ASTM D5716/D5716M-20

Standard Test Method for Measuring the Rate of Well Discharge by Circular Orifice Weir

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method provides design information for construction of an orifice weir. It also describes setup, operation, inspection, calculation of discharge, and reporting. The accuracy of a circular weir decreases at low flows. The use of a circular orifice weir requires a constant flow velocity over the period of measurement. The results may be affected by the piezometers distance from the orifice plate. This equipment may not be appropriate for measuring flows on small wells, or wells with limited recharge.  
5.2 Aquifer testing has been conducted for the purposes of production and pressure relief well design and water resource assessment. Production wells are used for public and industrial water supplies, hydraulic controls, and groundwater capture. Pressure relief wells are for hydraulic controls. Test wells are for the purpose of water resource assessment.  
5.3 Discharge must also be known for certain methods to evaluate well and pump performance.
Note 1: Practice D3740 provides evaluation factors for the activities in this standard. The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers construction and operation of a circular orifice weir for measuring the discharge from a well. This test method is a part of a series of standards prepared on the in situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by single- or multiple-well tests. Selection of a well discharge measurement test method is described in Guide D5737M.  
1.2 The discharge rate determined by this test method is commonly used for a number of aquifer test methods and to provide information for the evaluation of well and pump performance.  
1.3 Limitations—This test method is limited to the description of a method common to hydraulic engineering for the purpose of groundwater discharge measurement in temporary or test conditions.  
1.4 Much of the information presented in this test method is based on work performed by the Civil Engineering Department of Purdue University during the late 1940s. The essentials of that work have been presented in a pamphlet prepared by Layne-Bowler, Inc.2 and updated by Layne Western Company, Inc.3  
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall be conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026.  
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this document to consider significant digits sused analysis methods for engineering design.  
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of th...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 31-May-2020
• ICS: 93.025 - External water conveyance systems
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.21 - Groundwater and Vadose Zone Investigations

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D5716/D5716M −20
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Rate of Well Discharge by Circular Orifice
1
Weir
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5716/D5716M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be
1.1 This test method covers construction and operation of a
commensuratewiththeseconsiderations.Itisbeyondthescope
circular orifice weir for measuring the discharge from a well.
of this document to consider significant digits sused analysis
This test method is a part of a series of standards prepared on
methods for engineering design.
the in situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer
systems by single- or multiple-well tests. Selection of a well 1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-
discharge measurement test method is described in Guide pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The
D5737M. values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;
therefore,eachsystemshallbeusedindependentlyoftheother.
1.2 The discharge rate determined by this test method is
Combining values from the two systems may result in non-
commonly used for a number of aquifer test methods and to
conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in
provide information for the evaluation of well and pump
units other than SI shall not be regarded as nonconformance
performance.
with this standard.
1.3 Limitations—This test method is limited to the descrip-
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
tion of a method common to hydraulic engineering for the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
purpose of groundwater discharge measurement in temporary
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
or test conditions.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.4 Muchoftheinformationpresentedinthistestmethodis
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
basedonworkperformedbytheCivilEngineeringDepartment
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
of Purdue University during the late 1940s. The essentials of
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that work have been presented in a pamphlet prepared by
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
2
Layne-Bowler, Inc. and updated by LayneWestern Company,
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3
Inc.
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall be conform to
theguidelinesforsignificantdigitsandroundingestablishedin
2. Referenced Documents
Practice D6026.
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.5.1 Theproceduresusedtospecifyhowdataarecollected/
D653Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the
Fluids
industry standard. In addition they are representative of the
D3740Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
significant digits that should generally be retained. The proce-
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for
Used in Engineering Design and Construction
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
D5737MGuide for Methods for Measuring Well Discharge
D6026Practice for Using Significant Digits in Geotechnical
Data
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD18onSoiland
2.2 Other Documents:
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and
Vadose Zone Investigations.
GWPD10Estimatingdischargefromapumpingwellbyuse
Current edition approved June 1, 2020. Published June 2020. Originally
of a circular orifice weir, United States Geological Survey
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as D5716–15. DOI:
10.1520/D5716_D5716M-20.
2 4
Measurement of Water Flow Through Pipe Orifice With Free Discharge, For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Bulletin 501, Layne-Bowler, Inc., Mission, KS, 1958. contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Measurement of Water Flow Through Pipe Orifice With Free Discharge, Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Layne-Western Company, Inc., Mission, KS, 1988. th
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: D5716/D5716M − 15 D5716/D5716M − 20
Standard Test Method for
Measuring the Rate of Well Discharge by Circular Orifice
1
Weir
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5716/D5716M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers construction and operation of a circular orifice weir for measuring the discharge from a well. This
test method is a part of a series of standards prepared on the in situ determination of hydraulic properties of aquifer systems by
single- or multiple-well tests. Selection of a well discharge measurement test method is described in Guide D5737D5737M.
1.2 The discharge rate determined by this test method is commonly used for a number of aquifer test methods and to provide
information for the evaluation of well and pump performance.
1.3 Limitations—This test method is limited to the description of a method common to hydraulic engineering for the purpose
of groundwater discharge measurement in temporary or test conditions.
1.4 Much of the information presented in this test method is based on work performed by the Civil Engineering Department
of Purdue University during the late 1940s. The essentials of that work have been presented in a pamphlet prepared by
2 3
Layne-Bowler, Inc. and updated by Layne Western Company, Inc.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall be conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to be commensurate with these considerations.
It is beyond the scope of this document to consider significant digits sused analysis methods for engineering design.
1.6 Units—The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated
in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Reporting of test results in units other than SI shall not
be regarded as nonconformance with this standard.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
4
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.21 on Groundwater and Vadose
Zone Investigations.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2015June 1, 2020. Published December 2015June 2020. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20062015 as
D5716–95(2006)D5716, which was withdrawn July 2015 and reinstated in November 2015. DOI: 10.1520/D5716-15.–15. DOI: 10.1520/D5716_D5716M-20.
2
Measurement of Water Flow Through Pipe Orifice With Free Discharge, Bulletin 501, Layne-Bowler, Inc., Mission, KS, 1958.
3
Measurement of Water Flow Through Pipe Orifice With Free Discharge, Layne-Western Company, Inc., Mission, KS, 1988.
4
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the
...