ASTM C1331-01(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method
Standard Test Method for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method
SCOPE
1.1 This test method describes a procedure for measurement of ultrasonic velocity in structural engineering solids such as monolithic ceramics, toughened ceramics, and ceramic matrix composites.
1.2 This test method is based on the broadband pulse-echo contact ultrasonic method. The procedure involves a computer-implemented, frequency-domain method for precise measurement of time delays between pairs of echoes returned by the back surface of a test sample or part.
1.3 This test method describes a procedure for using a digital cross-correlation algorithm for velocity measurement. The cross-correlation function yields a time delay between any two echo waveforms (1).
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Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
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Designation: C1331 − 01(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Advanced Ceramics with
1
Broadband Pulse-Echo Cross-Correlation Method
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1331; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2.3 Military Standard:
MIL-STD-410Nondestructive Testing Personnel Qualifica-
1.1 Thistestmethoddescribesaprocedureformeasurement
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tion and Certification
of ultrasonic velocity in structural engineering solids such as
monolithic ceramics, toughened ceramics, and ceramic matrix 2.4 Additional references are cited in the text and at end of
composites. this document.
1.2 This test method is based on the broadband pulse-echo
contactultrasonicmethod.Theprocedureinvolvesacomputer-
3. Terminology
implemented, frequency-domain method for precise measure-
ment of time delays between pairs of echoes returned by the 3.1 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
back surface of a test sample or part. 3.1.1 back surface—the surface of a test sample which is
opposite to the front surface and from which back surface
1.3 This test method describes a procedure for using a
echoes are returned at normal incidence directly to the trans-
digital cross-correlation algorithm for velocity measurement.
ducer.
Thecross-correlationfunctionyieldsatimedelaybetweenany
2
3.1.2 bandwidth—the frequency range of an ultrasonic
two echo waveforms (1).
probe, defined by convention as the difference between the
lowerandupperfrequenciesatwhichthesignalamplitudeis6
2. Referenced Documents
3 dB down from the frequency at which maximum signal
2.1 ASTM Standards:
amplitude occurs.
B311Test Method for Density of Powder Metallurgy (PM)
3.1.3 broadband transducer—an ultrasonic transducer ca-
Materials Containing Less Than Two Percent Porosity
pableofsendingandreceivingundistortedsignalsoverabroad
C373Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density,
bandwidth, consisting of a thin damped piezocrystal in a
ApparentPorosity,andApparentSpecificGravityofFired
buffered probe (search unit).
Whiteware Products
E494Practice for Measuring Ultrasonic Velocity in Materi-
3.1.4 buffered probe—anultrasonicsearchunitasdefinedin
als
Terminology E1316 but containing a delay line, or buffer rod,
E1316Terminology for Nondestructive Examinations
to which the piezocrystal is affixed within the search unit
housing and which separates the piezocrystal from the test
2.2 ASNT Document:
sample (Fig. 1).
Recommended Practice SNT-TC-1A for Nondestructive
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Testing Personnel Qualification and Certification
3.1.5 buffer rod—an integral part of a buffered probe,
usually a quartz or fused silica cylinder that provides a time
delay between the excitation pulse from the piezocrystal and
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C28 on echoes returning from a sample coupled to the free end of the
Advanced Ceramics and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C28.03 on
buffer rod.
Physical Properties and Non-Destructive Evaluation.
3.1.6 cross-correlation function—the cross-correlation
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2007. Published August 2007. Originally
approved in 1996. Last previous edition approved in 2001 as C1331–01. DOI:
function, implemented by a digital algorithm, yields a time
10.1520/C1331-01R07.
delaybetweenanytwo(ultrasonic)echowaveforms.Thistime
2
Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
is used to determine velocity (1).
this test method.
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For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standardsvolume information,referto thestandard’sDocumentSummary page on
5
the ASTM website. Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
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AvailablefromAmericanSocietyforNondestructiveTesting(ASNT),P.O.Box Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
28518, 1711 Arlingate Ln., Columbus, OH 43228-0518, http://www.asnt.org. www.dodssp.daps.mil.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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C1331 − 01 (2007)
4.4 An alternative technique for velocity measurement is
given in Practice E494.
5. Personnel Qualifications
5.1 It is recommended that nondestructive evaluation/
examinationpersonnelapplyingthistestmethodbequalifiedin
accordance with a nationally-recognized personnel qualifica-
tionpracticeorstandardsuchasASNTSNT-TC-1A,MILSTD
410, or a similar document. The qualification practice or
...
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