ASTM C114-11a

Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement

ABSTRACT
These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Specific chemical test methods are grouped as reference test methods and alternative test methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements and are also required for referee analysis in those cases where conformance to chemical specification requirements are questioned. Apparatus and materials for the test method include balance, weights, glassware and laboratory containers, desiccators, filter paper, crucibles, and muffle furnace. Standard reagents for the test method shall be used within the limits of the specification. These reagents shall include purity agents, water, repackaged reagents, concentrated acids and ammonium hydroxide, nonstandardized solutions, and indicator solutions. Sample preparation and general test procedures shall be followed according to the specification. General procedures include sample weighing, taring of crucibles, weighing of ignited residues, volatilization of platinum, chemical analyses, and calculation. Reporting of analyses shall be of the following order: major components, minor components, and separate determinations. Reference test methods and procedures include determination of insoluble residue, silicon dioxide, ammonium hydroxide group, ferric oxide, phosphorus pentoxide, titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, sulfur, loss on ignition, sodium and potassium oxides, manganic oxide, chloride, chloroform-soluble organic substances. Alternative test methods and procedures include determination of calcium oxide, calcium dioxide, magnesium oxide, loss on ignition, titanium dioxide, phosphorus pentoxide, manganic oxide, and free calcium oxide. The standardization used for qualification and for analysis of each constituent shall be determined by valid curve-fitting procedures.
SCOPE
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as explained in Section 3. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test methods generally provide individual determination of specific analytes and may be used alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 31-Mar-2011
• ICS: 91.100.10 - Cement. Gypsum. Lime. Mortar
• Technical Committee: C01 - Cement
• Drafting Committee: C01.23 - Compositional Analysis

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM C114-11 - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Replaced By: ASTM C114-11b - Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2011
• Referred By: ASTM E2060-22 - Standard Guide for Use of Coal Combustion Products for Solidification/Stabilization of Inorganic Wastes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1240-20 - Standard Specification for Silica Fume Used in Cementitious Mixtures
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1905/C1905M-23 - Standard Specification for Cements that Require Carbonation Curing
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1707-18 - Standard Specification for Pozzolanic Hydraulic Lime for Structural Purposes
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C786/C786M-17 - Standard Test Method for Fineness of Hydraulic Cement and Raw Materials by the 300-μm (No. 50), 150-μm (No. 100), and 75-μm (No. 200) Sieves by Wet Methods
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C989/C989M-22 - Standard Specification for Slag Cement for Use in Concrete and Mortars
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1365-18 - Standard Test Method for Determination of the Proportion of Phases in Portland Cement and Portland-Cement Clinker Using X-Ray Powder Diffraction Analysis
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1524-20 - Standard Test Method for Water-Extractable Chloride in Aggregate (Soxhlet Method)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1778-22 - Standard Guide for Reducing the Risk of Deleterious Alkali-Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1697-21 - Standard Specification for Blended Supplementary Cementitious Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1875-18 - Standard Practice for Determination of Major and Minor Elements in Aqueous Pore Solutions of Cementitious Pastes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-OES)
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C1038/C1038M-19 - Standard Test Method for Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Mortar Bars Stored in Water
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011
• Referred By: ASTM C183/C183M-23 - Standard Practice for Sampling and the Amount of Testing of Hydraulic Cement
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2011

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: C114 – 11a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
13 Aluminum Oxide
14 Calcium Oxide
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of
15 Magnesium Oxide
hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated accept-
16 Sulfur
16.1 Sulfur Trioxide
able precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic
16.2 Sulfide
cements, including analyses for referee and certification pur-
17 Loss On Ignition
poses, as explained in Section 3. Specific chemical test 17.1 Portland Cement
17.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
methodsareprovidedforeaseofreferenceforthosedesiringto
18 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
use them. They are grouped as Reference Test Methods and
18.1 Total Alkalis
Alternative Test Methods. The reference test methods are long
18.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
19 Manganic Oxide
accepted classical chemical test methods which provide a
20 Chloride
reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hy-
21 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
drauliccements.Thealternativetestmethodsgenerallyprovide Alternative Test Methods
22 Calcium Oxide
individual determination of specific analytes and may be used
23 Carbon Dioxide
alone or as alternates and determinations within the basic
24 Magnesium Oxide
scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the 25 Loss on Ignition
25.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
individual method.
26 Titanium Dioxide
1.2 Contents:
27 Phosphorus Pentoxide
28 Manganic Oxide
29 Free Calcium Oxide
Section Subject
Appendices Title
2 Referenced Documents
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
3 Description of Referee Analyses
for the Chloride Determination
3.1 Referee Analyses
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
4 Qualification for Different Analyses
4.1 Certified Reference Materials
4.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
4.3 Alternative Analyses
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
4.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
standard.
5 General
5.1 Interferences and Limitations
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.2 Apparatus and Materials
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.3 Reagents
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
5.4 Sample Preparation
5.5 General Procedures
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
5.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use. See 7.3.2.1 and
Reference Test Methods
6 Insoluble Residue 15.4.1 for specific caution statements.
7 Silicon Dioxide
7.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
2. Referenced Documents
7.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
8 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
9 Ferric Oxide
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone,
10 Phosphorus Pentoxide
Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
11 Titanium Dioxide
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
12 Zinc Oxide
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to
Determine Conformance with Specifications
1
These test methods are under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C01 on
CementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositional
Analysis.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved April 1, 2011. Published May 2011. Originally
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 2011 as C114-11. DOI:
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/C0114-11A.
the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 – 11a
A
TABLE 1 Maximum Permissible Variations in Results
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance
of Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers (Column 3)
(Column 2) Maximum
E350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel,
Maximum Difference of the
(Column 1)
Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and
Difference Average of
Analyte
Wrought Iron Between Duplicates from
B
Duplicates CRM Certificate
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision
C,D,B
Values
Mass Standa
...

This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:C114–11 Designation: C114 – 11a
Standard Test Methods for
1
Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C114; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analyses of hydraulic cements. Any test methods of demonstrated acceptable
precision and bias may be used for analysis of hydraulic cements, including analyses for referee and certification purposes, as
explained in Section 3. Specific chemical test methods are provided for ease of reference for those desiring to use them. They are
groupedasReferenceTestMethodsandAlternativeTestMethods.Thereferencetestmethodsarelongacceptedclassicalchemical
test methods which provide a reasonably well-integrated basic scheme of analysis for hydraulic cements. The alternative test
methodsgenerallyprovideindividualdeterminationofspecificanalytesandmaybeusedaloneorasalternatesanddeterminations
within the basic scheme at the option of the analyst and as indicated in the individual method.
1.2 Contents:
Section Subject
2 Referenced Documents
3 Description of Referee Analyses
3.1 Referee Analyses
4 Qualification for Different Analyses
4.1 Certified Reference Materials
4.2 Requirements for Qualification Testing
4.3 Alternative Analyses
4.4 Performance Requirements for Rapid Test Methods
5 General
5.1 Interferences and Limitations
5.2 Apparatus and Materials
5.3 Reagents
5.4 Sample Preparation
5.5 General Procedures
5.6 Recommended Order for Reporting Analyses
Reference Test Methods
6 Insoluble Residue
7 Silicon Dioxide
7.2 Cements with Insoluble Residue Less Than 1 %
7.3 Cements with Insoluble Residue Greater Than 1 %
8 Ammonium Hydroxide Group
9 Ferric Oxide
10 Phosphorus Pentoxide
11 Titanium Dioxide
12 Zinc Oxide
13 Aluminum Oxide
14 Calcium Oxide
15 Magnesium Oxide
16 Sulfur
16.1 Sulfur Trioxide
16.2 Sulfide
17 Loss On Ignition
17.1 Portland Cement
17.2 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
18 Sodium and Potassium Oxides
18.1 Total Alkalis
18.2 Water-Soluble Alkalis
19 Manganic Oxide
20 Chloride
21 Chloroform-Soluble Organic Substances
Alternative Test Methods
1
ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeC01onCementandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeC01.23onCompositionalAnalysis.
Current edition approved Feb.April 1, 2011. Published MarchMay 2011. Originally approved in 1934. Last previous edition approved in 20102011 as C114– 10a.
C114-11. DOI: 10.1520/C0114-11A.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
C114 – 11a
22 Calcium Oxide
23 Carbon Dioxide
24 Magnesium Oxide
25 Loss on Ignition
25.1 Portland Blast-Furnace Slag Cement and Slag Cement
26 Titanium Dioxide
27 Phosphorus Pentoxide
28 Manganic Oxide
29 Free Calcium Oxide
Appendices Title
Appendix X1 Example of Determination of Equivalence Point
for the Chloride Determination
Appendix X2 CO Determinations in Hydraulic Cements
2
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. See 7.3.2.1 and 15.4.1 for specific caution statements.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C25 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Limestone, Quicklime, and Hydrated Lime
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications
E275 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of Ultraviolet and Visible Spectrophotometers
E350 Test Methods for ChemicalAnalysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, andWrought
Iron
E617 Specification for Laboratory Weights and Precision Mass Standards
E832 Specification for Laboratory Filter Papers
3. Description of Referee Analyses
3.1 Referee Analyses—When conformance to chemical specification requirements is questioned, per
...