ASTM C1145-05
(Terminology)Standard Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
Standard Terminology of Advanced Ceramics
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Designation:C1145–05
Standard Terminology of
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Advanced Ceramics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 1145; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
absorbed moisture, n—water held within the materials and chatter, n—an undesirable pattern created on the surface of a
having physical properties not substantially different from work piece, usually at regularly spaced intervals, due to an
ordinary water at the same temperature and pressure. out-of-round, out-of-balance condition or due to an induced
advanced ceramic, n—a highly engineered, high perfor- natural frequency, or its harmonics, or both, in a grinding
mance, predominately non-metallic, inorganic, ceramic ma- machine.
terial having specific functional attributes. colloidal particle, n—a dispersed particle with a linear dimen-
agglomerate, n— as used in fractography, a cluster of grains, sion of 5 to 100 nm.
particles, platelets, or whiskers, or a combination thereof, comminution, n—the act or process of reduction in particle
present in a larger solid mass. size, usually but not necessarily by grinding or milling.
aggregate, n—a dense mass of particles held together by compositional inhomogeneity, (CI), n—as used in fractogra-
strong intermolecular or atomic cohesive forces. It is stable phy, a volume-distributed flaw that is a microstructural
to normal handling and ordinary mixing techniques includ- irregularity related to the nonuniform distribution of an
ing high-speed stirring and ultrasonics.(C-21, C242) additive, a different crystalline or glass phase or in a
back-face strain, n—the strain as meaured with a strain gage multiphase material, the nonuniform distribution of a second
mounted longitudinally on the compressive surface of the phase.
specimen, opposite the crack or notch mouth (often this is continuous fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composite,
the top surface of the specimen as tested). (C 1421) n—a ceramic matrix composite in which the reinforcing
base exchange, n—a surface property exhibited by collodial phase(s) consists of continuous filaments, fibers, yarn, braid,
inorganic materials, usually clays, whereby absorbed surface or knitted or woven fabrics.
cations are replaced by other cations. crack,(CK), n—as used in fractography, a volume-distributed
body, n—the structural portion of a ceramic article, or the flaw that is a plane of fracture without complete separation.
material or mixture from which it is made.(C-21, C 242) crack deflection, n—a toughening mechanism in advanced
calcine, v (calcination, n)—firing or heating a granular or ceramics or ceramic matrix composites characterized by
particulate solid at less than fusion temperature, but suffi- fracture surface roughening and crack tilting/twisting during
cient to remove most of its chemically combined volatile propagation around grains or a reinforcing component
matter (that is, H O, CO ) and otherwise to develop the caused by stress fields around the grains or component
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desired properties for use. developed through mismatches in thermal expansion or
capillary action, n—the phenomenon of intrusion of a liquid mechanical properties (such as elastic modulus), or both,
into interconnected small voids, pores, and channels in a between grains or between reinforcement and matrix.
solid, resulting from surface tension. crack orientation, n—a description of the plane and direction
casting, drain (hollow casting), v—forming ceramic ware by of a fracture in relation to a characteristic direction of the
introducing a body slip into an open, porous mold, and then product.This identification is designated by a letter or letters
draining off the remaining slip when the cast piece has indicating the plane and direction of crack extension. The
reached the desired thickness.(C-21, C 242) letter or letters represent the direction normal to the crack
cermet, n—a composite material or article comprised of a plane and the direction of crack propagation. (C 1421)
ceramic and a metal or metal alloy, interdistributed in any of creep, n—the time-dependent part of a strain resulting from
various geometrical forms but intimately bonded together. stress.
deairing, n—the process of removing entrapped air or ab-
sorbed air from a mass or slurry, usually by application of a
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on
vacuum.
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.91 on
depth of penetration, n—(1) the distance a penetrant has
Nomenclature.
entered into a solid material as measured from the surface of
Current edition approv
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