ASTM C450-99
(Practice)Standard Practice for Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, Vessel Lagging, and Dished Head Segments
Standard Practice for Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal Insulating Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, Vessel Lagging, and Dished Head Segments
SCOPE
1.1 This practice provides tables of dimensions of preformed insulation that may be used in fabricating covers for use on valves, ells, tees, flanges, and vessels in the pressure range from 150 to 1500 psi (1 to 10 MPa). These tables, which are part of this standard, are published separately as the ASTM Recommended Dimensional Standards for Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal Insulation Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, Vessel Lagging, and Dished Head Segments. The tables provide dimensions for use in forming pipe fitting covers for NPS pipe operating at high temperature and low temperature and NPS pipe heat traced with tubing up to 5/8 in. (16 mm) in outside diameter. The tables also include dimensions for use in forming thermal insulation into curved segments, lagging, and dished heads for application on vessels. This practice does not apply to reflective-type insulation.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
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Designation: C 450 – 99
Standard Practice for
Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal Insulating
Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, Vessel Lagging, and Dished
Head Segments
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C 450; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope being fabricated. It is equally applicable for all temperature
ranges.
1.1 This practice provides tables of dimensions of pre-
formed insulation that may be used in fabricating covers for
4. Apparatus
use on valves, ells, tees, flanges, and vessels in the pressure
4.1 Thermal insulation can be formed into shapes by nu-
range from 150 to 1500 psi (1 to 10 MPa). These tables, which
merous methods. In general, insulations may be cut by circular
are part of this standard, are published separately as the ASTM
or band saws, shaped by grinders or millers, or molded. Each
Recommended Dimensional Standards for Prefabrication and
method has certain advantages and disadvantages, depending
Field Fabrication of Thermal Insulation Fitting Covers for NPS
upon the material to be formed, number of cuts required,
Piping, Vessel Lagging, and Dished Head Segments. The tables
material waste permissible, and quantity of fittings being
provide dimensions for use in forming pipe fitting covers for
produced. Adhesives and fabrication cements can be applied
NPS pipe operating at high temperature and low temperature
from dip pots, rollers, doctor blades, brush, or trowel, depend-
and NPS pipe heat traced with tubing up to ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in
ing upon the materials being used. For these reasons, although
outside diameter. The tables also include dimensions for use in
standardized equipment may be devised for certain forming
forming thermal insulation into curved segments, lagging, and
functions, no completely standardized equipment recommen-
dished heads for application on vessels. This practice does not
dation can be suggested.
apply to reflective-type insulation.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5. Basis of Design
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.1 All dimensions presented are based on the use of pipe
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
insulation manufactured to Practice C 585 and to the Basic
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
Dimensional Standards for Pipe Insulation as given in Tables 1
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
and Tables 2 of the ASTM Recommended Dimensional Stan-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
dards for Prefabrication and Field Fabrication of Thermal
as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided
Insulation Fitting Covers for NPS Piping, Vessel Lagging, and
for information purposes only.
Dished Head Segments.
5.2 The tables provide dimensions for insulation fitting
2. Referenced Documents
covers for installation on nominal pipe size (NPS) pipe
2.1 ASTM Standards:
operating at high and low temperatures. Due to differences in
C 585 Practice for Inner and Outer Diameters of Rigid
application requirements in high and low temperature installa-
Thermal Insulation for Nominal Sizes of Pipe and Tubing
2 tions, it is necessary that fabrication of covers be different for
(NPS System)
each.
3. Significance and Use 5.3 An additional set of tables are provided for nominal pipe
size (NPS) pipe that is heat traced with parallel tubing or
3.1 This system of dimensions provides a guide for forming
conduit attached to the pipe. This set of dimensions provides
thermal insulation in advance of field application. Forming
space for either air convection method or high conductive
may be done by cutting, grinding, milling, or molding, depend-
cement method or installing heat tracing tubing, pipe, or
ing upon the method most suitable for the thermal insulation
conduit not exceeding ⁄8 in. (16 mm) in outside diameter to the
NPS process pipe.
5.4 Dimensions given for fabrication of dished head covers
This practice is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C-16 on Thermal
are based on the use of 12 in. (305 mm) wide by 18 in. (457
Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.20 on Homogeneous
Inorganic Thermal Insulations.
Current edition approved September 10, 1999. Published October 1999. Origi-
nally published as C 450 – 60 T. Last previous edition C 450 – 94. Available at a nominal cost from ASTM Headquarters. Order Adjunct:
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 04.06. ADJC0450.
Copyright © ASTM, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
C 450
mm) long block insulation, with thickness as required. Not all 8.2 The method of applying the insulation cement will vary
dished heads are manufactured to identical dimensions. The with the type of insulation cement used. For most low-
dimensions listed are based on the dished head radius being temperature work, employing cellular glass, hot asphalt or a
equal to the diameter of the tank. Head cover insulation is not catalyst type cement is used. Asphalt is usually heated in a pot
expected to fit the radius of the knuckle but should fit tightly located near or in a work bench. The pot is equipped with
over the vessel wall insulation with a slight void at the knuckle. rollers that pick up and deposit hot asphalt on the surfaces to be
5.5 Dimensions presented for cutting beveled blocks from adhered, when passed over and in contact with the rollers.
preformed thermal insulation (lags) are based on blocks 6 in. Other types of cement may be applied to the insulation with a
(152 mm) wide by the thickness required. trowel or brush.
5.6 Dimensions given for flanged pairs, flanged fittings, and
flanged valves do not allow for flange bolt removal. When bolt 9. Insulation Fabrication Shop Requirements
removal is required, the covering length over the flange shall
9.1 Insulation can be shop fabricated by several methods.
be increased as specified by the purchaser.
Each method has certain advantages and disadvantages, de-
pending on the number of pieces to be cut, cuts required,
6. Fabrication
material properties, and resultant material waste. Fabrication
6.1 The main body of the insulation fitting may be cut from
may be by sawing, grinding, routing, or combination thereof.
standard
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