationappliestopanelsencompassingevacu-
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
ated space with: some means of preventing panel collapse due
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
to atmospheric pressure, some means of reducing radiation
C203 Test Methods for Breaking Load and Flexural Proper-
heat transfer, and some means of reducing the mean free path
ties of Block-Type Thermal Insulation
of the remaining gas molecules.
C390 Practice for Sampling and Acceptance of Thermal
Insulation Lots
1.4 Limitations:
C480 Test Method for Flexure Creep of Sandwich Construc-
1.4.1 The specification is intended for evacuated planar
tions
composites; it does not apply to non-planar evacuated self-
C518 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
supporting structures, such as containers or bottles with evacu-
Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus
ated walls.
C740 Guide for Evacuated Reflective Insulation In Cryo-
1.4.2 The specification describes the thermal performance
genic Service
considerations in the use of these insulations. Because this
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
market is still developing, discrete classes of products have not
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
yet been defined and standard performance values are not yet
C1055 Guide for Heated System Surface Conditions that
available.
Produce Contact Burn Injuries
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
C1058 Practice for Selecting Temperatures for Evaluating
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
and Reporting Thermal Properties of Thermal Insulation
standard.
C1114 Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Properties by Means of the Thin-Heater Apparatus
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
C1136 Specification for Flexible, Low Permeance Vapor
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
Retarders for Thermal Insulation
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
C1363 Test Method for Thermal Performance of Building
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
Materials and Envelope Assemblies by Means of a Hot
Box Apparatus
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.22 on
2
Organic and Nonhomogeneous Inorganic Thermal Insulations. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2018. Published October 2018. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 2000. Last previous edition approved in 2010 as C1484 – 10. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C1484-10R18. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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5.1 Heat flow meter apparatus are being used to measure the center-of-panel portion of a vacuum insulation panel, which typically has a very high value of thermal resistivity (that is, equal to or greater than 90 m-K/W). As described in Specification C1484, the center-of-panel thermal resistivity is used, along with the panel geometry and barrier material thermal conductivity, to determine the effective thermal resistance of the evacuated panel.  
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SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method is a standard procedure for determining the resistance to water penetration under uniform static air pressure differences. The air-pressure differences acting across a building envelope vary greatly. These factors should be fully considered prior to specifying the test pressure difference to be used.
Note 1: In applying the results of tests by this test method, note that the performance of a wall or its components, or both, may be a function of proper installation and adjustment. In service, the performance will also depend on the rigidity of supporting construction and on the resistance of components to deterioration by various causes, vibration, thermal expansion and contraction, etc. It is difficult to simulate the identical complex wetting conditions that can be encountered in service, with large wind-blown water drops, increasing water drop impact pressures with increasing wind velocity, and lateral or upward moving air and water. Some designs are more sensitive than others to this upward moving water.
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1.1 This test method covers the determination of the resistance of exterior windows, curtain walls, skylights, and doors to water penetration when water is applied to the outdoor face and exposed edges simultaneously with a uniform static air pressure at the outdoor face higher than the pressure at the indoor face.  
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1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 7.1.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM E2511-17(2023)(Guide)
Standard Guide for Detailing of EIFS-Clad Barrier and Drainage Wall Assemblies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide is for use by individuals and entities involved with the design and specification of EIFS details for a specific building.  
4.2 This guide can be applied to both EIFS-clad barrier wall assembly and EIFS-clad wall with drainage.  
4.3 This guide can be applied to new and existing EIFS buildings, prefabricated versus on-site installed EIFS, and residential and commercial EIFS buildings.  
4.4 This guide is not meant to replace the types of information normally present in text format in a project’s specifications.  
4.5 This guide is not applicable to EIFS materials used in non EIFS applications, such as a topcoat for other base materials like traditional Portland cement plaster (stucco) and concrete.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the types of project-specific construction conditions that need to be communicated by means of drawings (“details”) for the purpose of constructing Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS)-clad barrier and drainage wall assemblies. EIFS manufacturers provide basic details for the installation of their materials and interface with adjacent materials. These details are generic and, in many cases, do not apply to specific project conditions.  
1.2 This guide addresses only the EIFS itself and the interface between the EIFS and the materials immediately adjacent to the EIFS; it does not address all parts of the wall assembly.  
1.3 Not all possible construction detail conditions are addressed by this guide. Identify and provide details for all construction conditions that exist on a specific building.  
1.4 This guide is intended to supplement but not supersede information from the EIFS manufacturer about how their specific product should be detailed, nor to supersede technical product acceptance reports or the code requirements of regulatory authorities.  
1.5 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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ASTM
ASTM C1372-22(Specification)
Standard Specification for Dry-Cast Segmental Retaining Wall Units

ABSTRACT
This specification covers dry–cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls. The material composition of retaining wall units consists of cementitious materials like portland cement and its modified form, limestone, hydraulic cement, blended hydraulic cement, pozzolans, blast furnace slag cement, aggregates, and other constituents which include air-entraining agents, coloring pigments, integral water repellents, and finely ground silica. All units shall be sound and free of cracks or other defects that interfere with the proper placement of the unit or significantly impair the strength or permanence of the construction.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers dry-cast segmental retaining wall units of concrete, machine–made from hydraulic cement, water, and suitable mineral aggregates with or without the inclusion of other materials. The units are intended for use in the construction of mortarless segmental retaining walls.
Note 1: When particular features are desired, such as density classification, higher compressive strength, surface texture, finish, color, or other special features, such properties should be specified separately by the purchaser. Suppliers should be consulted as to availability of units having the desired features.  
1.2 The text of this standard references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material. These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of the standard.  
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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  • Technical specification
    3 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off