ASTM D1072-06
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases by Combustion and Barium Chloride Titration
Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases by Combustion and Barium Chloride Titration
ABSTRACT
This test method is for the determination of total sulfur in combustible fuel gases and is applicable to natural gases, manufactured gases, mixed gases, and other miscellaneous gaseous fuels. For the use of barium chloride titration following collection of sulfur dioxide by alternative procedures, ammonia, amines, substances producing water soluble cations, and fluorides will interfere with the titration. The apparatus includes the following: (1) burner, (2) chimneys, absorbers, and spray traps, (3) flow meter, (4) vacuum system, (5) air-purifying system, and (6) monometer. The schematic diagrams of the gas burner, combustion and absorption apparatus, suction system, and purified air system are provided. Reagent grade chemicals shall be used in all tests and include: (1) water, (2) denatured ethyl or isopropyl alcohol, (3) barium chloride, standard solution, (4) hydrochloric acid, (5) hydrogen peroxide, (6) iso-propanol, (7) potassium hydrogen phthalate, (8) phenolphthalein, (9) methyl orange indicator solution, (10) silver nitrate solution, (11) sodium carbonate solution, (12) sodium hydroxide solution, (13) sulfuric acid, (14) tetrahydroxyquinone indicator, and (15) thorin indicator. The procedure for the following are detailed: (1) calibration and standardization of sodium hydroxide, sulfuric acid, and barium chloride solutions, (2) preparation of apparatus, (3) sulfur determination, (4) analysis of absorbent, and (5) quality assurance. The formula of calculating the volume of gas in standard cubic feet burned during the determination and the concentration of sulfur from the results of titration are given.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method is for the determination of total sulfur in combustible fuel gases, when present in sulfur concentrations between approximately 25 and 700 mg/m3 (1 to 30 grains per 100 cubic feet). It is applicable to natural gases, manufactured gases, mixed gases, and other miscellaneous gaseous fuels.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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Designation: D1072 − 06
StandardTest Method for
Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases by Combustion and Barium
1
Chloride Titration
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1072; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope alternative procedures are cautioned that ammonia, amines,
substances producing water soluble cations, and fluorides will
1.1 This test method is for the determination of total sulfur
interfere with the titration.
in combustible fuel gases, when present in sulfur concentra-
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tions between approximately 25 and 700 mg/m (1 to 30 grains
5. Apparatus
per 100 cubic feet). It is applicable to natural gases, manufac-
5.1 Burner (Fig. 1), as specified in the Appendix X1.
tured gases, mixed gases, and other miscellaneous gaseous
fuels.
5.2 Chimneys, Absorbers and Spray Traps, (Fig. 2), as
specified in the Appendix X1.
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
as standard.
5.3 Flow meter—A calibrated capillary flow meter for
predetermining and indicating the rate of flow of gas to the
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
burner. The capillary selected should be of such size that at the
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
required rate of flow the differential pressure is at least 20 cm
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
of water. A scale divided into millimeters will then provide a
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
reading precision of 6 0.5 %. Other metering devices, includ-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
ing but not limited to rotameters or dry displacement meters,
2. Referenced Documents
aresuitableprovidedthereadingprecisionis 60.5%orbetter.
2
A flow controlling valve is attached to the inlet connection of
2.1 ASTM Standards:
the flow meter.
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
5.4 Vacuum System—A vacuum manifold equipped with a
3. Summary of Test Method
vacuum regulating device, valves, and other necessary accou-
3.1 Ametered sample of gas is burned in a closed system in
terments. An example vacuum system capable of performing
an atmosphere of sulfur-free air. The oxides of sulfur produced multiple test measurements is shown in Fig. 3. Other vacuum
are absorbed in sodium carbonate solution, where they are
system configurations can be used to perform this test method.
oxidized to sulfate. The sulfate in the absorbent solution is
The vacuum system shall be connected to a vacuum pump
determined by titration with standardized barium chloride
capable of providing a steady gas flow of 3 Lof air per minute
solution, using tetra-hydroxy-quinone (THQ) as an indicator.
through each absorber and capable of maintaining a constant
manifold pressure of approximately 40 cm of water below
4. Interferences
atmospheric pressure.
4.1 There are no known interferences for the determination
5.5 Air-Purifying System—A device supplying purified air
of total sulfur in fuel gases when combustion is followed by
to the burner manifold at a constant pressure of approximately
barium chloride titration. However, users employing barium
200 mm of water and to the chimney manifold at a pressure of
chloride titration following collection of sulfur dioxide by
1 to 2 cm of water. An example system configuration for
multiple tests is illustrated in Fig. 4; however, other air-
purifyingsystemconfigurationscanbeusedtoperformthistest
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD03onGaseous
method.The tubing that connects the chimneys to the manifold
Fuels and is the direct responsibility of D03.05 on Determination of Special
Constituents of Gaseous Fuels.
shall be of an internal diameter not smaller than 0.63 cm in
Current edition approved June 1, 2006. Published June 2006. Originally
order to prevent unnecessary restriction of airflow.
approved in 1954. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D1072 – 90 (1999).
DOI: 10.1520/D1072-06.
5.6 Manometer—A water manometer for indicating the gas
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
pressure at the point of volume measurement. It is connected
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
between the flowmeter and the burner, with one leg open to the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. atmosphere.
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D1072 − 06
6.10 Methyl Orange (CAS No 547-58-
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