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ASTM B213-03

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders

Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The rate and uniformity of die cavity filling are related to flow properties, which thus influence production rates and uniformity of compacted parts.
The ability of a powder to flow is a function of interparticle friction. As interparticle friction increases, flow is slowed. Fine powders may not flow.
Humidity and moisture content influence flow rate. Wet or moist powders may not flow.
This test method may be part of the purchase agreement between powder manufacturers and powder metallurgy (P/M) part producers, or it can be an internal quality control test by either the producer or the end user.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flow rate of metal powders and is suitable only for those powders that will flow unaided through the specified apparatus.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard (except for the flowmeter funnel, which is fabricated in inch-pound units). The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Sep-2003
ICS
77.160 - Powder metallurgy
Technical Committee
B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
Drafting Committee
B09.02 - Base Metal Powders
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B213-97 - Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Replaced By
ASTM B213-11 - Standard Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Hall Flowmeter Funnel
Effective Date
15-Nov-2011
Referred By
ASTM F3056-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N06625) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3184-16 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Stainless Steel Alloy (UNS S31603) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3607-22 - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing – Finished Part Properties – Maraging Steel via Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM B964-23 - Standard Test Methods for Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Carney Funnel
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3055-14a(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3456-22 - Standard Guide for Powder Reuse Schema in Powder Bed Fusion Processes for Medical Applications for Additive Manufacturing Feedstock Materials
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F2924-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed Fusion
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM F3049-14(2021) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Properties of Metal Powders Used for Additive Manufacturing Processes
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003
Referred By
ASTM B855-22 - Standard Test Method for Volumetric Flow Rate of Metal Powders Using the Arnold Meter and Hall Flowmeter Funnel
Effective Date
01-Oct-2003

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ASTM B213-03 - Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal PowdersASTM B213-03 - Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders
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ASTM B213-03 - Standard Test Method for Flow Rate of Metal Powders
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Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B213–03
Standard Test Method for
1
Flow Rate of Metal Powders
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B213; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope 5. Significance and Use
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the flow 5.1 The rate and uniformity of die cavity filling are related
rate of metal powders and is suitable only for those powders to flow properties, which thus influence production rates and
that will flow unaided through the specified apparatus. uniformity of compacted parts.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the 5.2 The ability of a powder to flow is a function of
standard (except for the flowmeter funnel, which is fabricated interparticle friction.As interparticle friction increases, flow is
in inch-pound units). The values given in parentheses are for slowed. Fine powders may not flow.
information only. 5.3 Humidity and moisture content influence flow rate. Wet
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the or moist powders may not flow.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the 5.4 This test method may be part of the purchase agreement
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro- between powder manufacturers and powder metallurgy (P/M)
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica- part producers, or it can be an internal quality control test by
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. either the producer or the end user.
2. Referenced Documents 6. Apparatus
2 3
2.1 ASTM Standards: 6.1 Powder Flowmeter Funnel —A flowmeter funnel (Fig.
B215 Practices for Sampling Metal Powders 1) having a calibrated orifice of 0.10 in. (2.54 mm) in diameter.
B243 Terminology of Powder Metallurgy
NOTE 1—The dimensions shown for the flowmeter funnel, including
the orifice, are not to be considered controlling factors. Calibration with
3. Terminology
emery, as specified in Section 9, determines the working flow rate of the
3.1 Definitions —Definitions of powder metallurgy terms
funnel.
can be found in Terminology B243.
3
6.2 Stand —A stand (Fig. 2) to support the powder flow-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
meter funnel.
3.2.1 flow rate, n—the time required for a powder sample of
6.3 Base—A level, vibration free base to support the pow-
standard mass to flow through an orifice in a standard instru-
der flowmeter stand.
ment according to a specified procedure.
6.4 Timing Device—A stopwatch or other suitable device
capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 s.
4. Summary of Test Method
3
6.5 Chinese Emery —An emery powder used to calibrate
4.1 Aweighed mass (50.0 g) of metal powder is timed as it
the flowmeter funnel.
flows through the calibrated orifice of a funnel.
6.6 Balance—A balance suitable for weighing at least 50.0
g to the nearest 0.1 g.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
7. Sampling
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of B09.02 on
Base Metal Powders.
7.1 A quantity of powder sufficient to run the desired
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2003. Published October 2003. Originally
number of flow tests shall be obtained in accordance with
approved in 1946. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as B213 – 97. DOI:
Practices B215.
10.1520/B0213-03.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Theflowmeterfunnel,stand,andChineseemeryareavailablefromAcuPowder
the ASTM website. International, LLC.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B213–03
8. Preparation of Apparatus
8.1 Clean the funnel with clean dry toweling paper.
8.2 Clean the funnel orifice with a clean dry pipe cleaner.
9. Calibration of Apparatus
9.1 The manufacturer supplies the powder flowmeter funnel
calibrated as follows:
9.1.1 Heat an open glass jar of Chinese emery in a drying
oven at a temperature of 102° to 107°C (215° to 225°F) for 1
h.
9.1.2 Cool the emery to room temperature in a dessicator.
9.1.3 Follow the procedure outlined in steps 10.1.1-10.1.8 .
9.1.4 Repeat steps 10.1.2-10.1.8 using the identical 50.0 g
mass of emery for all the tests until 5 flow times, the extremes
of which shall not differ by more than 0.4 s, have been
recorded.
NOTE 2—T
...

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