ASTM D3231-11
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
Standard Test Method for Phosphorus in Gasoline
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors used in automotive emission control systems, and its level therefore is kept low.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts, or both, in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 to 40 mg P/litre or 0.0008 to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
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Designation: D3231 − 11
StandardTest Method for
1
Phosphorus in Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope* complex is proportional to the phosphorus concentration in the
sample and is read at approximately 820 nm in a 5-cm cell.
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phospho-
rus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts,
4. Significance and Use
or both, in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the
determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 to 40 mg
4.1 Phosphorus in gasoline will damage catalytic convertors
P/litre or 0.0008 to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
used in automotive emission control systems, and its level
therefore is kept low.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
5. Apparatus
only.
5.1 Buret, 10-mL capacity, 0.05-mL subdivisions.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath, equipped to hold several
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
100-mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark. Bath must
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
have a large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep the
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific
temperature at 82.2 to 87.8°C (180 to 190°F) during the entire
warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
period of sample heating.
NOTE 1—If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2°C
2. Referenced Documents
(180°F), the color development cannot be complete.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
5.3 Cooling Bath, equipped to hold several 100-mL volu-
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
metric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and
5.4 Filter Paper, for quantitative analysis, Class G for fine
Petroleum Products
precipitates as defined in Specification E832.
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance
and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
5.5 Ignition Dish—Coors porcelain evaporating dish, glazed
Measurement System Performance
inside and outside, with pourout (Size No. 00A, diameter 75
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
mm, capacity 70 mL).
5.6 Spectrophotometer, equipped with a tungsten lamp, a
3. Summary of Test Method
red-sensitive phototube capable of operating at 830 nm and
3.1 Organic matter in the sample is decomposed by ignition
with absorption cells that have a 5-cm light path.
in the presence of zinc oxide. The residue is dissolved in
5.7 Thermometer, ASTM 34C or 34F, range from 25 to
sulfuric acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate and
105°C (77 to 221°F).
hydrazine sulfate. The absorbance of the Molybdenum Blue
NOTE 2—Other temperature measuring devices, such as thermocouples
or resistance thermometers, may be used when the temperature readings
obtained by these devices are determined to produce the same results that
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
are obtained when mercury-in-glass thermometers are used. The precision
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
and bias given in Section 12 may or may not apply in such cases since the
D02.03 on Elemental Analysis.
published precision is based on an interlaboratory study where only
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published February 2011. Originally
mercury-in-glass thermometers were used. No information on the effect
approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D3231–07. DOI:
on precision when using alternative temperature measuring devices is
10.1520/D3231-11.
available.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
5.8 Volumetric Flask, 100-mL with ground-glass stopper.
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. 5.9 Volumetric Flask, 1000-mL with ground-glass stopper.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1
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D3231 − 11
5.10 Syringe, Luer-Lok, 10-mL equipped with 5-cm, 22- 6.8 Sulfuric Acid (1 + 10) —(Warning—Concentrated su
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3231–07 Designation: D3231 – 11
Standard Test Method for
1
Phosphorus in Gasoline
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3231; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of phosphorus generally present as pentavalent phosphate esters or salts, or both,
in gasoline. This test method is applicable for the determination of phosphorus in the range from 0.2 to 40 mg P/litre or 0.0008
to 0.15 g P/U.S. gal.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. For specific warning statements, see Section 6 and 9.5.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical
Measurement System Performance
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3. Summary of Test Method
3.1 Organic matter in the sample is decomposed by ignition in the presence of zinc oxide. The residue is dissolved in sulfuric
acid and reacted with ammonium molybdate and hydrazine sulfate. The absorbance of the Molybdenum Blue complex is
proportional to the phosphorus concentration in the sample and is read at approximately 820 nm in a 5-cm cell.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Phosphorusingasolinewilldamagecatalyticconvertorsusedinautomotiveemissioncontrolsystems,anditsleveltherefore
is kept low.
5. Apparatus
5.1 Buret, 10-mL capacity, 0.05-mL subdivisions.
5.2 Constant-Temperature Bath, equipped to hold several 100-mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark. Bath must have a
large enough reservoir or heat capacity to keep the temperature at 82.2 to 87.8°C (180 to 190°F) during the entire period of sample
heating.
NOTE 1—If the temperature of the hot water bath drops below 82.2°C (180°F), the color development cannot be complete.
5.3 Cooling Bath, equipped to hold several 100-mL volumetric flasks submerged to the mark in ice water.
5.4 Filter Paper, for quantitative analysis, Class G for fine precipitates as defined in Specification E832.
5.5 Ignition Dish—Coors porcelain evaporating dish, glazed inside and outside, with pourout (Size No. 00A, diameter 75 mm,
capacity 70 mL).
5.6 Spectrophotometer, equipped with a tungsten lamp, a red-sensitive phototube capable of operating at 830 nm and with
absorption cells that have a 5-cm light path.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.03 on
Elemental Analysis.
Current edition approved MayJan. 1, 2007.2011. Published June 2007.February 2011. Originally approved in 1973. Last previous edition approved in 20022007 as
D3231–02.D3231–07. DOI: 10.1520/D3231-07.10.1520/D3231-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3231 – 11
5.7 Thermometer,ASTM 34C or 34F, range from 25 to 105°C (77 to 221°F). ,ASTM 34C or 34F, range from 25 to 105°C (77
to 221°F).
NOTE 2—Other temperature measuring devices, such as thermocouples or resistance thermometers, may be used when the temperature readings
obtained by these devices are determined to produce the same results that are obtained when mercury-in-glass thermometers are used. The precision and
bias given in Section 12 may or may not apply in such cases since the published precision is based on an interlaboratory study w
...
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