ASTM D2741-95(2005)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Susceptibility of Polyethylene Bottles to Soot Accumulation (Withdrawn 2011)
Standard Test Method for Susceptibility of Polyethylene Bottles to Soot Accumulation (Withdrawn 2011)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
This test method provides a useful means for determining the relative susceptibility of polyethylene bottles to accumulate soot. In particular, this test method has been found useful in evaluating antistatic additives or antistatic bottle surface treatments, or both. Experience has shown that the behavior of bottles in this test can be directly related to dust and lint accumulation under actual use conditions.
This test method provides a means of accelerating soot accumulation. However, the correlation of the results of this test method to actual use conditions must be established for each application.
Although no formal round-robin testing has been done on other types of plastics, this test method has been found useful for testing other than polyethylene plastics.3
Before proceeding with this test method, reference should be made to the specification of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the materials specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this test method. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the relative susceptibility of polyethylene bottles to soot accumulation.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
Note 1--There is no similar or equivalent ISO standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precautionary statements are given in Section 8 and Note 7.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered the determination of the relative susceptibility of polyethylene bottles to soot accumulation.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee D20 on Plasticws, this test method was withdrawn in September 2011 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:D2741–95 (Reapproved 2005)
Standard Test Method for
Susceptibility of Polyethylene Bottles to Soot
Accumulation
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2741; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope comparing the amount of carbon particles accumulated on the
bottle to that shown on a preestablished graded scale.
1.1 Thistestmethodcoversthedeterminationoftherelative
susceptibility of polyethylene bottles to soot accumulation.
5. Significance and Use
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
5.1 This test method provides a useful means for determin-
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
ing the relative susceptibility of polyethylene bottles to accu-
only.
mulate soot. In particular, this test method has been found
NOTE 1—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.
useful in evaluating antistatic additives or antistatic bottle
surface treatments, or both. Experience has shown that the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the behavior of bottles in this test can be directly related to dust
and lint accumulation under actual use conditions.
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- 5.2 This test method provides a means of accelerating soot
accumulation. However, the correlation of the results of this
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precau-
tionary statements are given in Section 8 and Note 7. test method to actual use conditions must be established for
each application.
2. Referenced Documents
5.3 Although no formal round-robin testing has been done
2.1 ASTM Standards: on other types of plastics, this test method has been found
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing useful for testing other than polyethylene plastics.
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics 5.4 Before proceeding with this test method, reference
E104 Practice for Maintaining Constant Relative Humidity shouldbemadetothespecificationofthematerialbeingtested.
by Means of Aqueous Solutions Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or
testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the
3. Terminology
materials specification shall take precedence over those men-
3.1 Definitions: tioned in this test method. If there are no material specifica-
3.1.1 Standard definitions for plastics as they appear in
tions, then the default conditions apply.
Terminology D883 shall apply.
6. Apparatus
3.1.2 soot—thefinelydividedcarbonrichparticlesresulting
3 3
from incomplete combustion of an organic material. 6.1 Soot Test Chamber, having a 0.066-m (2.3-ft ) testing
volume essentially like that shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.
4. Summary of Test Method
Chambers of other design (normally larger or having multiple
4.1 An electrostatic charge is generated on the bottle sur- test chambers to allow testing of greater numbers of bottles at
face. Under controlled conditions, the charged samples are
the same time) that provide comparable results are considered
exposed in a chamber to soot created by burning toluene- acceptable alternatives. With such chambers it is essential that
wetted filter paper. Soot accumulation is rated visually by
thefollowingitemsbesizedandkeptindirectproportiontothe
total test chamber volume:
6.1.1 Blower or fan size,
6.1.2 Amount of filter paper and toluene, and
This test method is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D20 on Plastics
6.1.3 Amount of drying agent if required.
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D20.19 on Film and Sheeting.
Current edition approved July 15, 2005. Published August 2005. Originally 6.2 Manifold System has been proven desirable for uniform
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as D2741 - 95 (2001).
air circulation in larger units. Experience has shown that 0.05
DOI: 10.1520/D2741-95R05.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Schanzle, R. E., “New Test for Plastics Antistatics,” Modern Packaging,
the ASTM website. MOPAA, May 1964, pp. 129, 130, and 204.
Copyright ©ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA19428-2959, United States.
D2741–95 (2005)
FIG. 1 Smoke Chamber for Plastic Bottle Soot Accumulation Test
2 3 3
mLoftolueneon452mm offilterpaper/0.028m (1ft )oftest 7.3 Calcium Chloride, or equivalent granules, 8-mesh.
chamber volume produces a satisfactory smoke concentration.
NOTE 3—Not required when humidity reduction is obtained by other
The test chamber shall be equipped with:
means.
6.2.1 Means for maintaining a 15 6 5 % relative humidity
atmosphere (Note 2), 8. Safety Precautions
6.2.2 A fan or blower for air circulation,
8.1 Usecautionwhenhandlingtolueneandtrichlorethylene.
6.2.3 Means for igniting toluene wetted filter paper, and
Small quantities may produce noticeable toxic effects if in-
6.2.4 Removable 80-mesh wire screens covering test cham-
haled, contacted, or ingested. Have adequate ventilation.
ber inlet and outlet.
8.2 Have a fire extinguisher nearby when handling and
igniting toluene.
NOTE 2—The test chamber described in this procedure provides for
humidity reduction by means of a chemical drying agent contained within
the chamber. However, satisfactory results have been obtained by locating
9. Test Specimens
the chamber in a room maintained in 15 % humidity or by use of other air
9.1 The test specimens shall be the plastic bottles under
drying equipment.
investigation. For accurate determination of relative soot ac-
6.3 Tongs.
cumulation properties, all of the bottles should be of the same
6.4 Dry Cloth.
configuration. The specimens shall be free from visible water
6.5 Paper Towels.
anddirt.Surfacestobejudgedforsootaccumulationproperties
6.6 Filter Paper, 24 mm in diameter, ashless type.
shall not be handled either beforehand or during the perfor-
6.7 Relative Humidity Indicator.
mance of the test.Aminimum of three specimens for each test
variable is necessary.
7. Materials
7.1 Trichlorethylene, Warning, see 8.1.
10. Calibration and Standardization
7.2 Toluene, Warning, see Section 8.
10.1 Check for test chamber tightness by sealing off smoke
entrance and exit screens (Note 4), generating smoke as
indicated in 12.8, and inspecting for smoke leakage into test
Kaypee IndustrialWipes,Tidi-Unidisco Co.,Troy, MI, or equivalent have been
found satisfactory for this purpose. chamber.
D2741–95 (2005)
FIG. 2 Special Construction Details for Soot Accumulation Smoke Chamber
NOTE 4—Two-mil thick polyethylene film may be placed over the
10.5.2 Acceptability of the reference standards shall be
openings and held in place with pressure-sensitive tape.
agreed upon between the purchaser and the seller.
10.2 Withthechambersmokeentranceandexitcoveredjust
by the screens, measure the time for the smoke cloud to cross 11. Conditioning
thetestchambertothechamberoutlet.Adjusttheblowerspeed
11.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 23 6
to accomplish this in 7 61s.
2°C(73.4 63.6°F)and50 65 %relativehumidityfornotless
10.3 Calibrate the humidity indicator for 12 % relative
than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
humidity by storing over a saturated solution of lithium
Practice D618, for those tests where conditioning is required.
chloride at 20 6 1°C in accordance with Method C of Practice
In cases of disagreement, the tolerances shall be 61°C
E104. It is necessar
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.