ASTM D5434-03
(Guide)Standard Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock
Standard Guide for Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The preparation of field logs provides documentation of field exploration procedures and findings for geotechnical, geologic, hydrogeologic, and other investigations of subsurface site conditions. This guide may be used for a broad range of investigations.
The recorded information in a field log will depend on the specific purpose of the site investigation. All of the information given in this guide need not appear in all field logs.
Note 1—- The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D 3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective sampling. Users of this practice are cautioned that compliance with Practice D 3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D 3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide describes the type of information that should be recorded during field subsurface explorations in soil and rock.
1.2 This guide is not intended to specify all of the information required for preparing field logs. Such requirements will vary depending on the purpose of the investigation, the intended use of the field log, and particular needs of the client or user.
1.3 This guide is applicable to boreholes, auger holes, excavated pits, or other subsurface exposures such as road side cuts or stream banks. This guide may serve as a supplement to Guide D 420.
1.4 This guide may not be suited to all types of subsurface exploration such as mining, agricultural, geologic hazardous waste, or other special types of exploration.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information or a series of options and does not recommend a specific course of action. This document cannot replace education or experience and should be used in conjunction with professional judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to represent or replace the standard of care of which the adequacy of a given professional service must be judged, nor should this document be applied without consideration of a project's many unique aspects. The word "Standard" in the title of this document means only that the document has been approved through the ASTM consensus process.
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D 5434–03
Standard Guide for
1
Field Logging of Subsurface Explorations of Soil and Rock
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D 5434; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* D 420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering, De-
sign, and Construction Purposes
1.1 This guide describes the type of information that should
D 653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
be recorded during field subsurface explorations in soil and
Fluids
rock.
D 1452 Practice for Soil Investigation and Sampling by
1.2 This guide is not intended to specify all of the informa-
Auger Borings
tion required for preparing field logs. Such requirements will
D 1586 Method for Penetration Test and Split-Barrel Sam-
vary depending on the purpose of the investigation, the
pling of Soils
intended use of the field log, and particular needs of the client
D 1587 Practice for Thin-Walled Tube Geotechnical Sam-
or user.
pling of Soils
1.3 This guide is applicable to boreholes, auger holes,
D 2113 Practice for Diamond Core Drilling for Site Inves-
excavated pits, or other subsurface exposures such as road side
tigation
cuts or stream banks. This guide may serve as a supplement to
D 2488 Practice for Description and Identification of Soils
Guide D 420.
(Visual-Manual Procedure)
1.4 This guide may not be suited to all types of subsurface
D 2573 Test Method for Field Vane Shear Test in Cohesive
exploration such as mining, agricultural, geologic hazardous
Soil
waste, or other special types of exploration.
D 3441 Test Method for Deep, Quasi-Static, Cone and
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the
Friction/Cone Penetration Tests of Soil
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
D 3550 Practice for Ring-Lined Barrel Sampling of Soils
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
D 3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Engaged in the Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
1.6 This guide offers an organized collection of information
D 4083 Practice for Description of Frozen Soils (Visual-
or a series of options and does not recommend a specific
Manual Procedure)
course of action. This document cannot replace education or
D 4220 Practices for Preserving and Transporting Soil
experience and should be used in conjunction with professional
Samples
judgment. Not all aspects of this guide may be applicable in all
D 4403 Practice for Extensometers Used in Rock
circumstances. This ASTM standard is not intended to repre-
D 4544 Practice for Estimating Peat Deposit Thickness
sent or replace the standard of care of which the adequacy of
D 4622 Test Method for Rock Mass Monitoring Using
a given professional service must be judged, nor should this
Inclinometers
document be applied without consideration of a project’s many
D 4623 Test Method for Determination of In Situ Stress in
unique aspects. The word “Standard” in the title of this
Rock Mass by Overcoring Method—USBM Borehole
document means only that the document has been approved
Deformation Gage
through the ASTM consensus process.
D 4633 Test Method for Stress Wave Energy Measurement
2. Referenced Documents for Dynamic Penetrometer Testing Systems
2
D 4645 Test Method for Determination of the In-Situ Stress
2.1 ASTM Standards:
in Rock Using the Hydraulic Fracturing Method
D 4719 Test Method for Pressuremeter Testing in Soils
1
This guide is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock
D 4750 Test Method for Determining Subsurface Liquid
andisthedirectresponsibilityofD18.07onIdentificationandClassificationofSoils.
Levels in a Borehole or Monitoring Well (Observation
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2003. Published December 2003. Originally
Well)
approved in 1993. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as D 5434 – 97(2003).
2
For referenced ASTM standard, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
D 4879 Guide for Geotechnical Mapping of Large Under-
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ground Openings in Rock
Standardsvolume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page of
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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D 5434–03
D 5079 Practices for Preservin
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