ASTM D5219-15

Standard Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing

SCOPE
1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology related to the body dimensions for apparel sizing.  
1.2 For definitions of other textile terms, refer to Terminology D123.  
1.3 The terms are listed in alphabetical order regardless of whether they are horizontal or vertical measurements. The three dimensional Avatars were created by Alvanon Inc. See Figs. 1-19.  
1.4 The term “height” has been designated for vertical measurements.  
1.5 The term “length” has been designated for contour measurements.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Feb-2015
• ICS: 01.040.61 - Clothing industry (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 61.020 - Clothes
• Technical Committee: D13 - Textiles
• Drafting Committee: D13.55 - Body Measurement for Apparel Sizing

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D5219-09e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing
• Effective Date: 15-Feb-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2017
• Refers: ASTM D123-15b - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-15 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2015
• Refers: ASTM D123-13ae1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-13a - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jun-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-May-2013
• Refers: ASTM D123-12e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2012
• Refers: ASTM D123-12 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2012
• Refers: ASTM D123-09e1 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2009
• Refers: ASTM D123-09 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2009
• Refers: ASTM D123-09e2 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 15-Jan-2009
• Refers: ASTM D123-07 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2007
• Refers: ASTM D123-03 - Standard Terminology Relating to Textiles
• Effective Date: 10-Feb-2003

Overview

ASTM D5219-15: Standard Terminology Relating to Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing defines a comprehensive set of standardized terms and definitions essential for apparel sizing and garment construction. Published by ASTM International, this terminology standard establishes uniform language for describing human body measurements-an essential foundation for consistent apparel size designation and fit. The standard supports a wide range of applications, including garment manufacturing, anthropometric surveys, fashion design, and clothing retail, facilitating improved communication throughout global supply chains.

Key Topics

• Standardized Terminology for Body Dimensions: Provides precise definitions for anatomical landmarks and measurement points such as acromion, armpit, back-break point, cervicale, crotch, crown, hip, knee, waist, shoulder joint, and many more.
• Measurement Techniques: Specifies distinctions between different types of measurements:
  • Height refers to vertical measurements, such as cervicale height, crotch height, or total body height.
  • Length applies to contour measurements, such as arm length, center back waist length, and side waist length.
• Anatomical and Anthropometric Definitions: Includes clear descriptions for standardized measurement protocols:
  • For adults and infants
  • For specific areas (e.g., girth, width, circumference, length, and height)
• Garment Construction Terms: Covers common industry terminology, such as armhole, armscye, sizing system, preferred pant waist, and pitch (bottoms).
• Alphabetical Organization: All body dimension terms are listed in alphabetical order, ensuring ease of reference regardless of measurement direction.

Applications

The ASTM D5219-15 standard is widely used across multiple sectors in the apparel and textile industries, including:

• Apparel Design and Manufacturing: Enables consistent and accurate body measurements, critical for apparel pattern making, grading, and mass production.
• Quality Assurance in Fashion: Supports uniform garment sizing, helping brands minimize returns due to fit issues and maintain customer satisfaction.
• Anthropometric Surveys and Research: Provides standardized definitions for body dimensions, essential for collecting reliable, comparable anthropometric data worldwide.
• Retail and E-commerce: Facilitates clear, standardized sizing information for online clothing sales, reducing ambiguity for consumers and improving online fit guidance.
• Global Sourcing and Communication: Enhances alignment between international partners, suppliers, and manufacturers through shared terminology.
• Special Cases: Offers guidance for taking specific measurements for infants, recognizing the unique requirements in children’s apparel sizing.

Related Standards

For consistency and broader application, ASTM D5219-15 references several key standards:

• ASTM D123: Terminology Relating to Textiles – A foundational resource for general textile terms.
• ISO 3635: Size Designation of Clothes; Definitions and Body Measurement Procedures – An international reference for size labeling and measurement.
• ISO 8559: Garment Construction and Anthropometric Surveys-Body Dimensions – Global guidelines for apparel construction and anthropometric methodology.

Practical Value

The adoption of ASTM D5219-15 ensures:

• Improved communication and understanding between apparel brands, manufacturers, and researchers.
• Accurate apparel sizing systems, reducing fit-related returns and increasing consumer confidence.
• Enhanced ability to compare and utilize anthropometric data for product development and sizing standards worldwide.

For professionals in apparel design, manufacturing, retail, and research, this standardized terminology lays the groundwork for efficient, accurate, and globally consistent body measurement for apparel sizing.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5219 − 15
Standard Terminology Relating to
Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5219; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope apex, n—the greatest protrusion of the breast as seen from the
side.
1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology related to
the body dimensions for apparel sizing.
armpit, n—the hollow under the junction of the arm and the
1.2 For definitions of other textile terms, refer to Terminol- shoulder. (See Fig. 1.)
ogy D123.
back-break point, n—the location on the back of the torso
1.3 The terms are listed in alphabetical order regardless of
where the arm separates from the body (See Fig. 2.)
whether they are horizontal or vertical measurements. The
cervicale, n—the prominent point of the seventh or lowest
three dimensional Avatars were created by Alvanon Inc. See
neck vertebra at the back of the torso.
Figs. 1-19.
DISCUSSION—The cervicale is identified by being more prominent
1.4 The term “height” has been designated for vertical
when the head is bent forward. However, cervicale height measure-
measurements.
ments are made only when the head is erect. (See Fig. 2.)
1.5 The term “length” has been designated for contour
crotch, n—the lowest point of the torso where the legs
measurements.
separate. (See Fig. 1.)
2. Referenced Documents
crown, n—the top of the head. (See Fig. 1.)
2.1 ASTM Standards:
elbow, n—the joint that articulates between the upper arm and
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
3 the lower arm. (See Fig. 1.)
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 3635 Size Designation of Clothes, Definitions and Body
forearm, n—The distal region of the arm between the elbow
Measurement Procedures
and the wrist. (See Fig. 1.)
ISO 8559 Garment Construction and Anthropometric
front-break point, n—the location on the front of the torso
Surveys—Body Dimensions
where the arm separates from the torso. (See Fig. 1.)
3. Terminology
hip, n—the laterally projecting region formed by the lateral
3.1 Anatomy:
parts of the pelvis and the upper part of the femur together
with the flesh covering them. (See Fig. 1.)
acromion, n—that part of the shoulder blade located at the end
of the spine, which articulates with the collarbone. (See also
knee, n—the joint between the lower and upper leg. (See Fig.
shoulder joint.) (See Fig. 2.)
1.)
ankle, n—the joint between the foot and the lower leg. (See
shoulder joint, n—the juncture of the collarbone and the
Fig. 1.)
shoulder blade.
DISCUSSION—The outer end of the collarbone or clavicle pivots
against the acromion that in turn pivots against the humerus or upper
ThisterminologyisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.55 on Body Measurement for arm bone in the arm. These bones form the shoulder girdle. (See also
Apparel Sizing.
acromion.) (See Fig. 2.)
Current edition approved Feb. 15, 2015. Published April 2015. Originally
ε1
approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 2009 as D5219 – 09 . DOI:
waist, n—the part of the torso at the location between the
10.1520/D5219-15.
lowest rib and hip identified by bending the torso to the side.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
(See Fig. 1.)
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
preferred waist, n—the part of the torso as identified as the
the ASTM website.
waistbythewearerasapplicabletobottomgarments.(SeeFig.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. 1.)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5219 − 15
FIG. 1 Anatomy
FIG. 2 Upper Back Anatomy
wrist,n—the joint that articulates between the end of the lower 3.2 Anthropometry:
arm and the hand. (See Fig. 1.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 3 Body Measurements
body measurements, n—a standardized distance between two ankle height, n—the vertical distance from the prominence of
specified points on the human anatomy. the outer ankle bone to the floor, taken with subject standing
DISCUSSION—Body measurements generally are based on standard-
and without shoes. (See Fig. 7.)
ized values from statistical studies of large populations.
ankle height (infant special case), n— the straight distance
3.3 Body Measurements:
from the prominence of the outer ankle bone to the soles of the
across back shoulder width,n—the horizontal distance across
feet, taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and
the back from the top of one shoulder joint to the top of the
the foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg.
other shoulder joint, taken with the arms down. (See Fig.
arm length, n—the distance from the top of the shoulder joint
11.)
along the outside of the arm over the elbow to the prominent
across front shoulder width,n—thehorizontaldistanceacross
wrist bone, taken with the arm bent (1.57 rad or 90°) and the
the front from the top of one shoulder joint to the top of the
hand placed on the hip. (See Fig. 15.)
other shoulder joint, taken with the arms down. (See Fig.
12.)
armscye girth, n—the circumference taken from the shoulder
joint through the front break-point, the armpit, the back
ankle girth, n—the maximum horizontal circumference of the
break-point and to the starting point, taken with the arms
ankle, taken over the greatest prominence of the anklebones.
down. (See Fig. 3.)
(See Fig. 3.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 4 Upper Body Meaurements
back width, n—the horizontal distance across the back from cervicale to crotch height, n—the vertical distance from the
back break-point to back break-point over the shoulder prominent point of the seventh or lowest neck vertebra at the
blades, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 11.) back of the torso to the lowest point of the torso where the
legs separate. (See Fig. 7.)
body weight, n—the weight as measured on a calibrated scale
cervicale to knee height, n—the vertical distance from the
taken with the subject in undergarments.
cervicale to a point level with the midpoint of the back of the
calf girth, n—the maximum horizontal circumference of the
knee (or crease). (See Fig. 7.)
lower leg, taken between the knee and the ankle. (See Fig.
cervicale to knee height (infant special case), n—the straight
3.)
distance from the cervicale to a point level with the midpoint
center back waist length, n—the distance from the cervicale
of the back of the knee (or crease), taken with subject lying
to the center back waist level, taken along the spine
down flat with legs extended.
(contour). (See Fig. 9.)
cervicale to wrist length, n—the distance from the cervicale
over the top of the shoulder joint, along the outside of the
center front waist length, n—the distance from the center
front neck base line to the center front waist level (contour). arm, over the elbow to the prominent wrist bone, taken with
the arm bent 1.57 rad (90°) and the hand placed on the hip.
(See Fig. 8.)
(See Fig. 13.)
cervicale height, n—the vertical distance from the cervicale to
chest/bust point to bust point (halter), n—the horizontal
thefloor,takenwithsubjectstandingandwithoutshoes.(See
distance from chest/bust apex around the back of the neck to
Fig. 7.)
bust apex, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 10.)
cervicale height (infant special case), n—the straight dis-
tance from the cervicale to the soles of the feet, taken with chest/bust point to bust point, n—the horizontal distance
subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned from chest/bust apex to chest/bust apex, taken with the arms
at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. down. (See Fig. 10.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 5 Contour Body Meaurements
chest/bust girth, n—the horizontal circumference around the elbow girth, n—the maximum circumference of the elbow,
torso, taken under the arms and across the fullest part of the taken over the outer prominence of the elbow bone with the
chest/bust apex including the lower portion of the shoulder
arm bent 1.57 rad (90°). (See Fig. 3.)
blades. (See Fig. 3.)
foot length, n—the straight distance from the prominence of
crotch height, n—the vertical distance from the midpoint of
the back of the heel to the prominence of the longest toe,
the crotch to the floor, taken with the subject standing and
taken with the foot on a flat surface without shoes (use
without shoes. (See Fig. 6.)
stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 19.)
crotch height (infant special case), n—the straight distance
foot width, n—the straight distance from one side of the foot
from the midpoint of the crotch to the soles of the feet, taken
to the other side at the widest part, taken with the subject
with subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot
positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg. standing and without shoes (use stable, flat ruler). (See Fig.
19.)
crotch length (total), n—the distance from waist level at the
center front, through the crotch and to the waist level at the
forearm girth, n—the maximum circumference of the arm,
center back, avoiding constriction at the crotch. (See Fig.
taken between the elbow and the wrist. (See Fig. 3.)
16.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 6 Vertical Body Meaurements
front chest width, n—the horizontal distance across the chest head and neck length (infant special case), n—the distance
from front break-point to front break-point, taken with the from the crown of the head to the cervicale (contour), taken
arms down.(See Fig. 10.) with the head erect and the neck unbent, with subject lying
down flat with legs extended.
hand girth, n—the maximum circumference of the hand
around the knuckles excluding the thumb, taken with the
head girth, n—the maximum horizontal circumference of the
fingers together. (See Fig. 18.)
head above the ears. (See Fig. 3.)
hand length, n—the straight distance from the prominence of
height, n—the vertical distance from the crown of the head to
the longest finger to the inner wrist bone, taken across the
thefloor,takenwithsubjectstandingandwithoutshoes.(See
palm of the hand with fingers together and palm flat (use a
Fig. 6.)
stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 17.)
height(infantspecialcase),n—thestraightdistancefromthe
top of the head to the soles of the feet, taken while subject is
hand width, n—the maximum width across the palm of the
lying down flat with legs exten
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D5219 − 09 D5219 − 15
Standard Terminology Relating to
Body Dimensions for Apparel Sizing
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5219; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorial corrections were made to some of the Figure references in August 2014.
1. Scope
1.1 This standard is a compilation of terminology related to the body dimensions for necessary apparel sizing.
1.2 For definitions of other textile terms, refer to Terminology D123.
1.3 The terms are listed in alphabetical order regardless of whether they are horizontal or vertical measurements. The three
dimensional Avatars were created by Alvanon Inc. See Figs. 1-1819.
1.4 The term “height” has been designated for vertical measurements.
1.5 The term “length” has been designated for contour measurements.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
2.2 ISO Standards:
ISO 3635 Size Designation of Clothes, Definitions and Body Measurement Procedures
ISO 8559 Garment Construction and Anthropometric Surveys—Body Dimensions
3. Terminology
3.1 Anatomy:
acromion, n—that part of the shoulder blade located at the end of the spine, which articulates with the collarbone. (See also
shoulder joint.) (See Fig. 2.)
ankle, n—the joint between the foot and the lower leg. (See Fig. 1.)
apex, n—the greatest protrusion of the breast as seen from the side.
armpit, n—the hollow under the junction of the arm and the shoulder. (See Fig. 1.)
back-break point, n—the location on the back of the torso where the arm separates from the body (See Fig. 2.)
cervicale, n—the prominent point of the seventh or lowest neck vertebra at the back of the torso.
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.55 on Body Measurement for
Apparel Sizing.
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2009Feb. 15, 2015. Published March 2009April 2015. Originally approved in 1992. Last previous edition approved in 20072009 as
ε1
D5219 – 07a.D5219 – 09 . DOI: 10.1520/D5219-09E01.10.1520/D5219-15.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036.
DISCUSSION—
The cervicale is identified by being more prominent when the head is bent forward; however,forward. However, cervicale height measurements are
made only when the head is erect. (See Fig. 2.)
crotch, n—the lowest point of the torso where the legs separate. (See Fig. 1.)
crown, n—the top of the head. (See Fig. 1.)
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D5219 − 15
FIG. 1 Body MeasurementsAnatomy
FIG. 2 Upper Back MeasurementsAnatomy
elbow, n—the joint that articulates between the upper arm and the lower arm. (See Fig. 1.)
forearm, n—The distal region of the arm between the elbow and the wrist. (See Fig. 1.)
front-break point, n—the location on the front of the torso where the arm separates from the torso. (See Fig. 1.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 3 Body Measurements
hip, n—the laterally projecting region formed by the lateral parts of the pelvis and the upper part of the femur together with the
flesh covering them. (See Fig. 1.)
knee, n—the joint between the lower and upper leg. (See Fig. 1.)
shoulder joint, n—the juncture of the collarbone and the shoulder blade.
DISCUSSION—
The outer end of the collarbone or clavicle pivots against the acromion whichthat in turn pivots against the humerus or upper arm bone in the arm.
These bones form the shoulder girdle. (See also acromion.) (See Fig. 2.)
waist, n—the part of the torso at the location between the lowest rib and hip identified by bending the torso to the side. (See Fig.
1.)
preferred waist, n—the part of the torso as identified as the waist by the wearer as applicable to bottom garments. (See Fig. 1.)
wrist, n—the joint that articulates between the end of the lower arm and the hand. (See Fig. 1.)
3.2 Anthropometry:
body measurements, n—a standardized distance between two specified points on the human anatomy.
DISCUSSION—
D5219 − 15
FIG. 4 Upper Body Meaurements
Body measurements generally are based on standardized values from statistical studies of large populations.
3.3 Body Measurements:
across back shoulder width, n—the horizontal distance across the back from the top of one shoulder joint to the top of the other
shoulder joint, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 1011.)
across front shoulder width, n—the horizontal distance across the front from the top of one shoulder joint to the top of the other
shoulder joint, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 1112.)
ankle girth, n—the maximum horizontal circumference of the ankle, taken over the greatest prominence of the anklebones. (See
Fig. 3.)
ankle height, n—the vertical distance from the prominence of the outer ankle bone to the floor, taken with subject standing and
without shoes. (See Fig. 67.)
ankle height (infant special case), n— the straight distance from the prominence of the outer ankle bone to the soles of the feet,
taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended and the foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg.
arm length, n—the distance from the top of the shoulder joint along the outside of the arm over the elbow to the prominent wrist
bone, taken with the arm bent (1.57 rad or 90°) and the hand placed on the hip. (See Fig. 1115.)
armscye girth, n—the circumference taken from the shoulder joint through the front break-point, the armpit, the back break-point
and to the starting point, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 3.)
back width, n—the horizontal distance across the back from back break-point to back break-point over the shoulder blades, taken
with the arms down. (See Fig. 1011.)
body weight, n—the weight as measured on a calibrated scale taken with the subject in undergarments.
D5219 − 15
FIG. 5 UpperContour Body Meaurements
bust point to bust point (halter), n— the horizontal distance from bust apex around the back of the neck to bust apex, taken with
the arms down. (See Fig. 9.)
bust point to bust point, n—the horizontal distance from bust apex to bust apex, taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 9.)
calf girth, n—the maximum horizontal circumference of the lower leg, taken between the knee and the ankle. (See Fig. 3.)
center back waist length, n—the distance from the cervicale to the center back waist level, taken along the spine (contour). (See
Fig. 89.)
center front waist length, n—the distance from the center front neck base line to the center front waist level (contour). (See Fig.
78.)
cervicale height, n—the vertical distance from the cervicale to the floor, taken with subject standing and without shoes. (See Fig.
67.)
cervicale height (infant special case), n—the straight distance from the cervicale to the soles of the feet, taken with subject lying
down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg.
cervicale to crotch height, n—the vertical distance from the prominent point of the seventh or lowest neck vertebra at the back
of the torso to the lowest point of the torso where the legs separate. (See Fig. 7.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 6 Vertical Body Meaurements
cervicale to knee height, n—the vertical distance from the cervicale to a point level with the midpoint of the back of the knee
(or crease). (See Fig. 67.)
cervicale to knee height (infant special case), n—the straight distance from the cervicale to a point level with the midpoint of
the back of the knee (or crease), taken with subject lying down flat with legs extended.
cervicale to wrist length, n—the distance from the cervicale over the top of the shoulder joint, along the outside of the arm, over
the elbow to the prominent wrist bone, taken with the arm bent 1.57 rad (90°) and the hand placed on the hip. (See Fig. 1213.)
chest/bust point to bust point (halter), n—the horizontal distance from chest/bust apex around the back of the neck to bust apex,
taken with the arms down. (See Fig. 10.)
chest/bust point to bust point, n—the horizontal distance from chest/bust apex to chest/bust apex, taken with the arms down. (See
Fig. 10.)
chest/bust girth, n—the horizontal circumference around the torso, taken under the arms and across the fullest part of the
chest/bust apex including the lower portion of the shoulder blades. (See Fig. 3.)
crotch height, n—the vertical distance from the midpoint of the crotch to the floor, taken with the subject standing and without
shoes. (See Fig. 56.)
crotch height (infant special case), n—the straight distance from the midpoint of the crotch to the soles of the feet, taken with
subject lying down flat with legs extended and foot positioned at 1.57 rad (90°) to the leg.
D5219 − 15
FIG. 67 UpperVertical Body Meaurements
crotch length (total), n—the distance from waist level at the center front, through the crotch and to the waist level at the center
back, avoiding constriction at the crotch. (See Fig. 1516.)
elbow girth, n—the maximum circumference of the elbow, taken over the outer prominence of the elbow bone with the arm bent
1.57 rad (90°). (See Fig. 3.)
foot length, n—the straight distance from the prominence of the back of the heel to the prominence of the longest toe, taken with
the foot on a flat surface without shoes (use stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 1819.)
foot width, n—the straight distance from one side of the foot to the other side at the widest part, taken with the subject standing
and without shoes (use stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 1819.)
forearm girth, n—the maximum circumference of the arm, taken between the elbow and the wrist. (See Fig. 3.)
front chest width, n—the horizontal distance across the chest from front break-point to front break-point, taken with the arms
down.(See Fig. 910.)
hand girth, n—the maximum circumference of the hand around the knuckles excluding the thumb, taken with the fingers together.
(See Fig. 1718.)
D5219 − 15
FIG. 78 Center Front Waist Length
FIG. 89 Center Back Waist Length
hand length, n—the straight distance from the prominence of the longest finger to the inner wrist bone, taken across the palm of
the hand with fingers together and palm flat (use a stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 1617.)
hand width, n—the maximum width across the palm of the hand excluding the thumb, taken with fingers together and palm flat
(use a stable, flat ruler). (See Fig. 1617.)
head and neck length,height, n—the vertical distance from the crown of the head to the cervicale (contour), taken with the head
erect and the neck unbent. (See Fig. 67.)
head and neck length (infant special case), n—the distance from the crown of the head to the cervicale (contour), taken with
the head erect and the neck unbent, with subject lying down fl
...