ASTM E1329-10

Standard Practice for Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2019)

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Consistency in analysis depends on being aware of a significant change in instrumental response, such as that caused by drift or changes in analytical precision, or both, and taking corrective action. The usual corrective action for drift is standardization. Standardization, however, when there is no real need, can only broaden the spread of subsequent analyses. One purpose of this practice is to set guidelines that will avoid “unnecessary standardization.”
To control manufacturing processes, there must be confidence that a consistent material is being produced and that the analysis of the material is reliable. For assurance that the material meets specification, a purchaser may require the supporting record of control charts to assess that proper analytical control has been maintained.
Ideally, variations in analytical results may be held to chance causes. The concept of a confidence interval or limits on a control chart is based on what can be expected when all normal precautions are exercised. When results appear to go out of control, the analyst should consider and correct what might be an assignable cause. As experience is accumulated, however, it may not seem unusual for readings to drift with time as optics degrade, detector response changes, or excitations conditions change, for example, when deposits build up on a counter electrode (a correctable assignable cause), or the longer range effects as an X-ray tube deteriorates.
SCOPE
1.1 This practice covers procedures for determining if a spectrochemical analysis is under statistical control.
1.2 Criteria are presented for determining when corrective action is required.  
1.3 Control will be effected by using verifiers to test instrument response. It is recommended, although not required, that this be accompanied by the plotting of control charts.
1.4 The preparation of control charts is described.
1.5 Limitations—The procedures that are described do not apply to analyses that require a calibration each time a set of analyses is run. Reference is made specifically to atomic emission spectrometry, but the practice has a more general application.
1.6 This practice does not apply to validation procedures that monitor the correctness of calibration.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This practice covered procedures for determining if a spectrochemical analysis is under statistical control.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee E01 on Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials, this practice was withdrawn in January 2019 in accordance with section 10.6.3 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.

General Information

• Status: Withdrawn
• Publication Date: 30-Sep-2010
• Withdrawal Date: 15-Jan-2019
• ICS: 71.040.50 - Physicochemical methods of analysis
• Technical Committee: E01 - Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Drafting Committee: E01.22 - Laboratory Quality

Relations

• Referred By: ASTM B954-23 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Magnesium and Magnesium Alloys by Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E305-21 - Standard Practice for Establishing and Controlling Spark Atomic Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2823-17 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (Performance-Based)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2371-21a - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Direct Current Plasma and Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Test Methodology)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2093-12(2016) - Standard Guide for Optimizing, Controlling and Assessing Test Method Uncertainties from Multiple Workstations in the Same Laboratory Organization
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E3346-22 - Standard Guide for Combustion, Inert Gas Fusion and Hot Extraction Instruments for use in Analyzing Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2994-21 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium and Titanium Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry and Glow Discharge Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2972-15(2019) - Standard Guide for Production, Testing, and Value Assignment of In-House Reference Materials for Metals, Ores, and Other Related Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1086-22 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Austenitic Stainless Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E3047-22 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1621-22 - Standard Guide for Elemental Analysis by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1999-23 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Cast Iron by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2209-22 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of High Manganese Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E539-19 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Titanium Alloys by Wavelength Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM A751-21 - Standard Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis of Steel Products
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E2594-20 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance-Based)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1834-18 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Nickel Alloys by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E3061-17 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (Performance Based Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E415-21 - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E1251-17a - Standard Test Method for Analysis of Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys by Spark Atomic Emission Spectrometry
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM E882-10(2016)e1 - Standard Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:E1329 −10
Standard Practice for
Verification and Use of Control Charts in Spectrochemical
1
Analysis
This standard is issued under the fixed designation E1329; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.2 Other ASTM Documents:
MNL 7A Manual on Presentation of Data and Control Chart
1.1 This practice covers procedures for determining if a
4
Analysis
spectrochemical analysis is under statistical control.
1.2 Criteria are presented for determining when corrective
3. Terminology
action is required.
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of terms used in this
1.3 Control will be effected by using verifiers to test
practice, refer to Terminologies E135 and E456 and Practice
instrumentresponse.Itisrecommended,althoughnotrequired,
E876. Refer also to the glossary of terms and symbols
that this be accompanied by the plotting of control charts.
appearing in MNL 7A.
1.4 The preparation of control charts is described.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
1.5 Limitations—The procedures that are described do not
3.2.1 control limits—in control charts, the upper and lower
apply to analyses that require a calibration each time a set of
limits of a statistic that are not expected to be exceeded,
analyses is run. Reference is made specifically to atomic
designated as UCL and LCL respectively in this practice. For
emission spectrometry, but the practice has a more general
the statistic that is the average of more than one reading or
application.
determination, the upper and lower limits will be equidistant
from a central line (CL) representing the expected average. For
1.6 This practice does not apply to validation procedures
the statistic of either standard deviation or range, the upper
that monitor the correctness of calibration.
limit will be farther from the central line if the lower limit is
zero.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2.2 normalization—a procedure for correcting readings to
E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for
a common basis. A special case of normalization is standard-
Metals, Ores, and Related Materials
ization in which readings are made to conform to an existing
E158 Practice for Fundamental Calculations to Convert
calibration. Normalization permits gathering data in different
Intensities into Concentrations in Optical Emission Spec-
periods of time and correcting for drift in a way that may be
3
trochemical Analysis (Withdrawn 2004)
independent of standardization routines.
E305 Practice for Establishing and Controlling Atomic
3.2.3 variation—difference in an observed value from an
Emission Spectrochemical Analytical Curves
accepted value.
E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics
3.2.3.1 assignable cause—variation which can be identified
E876 Practice for Use of Statistics in the Evaluation of
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and corrected. It may be the result of a condition of an
Spectrometric Data (Withdrawn 2003)
instrument or a method of operation. For example, signal
intensities may be affected because a spectrometer is not
1
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee E01 on Analytical profiled properly.
Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials and is the direct responsibility of
3.2.3.2 chance or common cause—random variation which
Subcommittee E01.22 on Laboratory Quality.
consistently affects a system, contributing to the imprecision in
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
approved in 1990. Last previous edition approved in 2003 as E1329 – 00 (2003).
a predictable way. In the application of control charts, the
DOI: 10.1520/E1329-10.
assumption is made that chance causes of variation are
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
normally distributed.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
3
The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
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www.astm.org. ASTM Manual Series, ASTM, 7th edition, 2002.
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E1329−10
4. Significance and Use achieve the best normalization of data, readings should be
recorded for all elements of interest on every standardant and
4.1 Consistency in analysis depends on being aware of a
verifier, even if there is no knowledge of expected concentra-
significantchangeininstrumentalresponse,suchasthatcaused
tions. Unless
...