ASTM A320/A320M-08
(Specification)Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
Standard Specification for Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-Temperature Service
ABSTRACT
This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-temperature service. Each alloy shall conform to the prescribed chemical composition requirements. The material, as represented by the tension specimens, shall conform to the requirements as to tensile properties such as tensile strength, yield strength, elongation, and hardness. The material shall meet the prescribed impact energy absorption requirements and the recommended test temperature. Mechanical tests shall be conducted on the material, namely: impact testing, tension testing, and hardness testing.
SCOPE
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-temperature service. The term “bolting material” as used in this specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars, bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing. Austenitic stainless steel may be solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood.
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend on design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements of Table 1 indicate the diameters for which the minimum mechanical properties apply to the various grades and classes, and Table 2 stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption. The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to these requirements before parts are manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to meet the Table 2 impact energy values at −150 °F [−101 °C], additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P and S contents than might normally be supplied) in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required.
Note 1—The committee formulating this specification has included several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable.
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 10 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in the inquiry, contract and order.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.6 The values stated in either inch-pound units or SI units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information.
Designation: A320/A320M – 08
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA320/A320M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
should note that hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may
1. Scope*
restrictthemaximumsizeatwhichtherequiredmechanicalpropertiesare
2
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials
obtainable.
for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in
temperatureservice.Theterm“boltingmaterial”asusedinthis
Section 10 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
specification covers rolled, forged, or strain hardened bars,
1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an
bolts, screws, studs, and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-
optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when
wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless
specified in the inquiry, contract and order.
grinding or by cold drawing.Austenitic stainless steel may be
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
solution annealed or annealed and strain-hardened. When
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
strain hardened austenitic stainless steel is ordered, the pur-
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each
chaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is
system shall be used independently of the other. Combining
thoroughly understood.
values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and
with the standard. Unless the order specifies the applicable
austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be
on design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and
furnished to inch-pound units.
low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements
of Table 1 indicate the diameters for which the minimum
2. Referenced Documents
mechanical properties apply to the various grades and classes,
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
and Table 2 stipulates the requirements for Charpy impact
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon and Alloy Steel
energyabsorption.Themanufacturershoulddeterminethatthe
Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or High Temperature
material can conform to these requirements before parts are
Service, or Both
manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing
meet the Table 2 impact energy values at −150 °F [−101 °C],
of Steel Products
additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for
and S contents than might normally be supplied) in the
SteelFastenersorFastenerMaterials,orBoth,Intendedfor
chemical composition forAISI 4340 are likely to be required.
Use at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included
Range
several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting
present purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by
of Ferrous Metals
the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users
F436 Specification for Hardened Steel Washers
F606 Test Methods for Determining the Mechanical Prop-
erties of Externally and Internally Threaded Fasteners,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction ofASTM CommitteeA01 on Steel,
Washers, Direct Tension Indicators, and Rivets
Stainless Steel and RelatedAlloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
2.2 ANSI Standards:
A01.22onSteelForgingsandWroughtFittingsforPipingApplicationsandBolting
Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved March 15, 2008. Published April 2008. Originally
3
approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A320/A320M-07a. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
DOI: 10.1520/A0320_A0320M-08. contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
2
For ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code applications, see related Specifi- Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
cation SA-320 in Section II of that Code. the ASTM website.
*ASummary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Har
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A 320/A 320M–07a Designation: A320/A320M – 08
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-
1
Temperature Service
This standard is issued under the fixed designationA320/A320M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (ϵ) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-temperature
service.Theterm“boltingmaterial”asusedinthisspecificationcoversrolled,forged,orstrainhardenedbars,bolts,screws,studs,
and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing.
Austeniticstainlesssteelmaybesolutionannealedorannealedandstrain-hardened.Whenstrainhardenedausteniticstainlesssteel
is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood.
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend on
design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements of Table 1
indicatethediametersforwhichtheminimummechanicalpropertiesapplytothevariousgradesandclasses,andTable2stipulates
the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption.The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to these
requirements before parts are manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to meet the Table 2 impact energy values
at −150 °F [−101 °C], additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P and S contents than might normally be
supplied) in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required.
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the present
purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users should note that
hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable.
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 10 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in
the inquiry, contract and order.
1.5This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.6Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification
designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A194/A194M Specification for Carbon andAlloy Steel Nuts for Bolts for High Pressure or HighTemperature Service, or Both
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A962/A962M SpecificationforCommonRequirementsforBoltingIntendedforUseatAnyTemperaturefromCryogenictothe
Creep Range
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007. Published October 2007. Originally approved in 1948. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as A 320/A 320M-07.
Current edition ap
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:A320/A320M–07a Designation: A 320/A 320M – 08
Standard Specification for
Alloy-Steel and Stainless Steel Bolting Materials for Low-
1
Temperature Service
ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA320/A320M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyear
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the Department of Defense.
1. Scope*
2
1.1 This specification covers alloy steel bolting materials for pressure vessels, valves, flanges, and fittings for low-temperature
service.Theterm“boltingmaterial”asusedinthisspecificationcoversrolled,forged,orstrainhardenedbars,bolts,screws,studs,
and stud bolts. The bars shall be hot-wrought. The material may be further processed by centerless grinding or by cold drawing.
Austeniticstainlesssteelmaybesolutionannealedorannealedandstrain-hardened.Whenstrainhardenedausteniticstainlesssteel
is ordered, the purchaser should take special care to ensure that Appendix X1 is thoroughly understood.
1.2 Several grades are covered, including both ferritic and austenitic steels designated L7, B8, etc. Selection will depend on
design, service conditions, mechanical properties, and low-temperature characteristics. The mechanical requirements of Table 1
indicatethediametersforwhichtheminimummechanicalpropertiesapplytothevariousgradesandclasses,andTable2stipulates
the requirements for Charpy impact energy absorption.The manufacturer should determine that the material can conform to these
requirements before parts are manufactured. For example, when Grade L43 is specified to meet the Table 2 impact energy values
at −150 °F [−101 °C], additional restrictions (such as procuring a steel with lower P and S contents than might normally be
supplied) in the chemical composition for AISI 4340 are likely to be required.
NOTE 1—The committee formulating this specification has included several grades of material that have been rather extensively used for the present
purpose. Other compositions will be considered for inclusion by the committee from time to time as the need becomes apparent. Users should note that
hardenability of some of the grades mentioned may restrict the maximum size at which the required mechanical properties are obtainable.
1.3 Nuts for use with this bolting material are covered in Section 10 and the nut material shall be impact tested.
1.4 Supplementary Requirements (S1, S2, and S3) of an optional nature are provided. They shall apply only when specified in
the inquiry, contract and order.
1.5This specification is expressed in both inch-pound units and in SI units. However, unless the order specifies the applicable
“M” specification designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.5 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each
system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each system shall be used independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in non-conformance with the standard. Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specification
designation (SI units), the material shall be furnished to inch-pound units.
1.6 Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunits
are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification.
2. Referenced Documents
3
2.1 ASTM Standards:
A194/A194M SpecificationforCarbonandAlloySteelNutsforBoltsforHighPressureorHighTemperatureService,orBoth
A370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing of Steel Products
A962/A962M Specification for Common Requirements for Steel Fasteners or Fastener Materials, or Both, Intended for Use
at Any Temperature from Cryogenic to the Creep Range
E566 Practice for Electromagnetic (Eddy-Current) Sorting of Ferrous Metals
1
ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteelandRelatedAlloysandisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.22
on Steel Forgings and Wrought Fittings for Piping Applications and Bolting Materials for Piping and Special Purpose Applications.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2007.March 15, 2008. Published Octob
...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.