ASTM D5116-97

Standard Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products (Withdrawn 2006)

SCOPE
1.1 The use of small environmental test chambers to develop emission characteristics of indoor materials and products is still evolving. Modifications and variations in equipment, testing procedures, and data analysis are made as the work in the area progresses. Until the interested parties agree upon standard testing protocols, differences in approach will occur. This guide will provide assistance by describing equipment and techniques suitable for determining organic emissions from indoor materials. Specific examples are provided to illustrate existing approaches; these examples are not intended to inhibit alternative approaches or techniques that will produce equivalent or superior results.
1.2 Small chambers have obvious limitations. Normally, only samples of larger materials (for example, carpet) are tested. Small chambers are not applicable for testing complete assemblages (for example, furniture). Small chambers are also inappropriate for testing combustion devices (for example, kerosene heaters) or activities (for example, use of aerosol spray products). For some products, small chamber testing may provide only a portion of the emission profile of interest. For example, the rate of emissions from the application of high solvent materials (for example, paints and waxes) via brushing, spraying, rolling, etc. are generally higher than the rate during the drying process. Small chamber testing can not be used to evaluate the application phase of the coating process.
1.3 The guide does not provide specific guidance for determining emissions of formaldehyde from pressed wood products, since large chamber testing methods for such emissions are well developed and widely used. It is possible, however, that the guide could be used to support alternative testing methods.
1.4 While the ultimate purpose of any evaluation of indoor materials is to determine whether the emissions can contribute to health or comfort problems, this guide is only applicable to the determination of the emissions themselves. The effect of the emissions (for example, toxicity) is beyond the scope of the guide.
1.5 As an ASTM guide, options are described, but specific courses of action are not recommended. The purpose of this guide is to increase the awareness of the user to available techniques for evaluating organic emissions from indoor materials/products via small chamber testing and to provide information from which subsequent evaluation and standardization can be derived.
1.6 Within the context of the limitations discussed in this section, the purpose of this guide is to describe the methods and procedures for determining organic emission rates from indoor materials/products using small environmental test chambers. The techniques described are useful for both routine product testing by manufacturers and testing laboratories and for more rigorous evaluation by indoor air quality (IAQ) researchers. Appendix X1 provides additional references for readers wishing to supplement the information contained in this guide.
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
The use of small environmental test chambers to characterize the organic emissions of indoor materials and products is still evolving. Modifications and variations in equipment, testing procedures, and data analysis are made as the work in the area progresses. Until the interested parties agree upon standard testing protocols, differences in approach will occur. This guide will provide assistance by describing equipment and techniques suitable for determining organic emissions from indoor materials. Specific examples are provided to illustrate existing approach...

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 09-Dec-1997
• Withdrawal Date: 31-Jan-2006
• ICS: 13.040.01 - Air quality in general
• Technical Committee: D22 - Air Quality
• Drafting Committee: D22.05 - Indoor Air

Relations

• Replaced By: ASTM D5116-06 - Standard Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of Organic Emissions From Indoor Materials/Products
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2006
• Referred By: ASTM D6178-19 - Standard Practice for Estimation of Short-Term Inhalation Exposure to Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM E1333-22 - Standard Test Method for Determining Formaldehyde Concentrations in Air and Emission Rates from Wood Products Using a Large Chamber
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D7706-17 - Standard Practice for Rapid Screening of VOC Emissions from Products Using Micro-Scale Chambers
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6669-19 - Standard Practice for Selecting and Constructing Exposure Scenarios for Assessment of Exposures to Alkyd and Latex Interior Paints
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D8445-22a - Standard Practice for Measuring Chemical Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation Samples in a Large-scale Ventilated Enclosure
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6670-18 - Standard Practice for Full-Scale Chamber Determination of Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D7859-19 - Standard Practice for Spraying, Sampling, Packaging, and Test Specimen Preparation of Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation for Testing of Emissions Using Environmental Chambers
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D7143-17 - Standard Practice for Emission Cells for the Determination of Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials/Products
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6803-19 - Standard Practice for Testing and Sampling of Volatile Organic Compounds (Including Carbonyl Compounds) Emitted from Architectural Coatings Using Small-Scale Environmental Chambers
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D8141-22 - Standard Guide for Selecting Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds (SVOCs) Emission Testing Methods to Determine Emission Parameters for Modeling of Indoor Environments
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6177-19 - Standard Practice for Determining Emission Profiles of Volatile Organic Chemicals Emitted from Bedding Sets
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D8142-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Determining Chemical Emissions from Spray Polyurethane Foam (SPF) Insulation using Micro-Scale Environmental Test Chambers
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D6330-20 - Standard Practice for Determination of Volatile Organic Compounds (Excluding Formaldehyde) Emissions from Wood-Based Panels Using Small Environmental Chambers Under Defined Test Conditions
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997
• Referred By: ASTM D7911-19 - Standard Guide for Using Reference Material to Characterize Measurement Bias Associated with Volatile Organic Compound Emission Chamber Test
• Effective Date: 10-Dec-1997

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D 5116 – 97
Standard Guide for
Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of
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Organic Emissions From Indoor Materials/Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5116; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 1.5 As an ASTM guide, options are described, but specific
courses of action are not recommended. The purpose of this
1.1 The use of small environmental test chambers to char-
guide is to increase the awareness of the user to available
acterizetheorganicemissionsofindoormaterialsandproducts
techniques for evaluating organic emissions from indoor
is still evolving. Modifications and variations in equipment,
materials/products via small chamber testing and to provide
testing procedures, and data analysis are made as the work in
information from which subsequent evaluation and standard-
the area progresses. Until the interested parties agree upon
ization can be derived.
standard testing protocols, differences in approach will occur.
1.6 Within the context of the limitations discussed in this
Thisguidewillprovideassistancebydescribingequipmentand
section, the purpose of this guide is to describe the methods
techniques suitable for determining organic emissions from
and procedures for determining organic emission rates from
indoor materials. Specific examples are provided to illustrate
indoor materials/products using small environmental test
existing approaches; these examples are not intended to inhibit
chambers.Thetechniquesdescribedareusefulforbothroutine
alternative approaches or techniques that will produce equiva-
product testing by manufacturers and testing laboratories and
lent or superior results.
for more rigorous evaluation by indoor air quality (IAQ)
1.2 Small chambers have obvious limitations. Normally,
researchers. Appendix X1 provides additional references for
only samples of larger materials (for example, carpet) are
readers wishing to supplement the information contained in
tested. Small chambers are not applicable for testing complete
this guide.
assemblages (for example, furniture). Small chambers are also
1.7 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
inappropriate for testing combustion devices (for example,
standard.
kerosene heaters) or activities (for example, use of aerosol
1.8 This standard does not purport to address the safety
sprayproducts).Forsomeproducts,smallchambertestingmay
concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
provide only a portion of the emission profile of interest. For
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and
example, the rate of emissions from the application of high
health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
solventmaterials(forexample,paintsandwaxes)viabrushing,
limitations prior to use.
spraying, rolling, etc. are generally higher than the rate during
the drying process. Small chamber testing can not be used to
2. Referenced Documents
evaluate the application phase of the coating process.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The guide does not provide specific guidance for deter-
2
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
mining emissions of formaldehyde from pressed wood prod-
D1356 Terminology Relating to Sampling andAnalysis of
ucts, since large chamber testing methods for such emissions
3
Atmospheres
are well developed and widely used. For more information
D1914 Practice for Conversion Units and Factors Relating
refer to Test Method E1333. It is possible, however, that the
3
to Sampling and Analysis of Atmospheres
guide could be used to support alternative testing methods.
3
D3195 Practice for Rotameter Calibration
1.4 The guide is applicable to the determination of emis-
D3609 Practice for Calibration Techniques Using Perme-
sions from products and materials that may be used indoors.
3
ation Tubes
The effects of the emissions (for example, toxicity) are not
D3686 Practice for Sampling Atmospheres to Collect Or-
addressed and are beyond the scope of the guide.
ganic Compound Vapors (Activated Charcoal Tube Ad-
3
sorption Method)
1
ThisguideisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD22onSamplingand
Analysis of Atmospheres and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D22.05
on Indoor Air.
2
Current edition approved December 10, 1997. Published February 1998. Origi- Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.01.
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nally published as D5116–90. Last previous edition D5116–90. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 11.03.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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