ASTM C1822-21

Standard Specification for Insulating Covers on Accessible Lavatory Piping

ABSTRACT
This specification is concerned with insulating covers for use on exposed drain and water supply piping under accessible lavatories and sinks. The thermal insulating properties of the insulating covers are specified with the aim of protecting people with disabilities from burns and physical harm from contact with exposed water supply and waste piping under accessible lavatories and sinks. The insulating covers shall be removable and reusable, and shall satisfy the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act 4.19.4: 2010 Americans with Disabilities Act Standard for Accessible Design Section 606.5, ICC/ANSI A117.1 2012 (Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities - for Persons with Physical Disabilities) section 606.6 (Exposed Pipes and Surfaces).
Included in this specification are criteria for classifying removable and reusable protective covers on exposed drain and water supply piping under lavatories and sinks, along with methods of marking or labeling. All products shall conform to specified requirements for dimensions; form and installation; workmanship, finish, and appearance; apparent material thermal conductivity; water absorption; surface burning characteristics; rate of burning; fungi growth; water temperature and pH; surface deflection and load; and cracks or voids.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers insulating covers for use on exposed drain and water supply piping under accessible lavatories and sinks. The insulating covers shall have thermal insulating properties to protect people with disabilities from burns and physical harm from contact with exposed water supply and waste piping under accessible lavatories and sinks. Insulating covers shall be removable and reusable.  
1.2 Included are criteria for classifying removable and reusable protective covers on exposed drain and water supply piping under lavatories and sinks and requirements and test methods for materials and workmanship. Methods of marking are also given.  
1.3 The products covered by this specification are intended for use on water supply and drain or waste piping under lavatories and sinks only.  
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 This specification does not establish the criteria required in the design of the equipment over which removable insulating covers are used, nor does this specification establish or recommend the applicability of removable insulating covers over all surfaces.  
1.6 This standard does not apply to shrouds under lavatories and sinks.  
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Apr-2021
• ICS: 23.040.01 - Pipeline components and pipelines in general
• Technical Committee: C16 - Thermal Insulation
• Drafting Committee: C16.40 - Insulation Systems

Relations

• Refers: ASTM C168-24 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2024
• Refers: ASTM E84-23d - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Dec-2023
• Refers: ASTM E84-23c - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2023
• Refers: ASTM E84-19b - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-19a - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM C1045-19 - Standard Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
• Effective Date: 01-Apr-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-19 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2019
• Refers: ASTM E84-18b - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2018
• Refers: ASTM E84-18a - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2018
• Refers: ASTM C168-18 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 15-Apr-2018
• Refers: ASTM E84-18 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2018
• Refers: ASTM E84-17a - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2017
• Refers: ASTM E84-17 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2017
• Refers: ASTM C168-17 - Standard Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2017
• Refers: ASTM E84-16 - Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
• Effective Date: 01-Jul-2016

Overview

ASTM C1822-21 is the Standard Specification for Insulating Covers on Accessible Lavatory Piping, published by ASTM International. This standard details requirements for removable and reusable insulating covers designed to be used on exposed drain and water supply piping beneath accessible lavatories and sinks. The main objective is to protect people with disabilities from burns and physical harm due to contact with hot or abrasive exposed piping. Complying with accessibility regulations such as the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), these covers are critical for safety and inclusivity in public, commercial, and institutional bathrooms.

Key Topics

• Scope of Application

  • Applies to insulating covers on exposed drain and water supply piping under accessible lavatories and sinks.
  • Covers must exhibit thermal insulating properties to prevent injuries from contact with hot surfaces.

• Design and Performance

  • Covers must be removable and reusable for easy maintenance.
  • Insulation must meet requirements for thermal conductivity, water absorption, flame and smoke development, surface integrity, and fungal resistance.

• Safety and Accessibility Compliance

  • Products must conform to ADA regulations (ADA Standard for Accessible Design Section 606.5) and ICC/ANSI A117.1 Section 606.6.
  • No sharp or abrasive surfaces permitted.

• Classification

  • Insulating covers are classified into four types based on fire performance and rate of burning depending on the corresponding test method results.

• Marking and Labeling

  • Products must be clearly marked with manufacturer’s name, model, type, country of origin, and relevant performance standards.

Applications

ASTM C1822-21 is essential in the following application areas:

• Accessible Bathrooms: Used in public, commercial, educational, and healthcare facilities to ensure compliance with ADA regulations and provide a safe environment for people with physical disabilities.
• Retrofit Projects: Ideal for upgrading existing lavatory installations to meet accessibility and safety codes by adding thermal insulation to exposed piping.
• New Construction: Specifies the selection and installation of compliant insulating covers during the construction of universal restroom facilities.
• Facilities Management: Allows for easy removal and reinstallation during regular maintenance, ensuring continuance of protective performance without permanent alteration.

Implementing this standard reduces liability risks and enhances usability, comfort, and safety for all restroom users, particularly individuals in wheelchairs, the elderly, children, and anyone with reduced sensitivity or mobility.

Related Standards

• 2010 ADA Standards for Accessible Design, Section 606.5
  • Establishes requirements for protecting plumbing under lavatories in accessible bathrooms.
• ICC/ANSI A117.1 (2012), Section 606.6
  • Provides additional criteria for exposed pipes and surfaces in accessible and usable buildings.
• ASTM Standards Referenced in C1822-21:
  • ASTM C168 - Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
  • ASTM C177 - Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements
  • ASTM D570 - Water Absorption of Plastics
  • ASTM D635 - Rate of Burning of Plastics
  • ASTM E84 - Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
  • ASTM G21 - Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi
  • ASTM C1045 - Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties

Adhering to ASTM C1822-21 ensures your facility’s piping insulation is safe, compliant, and durable, meeting the highest standards for accessible design and occupant protection.

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation:C1822 −21
Standard Specification for
Insulating Covers on Accessible Lavatory Piping
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
1.1 This specification covers insulating covers for use on
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
exposed drain and water supply piping under accessible
lavatories and sinks. The insulating covers shall have thermal
2. Referenced Documents
insulating properties to protect people with disabilities from
2.1 ASTM Standards:
burns and physical harm from contact with exposed water
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
supply and waste piping under accessible lavatories and sinks.
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measure-
Insulating covers shall be removable and reusable.
ments and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of
1.2 Included are criteria for classifying removable and
the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
reusable protective covers on exposed drain and water supply
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Prop-
piping under lavatories and sinks and requirements and test
erties Under Steady-State Conditions
methods for materials and workmanship. Methods of marking
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
are also given.
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and
1.3 The products covered by this specification are intended
Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
for use on water supply and drain or waste piping under
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of
lavatories and sinks only.
Building Materials
G21 Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Poly-
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units shall be regarded
meric Materials to Fungi
asthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesaremathemati-
2.2 Department of Justice Document:
cal conversions to SI units that are provided for information
2010 Americans with Disabilities Act Standard for Acces-
only and are not considered standard.
sible Design Section 606.5
1.5 This specification does not establish the criteria required
2.3 ICC/ANSI Standard:
in the design of the equipment over which removable insulat-
A117.1 Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and
ing covers are used, nor does this specification establish or
Facilities, Section 606.6
recommend the applicability of removable insulating covers
2.4 ASME Standard:
over all surfaces.
A112 18.9 Protectors/Insulators for ExposedWaste and Sup-
1.6 This standard does not apply to shrouds under lavatories
plies on Accessible Fixtures
and sinks.
3. Terminology
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
to Terminology C168.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accor-
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.
Available from the U.S. Department of Justice, 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Washington, DC, 20530-0001, www.ada.gov.
Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St.,
Insulation Systems. 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Current edition approved May 1, 2021. Published May 2021. Originally Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME
approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1822 – 15. DOI: International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
10.1520/C1822-21. www.asme.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1822−21
3.2.1 accessible—able to be accessed or approached by a 5.1.1 Type I—Test Method E84 Flame spread/smoke devel-
wheelchair or by people with disabilities. oped indices of ≤25/450.
5.1.2 Type II—Test Method E84 Flame spread/smoke devel-
3.2.2 accessible lavatory or sink—lavatories or sinks in-
oped indices of ≤200/450.
stalled to provide access for wheelchairs and people with
5.1.3 Type III—Test Method D635 Rate of Burning, maxi-
disabilities.
mum 1 in. (25 mm).
3.2.3 insulating cover—material or assembly of materials
5.1.4 Type IV—No fire performance determined or required.
that is applied over piping to provide thermal protection from
hot and cold temperatures, and physical protection from
6. Materials and Manufacture
bruising, abrasion, and cutting from sharp, hard, or abrasive
6.1 Insulating cover material shall be suitable for molding
surfaces.
or constructed into final required shapes. If rolls or sheets are
3.2.4 lavatory—afixedwashbasinusedforpersonalhygiene
used,theyshallbeformedtofitthecylindricalsurfacetowhich
that requires a water supply and discharges wastewater to the
they are to be applied.
drainage systems.
6.2 Theinsulatingcoverfortailpieceanddrainpipesections
3.2.5 removable and reusable—an insulating cover which
shall be constructed to allow separation into pieces or to be cut
can be installed and then removed and reinstalled for mainte-
to remove excess material to fit piping configuration.
nance and cleaning.
6.3 The insulating cover shall consist of one or more pieces.
3.2.6 shrouds—a cover under a lavatory or sink that is
Component pieces shall be bonded, welded, extruded, or
attached to a cabinet or wall and not to piping.
molded together. Adhesive construction is not permitted.
3.2.7 sink—a fixed bowl or basin for general uses that
6.4 The insulating cover shall be constructed to create air
requires a water supply and discharges wastewater to the
baffles between the material and the piping.
drainage system.
3.2.8 tepid water—domestic water with temperature be-
7. Material Application Requirements
tween 60 to 100°F (15.6 to 37.8°C).
7.1 The insulating cover shall be in a form suitable for
3.2.9 waste piping—pipingandpipefittingsunderlavatories
application to cylindrical surfaces of exposed drain and water
or sinks that drain waste water.
supply piping.
3.2.10 water supply—piping and pipe fitting that distributes
7.2 The insulating cover and fasteners shall not create any
potable water to a lavatory or sink.
sharp or abrasive exterior surfaces.
4. Significance and Use
8. Performance Requirements and Physical Properties
4.1 Accessibility design standards require water supplies
and drain pipes under lavatories and sink are to be insulated or
8.1 The insulating cover shall conform to the requirements
otherwise configured to protect people with disabilities from
shown in Table 1.
contact with exposed pipes. No sharp or abrasive surfaces are
8.2 Exterior Surface Thermal Transfer Test:
allowed under lavatories or sinks.
8.2.1 Test shall be conducted at a room temperature of 73.4
4.2 People in wheelchairs and people with physical disabili-
63.6°F(23 62°C),insideadraftshield.Thedraftshieldshall
ties are part of the most at risk group for scalding, severe
be 30 in. (76 cm) wide by 30 in. (76 cm) high by 24 in. (61 cm)
reaction, bruising and cuts from exposed piping under lavato-
deep, closed on the top, back and sides, and that is set onto a
ries and sinks. These groups, which also include young
surface like a benchtop or floor that closes off the bottom,
children, the elderly, and the infirm sometimes require different
leaving only the front open.This shield simulates an accessible
safety regulation due to but not limited to slower reaction time,
sink in an alcove. Pipe slots will allow hot water pipes to enter
physical disabilities, mobility impairments; and medical con-
and test sample to be positioned 15 in. above the floor (see
ditionswhichcanincreaseexposurecontacttimeandincreased
Appendix X1). For testing, one (1) sample of each P-trap
vulnerability to severe reaction, discomfort, burns, bruises,
assembly (includes tailpiece and waste arm), stop and supply
abrasions, and cuts of the skin.
riser shall have a sample i
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: C1822 − 15 C1822 − 21
Standard Specification for
Insulating Covers on Accessible Lavatory Piping
This standard is issued under the fixed designation C1822; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This specification covers insulating covers for use on exposed drain and water supply piping under accessible lavatories and
sinks. The insulating covers shall have thermal insulating properties to protect people with disabilities from burns and physical
harm from contact with exposed water supply and waste piping under accessible lavatories and sinks. Insulating covers shall be
removable and reusable.
1.2 Included are criteria for classifying removable and reusable protective covers on exposed drain and water supply piping under
lavatories and sinks and requirements and test methods for materials and workmanship. Methods of marking are also given.
1.3 The products covered by this specification are intended for use on water supply and drain or waste piping under lavatories and
sinks only.
1.4 The values stated in inch-pound units shall be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 This specification does not establish the criteria required in the design of the equipment over which removable insulating
covers are used, nor does this specification establish or recommend the applicability of removable insulating covers over all
surfaces.
1.6 This standard does not apply to shrouds under lavatories and sinks.
1.7 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.8 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
C168 Terminology Relating to Thermal Insulation
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee C16 on Thermal Insulation and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee C16.40 on Insulation
Systems.
Current edition approved Oct. 1, 2015May 1, 2021. Published October 2015May 2021. Originally approved in 2015. Last previous edition approved in 2015 as C1822 – 15.
DOI: 10.1520/C1822-15.10.1520/C1822-21.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
C1822 − 21
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the
Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C1045 Practice for Calculating Thermal Transmission Properties Under Steady-State Conditions
D570 Test Method for Water Absorption of Plastics
D635 Test Method for Rate of Burning and/or Extent and Time of Burning of Plastics in a Horizontal Position
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
G21 Practice for Determining Resistance of Synthetic Polymeric Materials to Fungi
2.2 Department of Justice Document:
2010 Americans with Disabilities Act Standard for Accessible Design Section 606.5
2.3 ICC/ANSI Standard:
A117.1 Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities, Section 606.6
2.4 ASME Standard:
A112 18.9 Protectors/Insulators for Exposed Waste and Supplies on Accessible Fixtures
3. Terminology
3.1 For definitions of terms used in this specification, refer to Terminology C168.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 accessible—able to be accessed or approached by a wheelchair or by people with disabilities.
3.2.2 accessible lavatory or sink—lavatories or sinks installed to provide access for wheelchairs and people with disabilities.
3.2.3 insulating cover—material or assembly of materials that is applied over piping to provide thermal protection from hot and
cold temperatures, and physical protection from bruising, abrasion, and cutting from sharp, hard, or abrasive surfaces.
3.2.4 lavatory—a fixed washbasin used for personal hygiene that requires a water supply and discharges wastewater to the
drainage systems.
3.2.5 removable and reusable—an insulating cover which can be installed and then removed and reinstalled for maintenance and
cleaning.
3.2.6 shrouds—a cover under a lavatory or sink that is attached to a cabinet or wall and not to piping.
3.2.7 sink—a fixed bowl or basin for general uses that requires a water supply and discharges wastewater to the drainage system.
3.2.8 tepid water—domestic water with temperature between 60 to 100°F (15.6 to 37.8°C).
3.2.9 waste piping—piping and pipe fittings under lavatories or sinks that drain waste water.
3.2.10 water supply—piping and pipe fitting that distributes potable water to a lavatory or sink.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 Accessibility design standards require water supplies and drain pipes under lavatories and sink are to be insulated or otherwise
configured to protect people with disabilities from contact with exposed pipes. No sharp or abrasive surfaces are allowed under
lavatories or sinks.
4.2 People in wheelchairs and people with physical disabilities are part of the most at risk group for scalding, severe reaction,
bruising and cuts from exposed piping under lavatories and sinks. These groups, which also include young children, the elderly,
and the infirm sometimes require different safety regulation due to but not limited to slower reaction time, physical disabilities,
Available from the U.S. Department of Justice, 950 Pennsylvania Ave., NW Washington, DC, 20530-0001, www.ada.gov.
Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.
Available from American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME), ASME International Headquarters, Two Park Ave., New York, NY 10016-5990, http://
www.asme.org.
C1822 − 21
mobility impairments; and medical conditions which can increase exposure contact time and increased vulnerability to severe
reaction, discomfort, burns, bruises, abrasions, and cuts of the skin.
4.3 This specification is intended to cover products which will satisfy the requirements of the Americans with Disabilities Act
4.19.4, the Department of Justice: 2010 Americans with Disabilities Act Standard for Accessible Design Section 606.5, ICC/ANSI
A117.1 2012 (Standard for Accessible and Usable Buildings and Facilities - for Persons with Physical Disabilities) section 606.6
(Exposed Pipes and Surfaces).
5. Classification
5.1 Removable and reusable insulating covers covered by this specification are classified into four types based upon the fire
performance as follows:
5.1.1 Type I—Test Method E84 Flame spread/smoke developed indices of ≤25/450.
5.1.2 Type II—Test Method E84 Flame spread/smoke developed indices of ≤200/450.
5.1.3 Type III—Test Method D635 Rate of Burning, maximum 1 in. (25 mm).
5.1.4 Type IV—No fire performance determined or required.
6. Materials and Manufacture
6.1 Insulating cover material shall be suitable for molding or constructed into final required shapes. If rolls or sheets are used, they
shall be formed to fit the cylindrical surface to which they are to be applied.
6.2 The insulating cover for tailpiece and drain pipe sections shall be constructed to allow separation into pieces or to be cut to
remove excess material to fit piping configuration.
6.3 The insulating cover shall consist of one or more pieces. Component pieces shall be bonded, welded, extruded, or molded
together. Adhesive construction is not permitted.
6.4 The insulating cover shall be constructed to create air baffles between the material and the piping.
7. Material Application Requirements
7.1 The insulating cover shall be in a form suitable for application to cylindrical surfaces of exposed drain and water supply
piping.
7.2 The insulating cover and fasteners shall not create any sharp or abrasive exterior surfaces.
8. Performance Requirements and Physical Properties
8.1 The insulating cover shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 1.
8.2 Exterior Surface Thermal Transfer Test:
8.2.1 Test shall be conducted at a room temperature of 73.4 6 3.6°F (23 6 2°C)
...