ASTM D6384-11
(Terminology)Standard Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
Standard Terminology Relating to Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biodegradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
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Designation: D6384 − 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-down or
transformation of a substance caused by organisms or their
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biode-
enzymes. D5864
gradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
biomass, n—biological material including any material other
2. Referenced Documents
than fossil fuels which is or was a living organism or
2 component or product of a living organism.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
DISCUSSION—In biology and environmental science, biomass is
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Bio-
typically expressed as density of biological material per unit sample
degradation of Lubricants or Their Components 2
volume, area, or mass (g biomass/g(or/mLor/cm ) sample); when
D6139 Test Method for Determining the Aerobic Aquatic
used for products derived from organisms biomass is typically ex-
3
Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components Using
pressed in terms of mass (kg, MT, etc.) or volume (L, m , bbl, etc.).
the Gledhill Shake Flask
DISCUSSION—Products of living organisms include those materials
produced directly by living organisms as metabolites (for example,
3. Terminology ethanol, various carbohydrates and fatty acids), materials manufactured
by processing living organisms (for example, pellets manufactured by
activated sludge, n—the precipitated solid matter, consisting
shredding and pelletizing plant material) and materials produced by
mainly of bacteria and other aquatic microrganisms, that is
processing living organisms, their components or metabolites (for
producedatadomesticwastewatertreatmentplant;activated example, transesterified oil; also called biodiesel).
sludge is used primarily in secondary sewage treatment to
blank, n—in biodegradability testing, a test system containing
microbially oxidize dissolved organic matter in the effluent.
all system components with the exception of the test
D6139
material.
acute ecotoxicity, n—the propensity of a test material to
chronic ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in
produce adverse behavioral, biochemical, or physiological
which a representative subpopulation of organisms is ex-
effects in non-human organisms or populations in a short
posedtodifferenttreatratesofatestmaterialandisobserved
period, usually not constituting a substantial portion of the
foraperiodoftimewhichconstitutesamajorportionoftheir
life span.
life span.
acute ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in
ecotoxicity, n—the propensity of a test material to produce
which a representative subpopulation of organisms is ex-
adverse behavioral, biochemical, or physiological effects in
posedtodifferenttreatratesofatestmaterialandisobserved
non-human organisms or populations.
for a short period, usually not constituting a substantial
effect load XX (ELXX), n—a statistically or graphically
portion of their life span.
estimated loading rate of test material that is expected to
aerobic, adj—(1 ) taking place in the presence of oxygen; (2) cause one or more specified effects in XX % of a represen-
living or active in the presence of oxygen. D6139
tative subpopulation of organisms under specified condi-
tions.
DISCUSSION—Thisterminologyshouldbeusedinsteadofthestandard
ECXX when the test material is not completely soluble at the test treat
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
rates.
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.12 on
Environmental Standards for Lubricants.
environmental compartment, n—a subdivision of the envi-
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally
ronment based on physical or chemical properties, or both.
approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6384–99a(2005).
DISCUSSION—Examples of environmental compartments are aerobic
DOI: 10.1520/D6384-11.
fresh water, aerobic marine, aerobic soil, and anaerobic media. The
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
results of test procedures may be applied to environmental
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
compartments, but the test systems do not constitute an environmental
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. compartment.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Co
...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D6384–99a (Reapproved 2005) Designation: D6384 – 11
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Biodegradability and Ecotoxicity of Lubricants
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D6384; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers definitions relating to biodegradability and ecotoxicity of lubricants.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D5864 Test Method for Determining Aerobic Aquatic Biodegradation of Lubricants or Their Components
D6139 TestMethodforDeterminingtheAerobicAquaticBiodegradationofLubricantsorTheirComponentsUsingtheGledhill
Shake Flask
3. Terminology
activatedsludge, n—the precipitated solid matter, consisting mainly of bacteria and other aquatic microrganisms, that is produced
at a domestic wastewater treatment plant; activated sludge is used primarily in secondary sewage treatment to microbially
oxidize dissolved organic matter in the effluent. D6139
acute ecotoxicity, n—the propensity of a test material to produce adverse behavioral, biochemical, or physiological effects in
non-human organisms or populations in a short period, usually not constituting a substantial portion of the life span.
acute ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in which a representative subpopulation of organisms is exposed to
different treat rates of a test material and is observed for a short period, usually not constituting a substantial portion of their
life span.
aerobic, adj—(1 ) taking place in the presence of oxygen; (2) living or active in the presence of oxygen. D6139
biodegradation, n—the process of chemical break-down or transformation of a substance caused by organisms or their enzymes.
D5864
biomass, n—any material, excluding fossil fuels, which is or was, a living organism or component of a living organism.
—biological material including any material other than fossil fuels which is or was a living organism or component or product
of a living organism.
DISCUSSION—In biology and environmental science, biomass is typically expressed as density of biological material per unit sample volume, area,
2
or mass (g biomass/g(or/mLor/cm ) sample); when used for products derived from organisms biomass is typically expressed in terms of mass
3
(kg, MT, etc.) or volume (L, m , bbl, etc.).
DISCUSSION—Products of living organisms include those materials produced directly by living organisms as metabolites (for example, ethanol,
various carbohydrates and fatty acids), materials manufactured by processing living organisms (for example, pellets manufactured by shredding and
pelletizing plant material) and materials produced by processing living organisms, their components or metabolites (for example, transesterified oil;
also called biodiesel).
blank, n—in biodegradability testing, a test system containing all system components with the exception of the test material.
chronic ecotoxicity test, n—a comparative ecotoxicity test in which a representative subpopulation of organisms is exposed to
different treat rates of a test material and is observed for a period of time which constitutes a major portion of their life span.
ecotoxicity, n—thepropensityofatestmaterialtoproduceadversebehavioral,biochemical,orphysiologicaleffectsinnon-human
organisms or populations.
effect load XX (ELXX), n—a statistically or graphically estimated loading rate of test material that is expected to cause one or
more specified effects in XX % of a representative subpopulation of organisms under specified conditions.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and is the direct responsibility of D02.12 on Environmental
Standards for Lubricants.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2005. Published November 2005. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 1999 as D6384–99a . DOI:
10.1520/D6384-99AR05.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2011. Published March 2011. Originally approved in 1999. Last previous edition approved in 2005 as D6384–99a(2005). DOI:
10.1520/D6384-11.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book ofASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
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