ASTM F1599-95(2018)
(Guide)Standard Guide for Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage Devices
Standard Guide for Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage Devices
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and offloading rates, and towability under controlled test conditions. The data can be used for evaluating the design characteristics of a particular temporary storage device or as a means of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised whenever the test data are used to predict performance in actual spill situations since the uncontrolled environmental conditions that affect performance in the field are rarely identical to conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechanical reliability, the presence of debris, ease of repair, required operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also affect performance in an actual spill but are not included in this guide. These variables should be considered along with the test data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
4.2 Although this guide provides data on the performance of temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion resistance of the container body, venting of the device during loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide should be considered along with the test data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
SCOPE
1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the performance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that would be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: F1599 − 95 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Guide for
Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Design Terminology—Terms Associated With Tempo-
rary Storage Device Design:
1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the perfor-
mance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that 3.1.2 accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or
would be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures. in conjunction with a temporary storage device system but not
included with the basic storage device and hose connectors,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
that is, lights, paravanes, buoys, anchor systems, storage bags,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
repair kits, etc.
standard.
3.1.3 ancillary equipment—mechanical devices necessary
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to the operation of a given temporary storage device system,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for example, air pumps, hydraulic power supplies, control
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
manifolds, etc.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to us-
3.1.4 ballast—the weight applied to the device to improve
e.Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.2.
performance.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 container body—the continuous portion of the device
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that serves to provide structural strength and shape to the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
device to contain the stored material.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.6 device weight—the dry weight of a fully assembled
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
temporary storage device.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.7 draft—the maximum vertical dimension of the device
2. Referenced Documents
below the water line.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.8 flotation—that portion of the device that provides
F625 Practice for ClassifyingWater Bodies for Spill Control
buoyancy.
Systems
3.1.9 freeboard—the minimum vertical height of the device
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
above the water line; for open devices, this is the minimum
Controlled Environments
height at which water can enter it.
F715 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill
3.1.10 handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other
Control and Storage
provision for grasping the device by hand.
3. Terminology
3.1.11 lifting point—the structural point(s) on the device
designed for the attachment of a lifting device, such as a crane.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.12 liner—accessory or ancillary equipment that pro-
vides containment within the container body.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
3.1.13 mooring point—the structural point(s) along the
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
length of the device designed for the attachment of anchor or
F20.11 on Control.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally mooring lines.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1599 – 95(2014).
3.1.14 overall height—the maximum vertical dimension of
DOI: 10.1520/F1599-95R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or the device.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.15 sail—the maximum vertical height of the device
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. above the water-line.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1599 − 95 (2018)
3.1.16 shipping weight—the weight of the device when 3.1.41 towable open tank—an open, inflatable, barge-type
packaged for transportation. vessel that resembles a large inflatable boat, characterized by a
portion of the top surface being open to atmosphere.
3.1.17 shipping volume—the volume of the device when
packaged for transportation.
4. Significance and Use
3.1.18 stiffener—a component that provides support to the
4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in
device.
the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and
3.1.19 temporary storage device—a collapsible device used
offloading rates, and towability under controlled test condi-
to store fluids temporarily.
tions. The data can be used for evaluating the design charac-
3.1.20 tension member—any component that carries tension
teristics of a particular temporary storage device or as a means
loads imposed on the device.
of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised
3.1.21 tow point—structural point(s) on the device designed
wheneverthetestdataareusedtopredictperformanceinactual
for the attachment of towing lines.
spillsituationssincetheuncontrolledenvironmentalconditions
that affect performance in the field are rarely identical to
3.1.22 Engineering Terminology— Terms Associated With
conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechani-
Temporary Storage Device Engineering:
cal reliability, the presence of debris, ease of repair, required
3.1.23 drag force—the resisting force on a device that
operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also
results from it being towed.
affect performance in an actual spill but are not included in this
3.1.24 gross buoyancy—the weight of fresh water displaced
guide.These variables should be considered along with the test
by the device at the point of submergence.
data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary
3.1.25 gross buoyancy to weight ratio—the gross buoyancy
storage devices.
divided by device weight.
4.2 Althoughthisguideprovidesdataontheperformanceof
3.1.26 heave response—the ability of the device to react to
temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual
the vertical motion of the water surface.
conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In
3.1.27 maximum capacity—the maximum volumetric ca- particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion
pacity of the device as calculated from physical dimensions. resistance of the container body, venting of the device during
loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide
3.1.28 maximum dynamic load—the sum of all instanta-
should be considered along with the test data when making
neousdynamicloads,includingthoseduetoacceleration,wave
comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
forces, etc.
3.1.29 operational capacity—the maximum volumetric ca-
5. Overall Observations
pacity of the device per application.
5.1 For each of the tests that follow, the total manpower
3.1.30 pitch response—the tendency of the device to oscil-
required to conduct the procedure and the required ancillary
late about its lateral axis.
equipment will be noted in the test record. In addition, the total
3.1.31 rated pressure—the maximum continuous operating
elapsed time for each portion of the tests will be noted.
pressure of the device, as specified by the manufacturer.
5.2 Observations of the buoyancy and stability of the
3.1.32 reserve buoyancy—the gross buoyancy minus device
deployed device will be made for the marine testing of towable
weight.
devices.
3.1.33 reserve buoyancy to weight ratio—the reserve buoy-
5.3 Any observations relative to safety will be entered as
ancy divided by device weight.
part of the test record. These should include any hazardous
3.1.34 roll response—the tendency of the device to rotate
conditions noted and limitations due to weather conditions, as
about its longitudinal axis due to wave, wind, or current forces.
well as any safety precautions that were observed or should be
3.1.35 yaw response—thetendencyofthedevicetooscillate
observed. If the manufacturer’s specified operating procedures
about its vertical axis.
are found to be deficient relative to safety observations, this
should be noted.
3.1.36 Classification Terminology:
3.1.37 pillow tank—a closed, generally rectangular or round
5.4 The test series should be videotaped to document the
coated fabric tank.
tests and procedures.
3.1.38 open pool—an open, generally rectangular or round
coated fabric tank, similar in structure to a “wading pool.”
6. Initial (Static) Loading Tests
3.1.39 towable pillow tank—similartoapillowtankusedon
6.1 The storage device, and any enclosed ancillary equip-
land or on deck, but generally made of heavier material and
ment(forexample,flotationcollars),shouldbesubjectedtothe
having special rigging for towing.
following tests using air or dyed water, as appropriate, in order
3.1.40 towable flexible tank—a storage device that is gen- to confirm the structural integrity and evaluate (qualitatively)
erally long and cylindrical in shape and, when full, is largely any leakage. The following is presented as a guideline in the
submerged, characterized by flexibility along the length of the absence of manufacturer-supplied guidelines for performing
device. initial loading tests.
F1599 − 95 (2018)
6.2 Overpressure tests can be extremely dangerous, and whethercoloredwaterhasleakedthrough.Markandrecordthe
precautions should be taken against the possibility of sudden leaks. No splits or blisters in the coating or seams shall be
and complete failure of the device. The following tests use acceptable.
large volumes of water or pressurized air, or both, that could 6.4.4 Thestoragedevicemaybere-testediftheleakscanbe
cause injury to personnel and serious damage to property if stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
released suddenly. repairs.
6.3 Closed Devices and Enclosed Ancillaries:
7. Deployment, Loading, and Towing Tests
6.3.1 Leak Test—The storage device should be inflated with
7.1 General—A visual examination of the device will be
air to a test pressure, calculated as follows:
conducted once the temporary storage device has been made
σ
ready for deployment. The material specifications and opera-
P 5
15r
tional limitations of the hose coupling mechanisms and any
where: other fittings, such as towing bridle, drogue attachments, or
securing devices, should be recorded.
P = test pressure (Pa),
σ = minimum ultimate tensile strength of material (N/m),
7.2 Towable Devices:
and
7.2.1 A test of launching from a pier and preparation for
r = radius of largest section (m).
deployment by a towing vessel will be conducted by following
the manufacturer’s instructions for break-out, deployment, and
6.3.2 Allowthestoragedevicetostandfor30minatthetest
preparation for towing. The test will be considered concluded
pressure 610 %. Maintaining the test pressure within 610 %,
when the predesignated vessel is able to tow the device away
apply a soapy water solution liberally to the seam areas, fitting
from the dock in a safe and proper configuration.
joints, valves, and all fabric areas. Record and mark air
7.2.2 Towing tests should be conducted under a range of
seepage.
environmental conditions appropriate to the device’s intended
NOTE1—Theinspectormustdeterminewhatisanacceptableleaksince
use. (Classification criteria for calm, protected, and open water
some small air leaks may not necessarily mean that a liquid would leak
are given in Practice F625.) Any differences during the test
throughthesamehole.Also,someairbubblesmaybecausedbyairforced
should be noted as conditions change. The test will be
out between the fabric layers and would not cause a liquid leak.
conducted by following the manufacturer’s instructions or, in
6.3.2.1 Mark and record the location and extent of any
the absence thereof, by the opinion of the vessel operator for
surfaceorseamirregularities,blisters,orcracks.Recheckthese
the most suitable course for the launching, filling, towing, and
areas carefully for leaks. The inspector must determine the
recovery operation. The test will be considered concluded
acceptable level of such surface irregularities.
when the response vessel has completed all towing tests and
6.3.3 The storage device may be re-tested if leaks can be
recovered and stowed the device in a safe and proper configu-
stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
ration.
repairs.
7.2.3 While towing the device, the required towing force
6.3.4 Overpressure—Pressurize the device to 150 % of the
will be measured as a function of increasing tow speed.
rated pressure (defined in 4.2). Hold for 30 min, and then
Dynamic loads should be measured using a recently calibrated
reduce the pressure to a safe level and inspect for leaks.
load cell. During the towing tests, manufacturer-specified
6.3.5 If the device exhibits leaks that are not structural maximum design loads must be respected with due regard to
maximum dynamic load.
failures,reworkitandrepeattheleaktestof6.3.1.Ifthedevice
exhibits leaks that are from structural failure (that is, loose 7.2.4 Observations should be noted in the test record con-
seams, fabric failure, etc.), rework it as necessary and repeat cerning the device behavior as the towing speed and wave
the overpressure test of 6.3.4. approach angle are varied. Observations of stability should
includeverticalstability,twisting,diving,snaking,andyawing.
6.3.6 Closed devices may also be tested using the proce-
Any distortion of the device or other problem causing
dures of 6.4 to determine whether minor air bubble leaks
instability, loss of recovered product, or unacceptable list, trim,
permit water to leak through the fabric.
or bow submergence should be noted. The draft and freeboard
6.4 Open Devices:
of the device should be noted in the test record for each of the
6.4.1 Leak Test—The following leak test for open devices
loading conditions tested.
can be performed only with the device out of water. If the
7.2.5 During the progress of the test, careful monitoring
device cannot be suspended to allow observation of its bottom
must take place to detect the following: wave-induced motions
whenfull,asheetofwhitewatersorbentclothshouldbeplaced
and inertial or free-surface effects, particular
...
NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: F1599 − 95 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Guide for
Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 3.1.1 Design Terminology—Terms Associated With Tempo-
rary Storage Device Design:
1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the perfor-
mance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that 3.1.2 accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or
would be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures. in conjunction with a temporary storage device system but not
included with the basic storage device and hose connectors,
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
that is, lights, paravanes, buoys, anchor systems, storage bags,
standard. No other units of measurement are included in this
repair kits, etc.
standard.
3.1.3 ancillary equipment—mechanical devices necessary
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
to the operation of a given temporary storage device system,
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
for example, air pumps, hydraulic power supplies, control
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
manifolds, etc.
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to us-
3.1.4 ballast—the weight applied to the device to improve
e.Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.2.
performance.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
3.1.5 container body—the continuous portion of the device
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
that serves to provide structural strength and shape to the
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
device to contain the stored material.
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
3.1.6 device weight—the dry weight of a fully assembled
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
temporary storage device.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.7 draft—the maximum vertical dimension of the device
2. Referenced Documents
below the water line.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.1.8 flotation—that portion of the device that provides
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control
buoyancy.
Systems
3.1.9 freeboard—the minimum vertical height of the device
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in
above the water line; for open devices, this is the minimum
Controlled Environments
height at which water can enter it.
F715 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill
3.1.10 handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other
Control and Storage
provision for grasping the device by hand.
3. Terminology
3.1.11 lifting point—the structural point(s) on the device
designed for the attachment of a lifting device, such as a crane.
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.12 liner—accessory or ancillary equipment that pro-
vides containment within the container body.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous
3.1.13 mooring point—the structural point(s) along the
Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
length of the device designed for the attachment of anchor or
F20.11 on Control.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2018. Published December 2018. Originally mooring lines.
approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as F1599 – 95(2014).
3.1.14 overall height—the maximum vertical dimension of
DOI: 10.1520/F1599-95R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or the device.
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3.1.15 sail—the maximum vertical height of the device
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. above the water-line.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1599 − 95 (2018)
3.1.16 shipping weight—the weight of the device when 3.1.41 towable open tank—an open, inflatable, barge-type
packaged for transportation. vessel that resembles a large inflatable boat, characterized by a
portion of the top surface being open to atmosphere.
3.1.17 shipping volume—the volume of the device when
packaged for transportation.
4. Significance and Use
3.1.18 stiffener—a component that provides support to the
4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in
device.
the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and
3.1.19 temporary storage device—a collapsible device used
offloading rates, and towability under controlled test condi-
to store fluids temporarily.
tions. The data can be used for evaluating the design charac-
3.1.20 tension member—any component that carries tension
teristics of a particular temporary storage device or as a means
loads imposed on the device.
of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised
3.1.21 tow point—structural point(s) on the device designed
whenever the test data are used to predict performance in actual
for the attachment of towing lines.
spill situations since the uncontrolled environmental conditions
that affect performance in the field are rarely identical to
3.1.22 Engineering Terminology— Terms Associated With
conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechani-
Temporary Storage Device Engineering:
cal reliability, the presence of debris, ease of repair, required
3.1.23 drag force—the resisting force on a device that
operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also
results from it being towed.
affect performance in an actual spill but are not included in this
3.1.24 gross buoyancy—the weight of fresh water displaced
guide. These variables should be considered along with the test
by the device at the point of submergence.
data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary
3.1.25 gross buoyancy to weight ratio—the gross buoyancy
storage devices.
divided by device weight.
4.2 Although this guide provides data on the performance of
3.1.26 heave response—the ability of the device to react to
temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual
the vertical motion of the water surface.
conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In
3.1.27 maximum capacity—the maximum volumetric ca- particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion
pacity of the device as calculated from physical dimensions. resistance of the container body, venting of the device during
loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide
3.1.28 maximum dynamic load—the sum of all instanta-
should be considered along with the test data when making
neous dynamic loads, including those due to acceleration, wave
comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
forces, etc.
3.1.29 operational capacity—the maximum volumetric ca-
5. Overall Observations
pacity of the device per application.
5.1 For each of the tests that follow, the total manpower
3.1.30 pitch response—the tendency of the device to oscil-
required to conduct the procedure and the required ancillary
late about its lateral axis.
equipment will be noted in the test record. In addition, the total
3.1.31 rated pressure—the maximum continuous operating
elapsed time for each portion of the tests will be noted.
pressure of the device, as specified by the manufacturer.
5.2 Observations of the buoyancy and stability of the
3.1.32 reserve buoyancy—the gross buoyancy minus device
deployed device will be made for the marine testing of towable
weight.
devices.
3.1.33 reserve buoyancy to weight ratio—the reserve buoy-
5.3 Any observations relative to safety will be entered as
ancy divided by device weight.
part of the test record. These should include any hazardous
3.1.34 roll response—the tendency of the device to rotate
conditions noted and limitations due to weather conditions, as
about its longitudinal axis due to wave, wind, or current forces.
well as any safety precautions that were observed or should be
3.1.35 yaw response—the tendency of the device to oscillate
observed. If the manufacturer’s specified operating procedures
about its vertical axis.
are found to be deficient relative to safety observations, this
should be noted.
3.1.36 Classification Terminology:
3.1.37 pillow tank—a closed, generally rectangular or round
5.4 The test series should be videotaped to document the
coated fabric tank.
tests and procedures.
3.1.38 open pool—an open, generally rectangular or round
coated fabric tank, similar in structure to a “wading pool.”
6. Initial (Static) Loading Tests
3.1.39 towable pillow tank—similar to a pillow tank used on
6.1 The storage device, and any enclosed ancillary equip-
land or on deck, but generally made of heavier material and
ment (for example, flotation collars), should be subjected to the
having special rigging for towing.
following tests using air or dyed water, as appropriate, in order
3.1.40 towable flexible tank—a storage device that is gen- to confirm the structural integrity and evaluate (qualitatively)
erally long and cylindrical in shape and, when full, is largely any leakage. The following is presented as a guideline in the
submerged, characterized by flexibility along the length of the absence of manufacturer-supplied guidelines for performing
device. initial loading tests.
F1599 − 95 (2018)
6.2 Overpressure tests can be extremely dangerous, and whether colored water has leaked through. Mark and record the
precautions should be taken against the possibility of sudden leaks. No splits or blisters in the coating or seams shall be
and complete failure of the device. The following tests use acceptable.
large volumes of water or pressurized air, or both, that could 6.4.4 The storage device may be re-tested if the leaks can be
cause injury to personnel and serious damage to property if stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
released suddenly. repairs.
6.3 Closed Devices and Enclosed Ancillaries:
7. Deployment, Loading, and Towing Tests
6.3.1 Leak Test—The storage device should be inflated with
7.1 General—A visual examination of the device will be
air to a test pressure, calculated as follows:
conducted once the temporary storage device has been made
σ
ready for deployment. The material specifications and opera-
P 5
15r
tional limitations of the hose coupling mechanisms and any
where: other fittings, such as towing bridle, drogue attachments, or
securing devices, should be recorded.
P = test pressure (Pa),
σ = minimum ultimate tensile strength of material (N/m),
7.2 Towable Devices:
and
7.2.1 A test of launching from a pier and preparation for
r = radius of largest section (m).
deployment by a towing vessel will be conducted by following
the manufacturer’s instructions for break-out, deployment, and
6.3.2 Allow the storage device to stand for 30 min at the test
preparation for towing. The test will be considered concluded
pressure 610 %. Maintaining the test pressure within 610 %,
when the predesignated vessel is able to tow the device away
apply a soapy water solution liberally to the seam areas, fitting
from the dock in a safe and proper configuration.
joints, valves, and all fabric areas. Record and mark air
7.2.2 Towing tests should be conducted under a range of
seepage.
environmental conditions appropriate to the device’s intended
NOTE 1—The inspector must determine what is an acceptable leak since
use. (Classification criteria for calm, protected, and open water
some small air leaks may not necessarily mean that a liquid would leak
are given in Practice F625.) Any differences during the test
through the same hole. Also, some air bubbles may be caused by air forced
should be noted as conditions change. The test will be
out between the fabric layers and would not cause a liquid leak.
conducted by following the manufacturer’s instructions or, in
6.3.2.1 Mark and record the location and extent of any
the absence thereof, by the opinion of the vessel operator for
surface or seam irregularities, blisters, or cracks. Recheck these
the most suitable course for the launching, filling, towing, and
areas carefully for leaks. The inspector must determine the
recovery operation. The test will be considered concluded
acceptable level of such surface irregularities.
when the response vessel has completed all towing tests and
6.3.3 The storage device may be re-tested if leaks can be
recovered and stowed the device in a safe and proper configu-
stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent
ration.
repairs.
7.2.3 While towing the device, the required towing force
6.3.4 Overpressure—Pressurize the device to 150 % of the
will be measured as a function of increasing tow speed.
rated pressure (defined in 4.2). Hold for 30 min, and then
Dynamic loads should be measured using a recently calibrated
reduce the pressure to a safe level and inspect for leaks.
load cell. During the towing tests, manufacturer-specified
maximum design loads must be respected with due regard to
6.3.5 If the device exhibits leaks that are not structural
failures, rework it and repeat the leak test of 6.3.1. If the device maximum dynamic load.
exhibits leaks that are from structural failure (that is, loose 7.2.4 Observations should be noted in the test record con-
seams, fabric failure, etc.), rework it as necessary and repeat cerning the device behavior as the towing speed and wave
the overpressure test of 6.3.4. approach angle are varied. Observations of stability should
include vertical stability, twisting, diving, snaking, and yawing.
6.3.6 Closed devices may also be tested using the proce-
Any distortion of the device or other problem causing
dures of 6.4 to determine whether minor air bubble leaks
instability, loss of recovered product, or unacceptable list, trim,
permit water to leak through the fabric.
or bow submergence should be noted. The draft and freeboard
6.4 Open Devices:
of the device should be noted in the test record for each of the
6.4.1 Leak Test—The following leak test for open devices
loading conditions tested.
can be performed only with the device out of water. If the
7.2.5 During the progress of the test, careful monitoring
device cannot be suspended to allow observation of its bottom
must take place to detect the following: wave-induced motions
when full, a sheet of white water sorbent cloth should be placed
and inertial or free-surface
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation: F1599 − 95 (Reapproved 2014) F1599 − 95 (Reapproved 2018)
Standard Guide for
Collecting Performance Data on Temporary Storage
Devices
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F1599; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers a guideline for measuring the performance parameters of full-scale temporary storage devices that would
be used to store oil and oil-water mixtures.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety safety, health, and healthenvironmental practices and determine the
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.Specific precautionary statements are given in 6.2.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
F625 Practice for Classifying Water Bodies for Spill Control Systems
F631 Guide for Collecting Skimmer Performance Data in Controlled Environments
F715 Test Methods for Coated Fabrics Used for Oil Spill Control and Storage
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.1.1 Design Terminology—Terms Associated With Temporary Storage Device Design:
3.1.2 accessories—optional mechanical devices used on or in conjunction with a temporary storage device system but not
included with the basic storage device and hose connectors, that is, lights, paravanes, buoys, anchor systems, storage bags, repair
kits, etc.
3.1.3 ancillary equipment—mechanical devices necessary to the operation of a given temporary storage device system, for
example, air pumps, hydraulic power supplies, control manifolds, etc.
3.1.4 ballast—the weight applied to the device to improve performance.
3.1.5 container body—the continuous portion of the device that serves to provide structural strength and shape to the device to
contain the stored material.
3.1.6 device weight—the dry weight of a fully assembled temporary storage device.
3.1.7 draft—the maximum vertical dimension of the device below the water line.
3.1.8 flotation—that portion of the device that provides buoyancy.
3.1.9 freeboard—the minimum vertical height of the device above the water line; for open devices, this is the minimum height
at which water can enter it.
3.1.10 handhold—any strap, handle, depression, or other provision for grasping the device by hand.
This guide is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F20 on Hazardous Substances and Oil Spill Responseand is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F20.11
on Control.
Current edition approved Sept. 1, 2014Nov. 1, 2018. Published November 2014December 2018. Originally approved in 1995. Last previous edition approved in 20092014
as F1599 – 95(2009).(2014). DOI: 10.1520/F1599-95R14.10.1520/F1599-95R18.
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
F1599 − 95 (2018)
3.1.11 lifting point—the structural point(s) on the device designed for the attachment of a lifting device, such as a crane.
3.1.12 liner—accessory or ancillary equipment that provides containment within the container body.
3.1.13 mooring point—the structural point(s) along the length of the device designed for the attachment of anchor or mooring
lines.
3.1.14 overall height—the maximum vertical dimension of the device.
3.1.15 sail—the maximum vertical height of the device above the water-line.
3.1.16 shipping weight—the weight of the device when packaged for transportation.
3.1.17 shipping volume—the volume of the device when packaged for transportation.
3.1.18 stiffener—a component that provides support to the device.
3.1.19 temporary storage device—a collapsible device used to store fluids temporarily.
3.1.20 tension member—any component that carries tension loads imposed on the device.
3.1.21 tow point—structural point(s) on the device designed for the attachment of towing lines.
3.1.22 Engineering Terminology— Terms Associated With Temporary Storage Device Engineering:
3.1.23 drag force—the resisting force on a device that results from it being towed.
3.1.24 gross buoyancy—the weight of fresh water displaced by the device at the point of submergence.
3.1.25 gross buoyancy to weight ratio—the gross buoyancy divided by device weight.
3.1.26 heave response—the ability of the device to react to the vertical motion of the water surface.
3.1.27 maximum capacity—the maximum volumetric capacity of the device as calculated from physical dimensions.
3.1.28 maximum dynamic load—the sum of all instantaneous dynamic loads, including those due to acceleration, wave forces,
etc.
3.1.29 operational capacity—the maximum volumetric capacity of the device per application.
3.1.30 pitch response—the tendency of the device to oscillate about its lateral axis.
3.1.31 rated pressure—the maximum continuous operating pressure of the device, as specified by the manufacturer.
3.1.32 reserve buoyancy—the gross buoyancy minus device weight.
3.1.33 reserve buoyancy to weight ratio—the reserve buoyancy divided by device weight.
3.1.34 roll response—the tendency of the device to rotate about its longitudinal axis due to wave, wind, or current forces.
3.1.35 yaw response—the tendency of the device to oscillate about its vertical axis.
3.1.36 Classification Terminology:
3.1.37 pillow tank—a closed, generally rectangular or round coated fabric tank.
3.1.38 open pool—an open, generally rectangular or round coated fabric tank, similar in structure to a “wading pool.”
3.1.39 towable pillow tank—similar to a pillow tank used on land or on deck, but generally made of heavier material and having
special rigging for towing.
3.1.40 towable flexible tank—a storage device that is generally long and cylindrical in shape and, when full, is largely
submerged, characterized by flexibility along the length of the device.
3.1.41 towable open tank—an open, inflatable, barge-type vessel that resembles a large inflatable boat, characterized by a
portion of the top surface being open to atmosphere.
4. Significance and Use
4.1 This guide covers the collection of quantitative data in the form of storage capacity, strength of materials, filling and
offloading rates, and towability under controlled test conditions. The data can be used for evaluating the design characteristics of
a particular temporary storage device or as a means of comparing two or more devices. Caution must be exercised whenever the
test data are used to predict performance in actual spill situations since the uncontrolled environmental conditions that affect
performance in the field are rarely identical to conditions in the test facility. Other variables such as mechanical reliability, the
presence of debris, ease of repair, required operator training, operator fatigue, and transportability also affect performance in an
actual spill but are not included in this guide. These variables should be considered along with the test data when making
comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
4.2 Although this guide provides data on the performance of temporary storage devices, all of the combinations of actual
conditions of use are not simulated in this series of tests. In particular, the resistance of the device to grounding, abrasion resistance
of the container body, venting of the device during loading, and other operational issues not covered by this guide should be
considered along with the test data when making comparisons or evaluations of temporary storage devices.
F1599 − 95 (2018)
5. Overall Observations
5.1 For each of the tests that follow, the total manpower required to conduct the procedure and the required ancillary equipment
will be noted in the test record. In addition, the total elapsed time for each portion of the tests will be noted.
5.2 Observations of the buoyancy and stability of the deployed device will be made for the marine testing of towable devices.
5.3 Any observations relative to safety will be entered as part of the test record. These should include any hazardous conditions
noted and limitations due to weather conditions, as well as any safety precautions that were observed or should be observed. If
the manufacturer’s specified operating procedures are found to be deficient relative to safety observations, this should be noted.
5.4 The test series should be videotaped to document the tests and procedures.
6. Initial (Static) Loading Tests
6.1 The storage device, and any enclosed ancillary equipment (for example, flotation collars), should be subjected to the
following tests using air or dyed water, as appropriate, in order to confirm the structural integrity and evaluate (qualitatively) any
leakage. The following is presented as a guideline in the absence of manufacturer-supplied guidelines for performing initial loading
tests.
6.2 Overpressure tests can be extremely dangerous, and precautions should be taken against the possibility of sudden and
complete failure of the device. The following tests use large volumes of water or pressurized air, or both, that could cause injury
to personnel and serious damage to property if released suddenly.
6.3 Closed Devices and Enclosed Ancillaries:
6.3.1 Leak Test—The storage device should be inflated with air to a test pressure, calculated as follows:
σ
P 5
15r
where:
P = test pressure (Pa),
σ = minimum ultimate tensile strength of material (N/m), and
r = radius of largest section (m).
6.3.2 Allow the storage device to stand for 30 min at the test pressure 610 %. Maintaining the test pressure within 610 %,
apply a soapy water solution liberally to the seam areas, fitting joints, valves, and all fabric areas. Record and mark air seepage.
NOTE 1—The inspector must determine what is an acceptable leak since some small air leaks may not necessarily mean that a liquid would leak through
the same hole. Also, some air bubbles may be caused by air forced out between the fabric layers and would not cause a liquid leak.
6.3.2.1 Mark and record the location and extent of any surface or seam irregularities, blisters, or cracks. Recheck these areas
carefully for leaks. The inspector must determine the acceptable level of such surface irregularities.
6.3.3 The storage device may be re-tested if leaks can be stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent repairs.
6.3.4 Overpressure—Pressurize the device to 150 % of the rated pressure (defined in 4.2). Hold for 30 min, and then reduce the
pressure to a safe level and inspect for leaks.
6.3.5 If the device exhibits leaks that are not structural failures, rework it and repeat the leak test of 6.3.1. If the device exhibits
leaks that are from structural failure (that is, loose seams, fabric failure, etc.), rework it as necessary and repeat the overpressure
test of 6.3.4.
6.3.6 Closed devices may also be tested using the procedures of 6.4 to determine whether minor air bubble leaks permit water
to leak through the fabric.
6.4 Open Devices:
6.4.1 Leak Test—The following leak test for open devices can be performed only with the device out of water. If the device
cannot be suspended to allow observation of its bottom when full, a sheet of white water sorbent cloth should be placed under it
to indicate leaks.
6.4.2 Fill the device with water to its full operating level. Color the water with a water marker dye that provides a good color
contrast with the storage device and sorbent cloth. Allow the device to stand for 2 h.
6.4.3 Observe and mark obvious leaks. Wipe the seam and leaking areas with a white water sorbent cloth, and determine
whether colored water has leaked through. Mark and record the leaks. No splits or blisters in the coating or seams shall be
acceptable.
6.4.4 The storage device may be re-tested if the leaks can be stopped by tightening the fittings or by minor permanent repairs.
7. Deployment, Loading, and Towing Tests
7.1 General—A visual examination of the device will be conducted once the temporary storage device has been made ready for
deployment. The material specifications and operational limitations of the hose coupling mechanisms and any other fittings, such
as towing bridle, drogue attachments, or securing devices, should be recorded.
F1599 − 95 (2018)
7.2 Towable Devices:
7.2.1 A test of launching from a pier and preparation for deployment by a towing vessel will be conducted by following the
manufacturer’s instructions for break-out, deployment, and preparation for towing. The test will be considered concluded when the
predesignated vessel is able to tow the device away from the dock in a safe and proper configuration.
7.2.2 Towing tests should be conducted under a range of environmental conditions appropriate to the device’s intended use.
(Classification criteria for calm, protected, and open water are given in Practice F625.) Any differences during the test should be
noted as conditions change. The test will be conducted by following the manufacturer’s instructions or, in the absence thereof, by
the opinion of the vessel operator for the most suitable course for the launching, filling, towing, and recovery operation. The test
will be considered concluded when the response vessel has completed all towing tests and recovered and stowed the device in a
safe and proper configuration.
7.2.3 While towing the device, the required towing force will be measured as a function of increasing tow speed. Dynamic loads
should be measured using a recently calibrated load cell. During the towing tests, manufacturer-specified ma
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