ASTM D5568-01
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave Frequencies
Standard Test Method for Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave Frequencies
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
Design calculations for Radio Frequency (RF), microwave and millimeter-wave components require the knowledge of values of complex permittivity and permeability at operating frequencies. This test method is useful for evaluating batch type or continuous production of material for use in electromagnetic applications. It may be used to determine complex permittivity only or both complex permittivity and permeability simultaneously.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and loss index) and relative magnetic permeability of isotropic, reciprocal (nongyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is nonmagnetic, this procedure may be used to measure permittivity only.
1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency range of approximately 1 MHz to 50 GHz. These limits are not exact and depend on the size of the specimen, the size and type of transmission line used as a specimen holder, and on the applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to make measurements. The lower frequency is limited by the smallest measurable phase shift through a specimen, and the upper frequency limit is determined by the excitation of higher-order modes that invalidates the dominant-mode transmission line model. Any number of discrete measurement frequencies may be selected in this frequency range. To achieve maximum measurement accuracy, use of different transmission line sizes and types may be required. For example, use of a 7-mm diameter coaxial geometry can provide for measurements from 1 MHz to 18 GHz. However, air gaps that exist between the specimen and the transmission line's conductors introduce errors that may necessitate the use of a larger diameter coaxial transmission line and a series of rectangular wave guides of different size to cover this frequency range.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Standards Content (Sample)
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An American National Standard
Designation: D 5568 – 01
Standard Test Method for
Measuring Relative Complex Permittivity and Relative
Magnetic Permeability of Solid Materials at Microwave
1
Frequencies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D5568; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 2. Referenced Documents
1.1 This test method covers a procedure for determining 2.1 ASTM Standards:
3
relative complex permittivity (relative dielectric constant and D1711 Terminology Relating to Electrical Insulation
loss index) and relative magnetic permeability of isotropic,
3. Terminology
reciprocal (nongyromagnetic) solid materials. If the material is
nonmagnetic, this procedure may be used to measure permit- 3.1 For other definitions used in this test method, refer to
Terminology D1711.
tivity only.
1.2 This measurement method is valid over a frequency 3.2 Definitions:
3.2.1 relative complex permittivity (relative complex dielec-
rangeofapproximately1MHzto50GHz.Theselimitsarenot
exactanddependonthesizeofthespecimen,thesizeandtype tric constant) (relative complex capacitivity), e , n—the ratio
R
oftheadmittanceofagivenconfigurationofthematerialtothe
of transmission line used as a specimen holder, and on the
applicable frequency range of the network analyzer used to admittance of the same configuration with vacuum as dielec-
tric:
make measurements. The lower frequency is limited by the
smallest measurable phase shift through a specimen, and the
Y Y
e* 5 5 5e8 2 je9 , (1)
R R R
upper frequency limit is determined by the excitation of
Y jvCy
y
higher-order modes that invalidates the dominant-mode trans-
where Y is the admittance with the material and jvC8y is the
mission line model. Any number of discrete measurement
admittance with vacuum.
frequencies may be selected in this frequency range. To
3.2.1.1 Discussion—In common usage the word “relative”
achieve maximum measurement accuracy, use of different
is frequently dropped. The real part of complex relative
transmission line sizes and types may be required. For ex-
permittivity (e8 ) is often referred to as simply relative permit-
R
ample, use of a 7-mm diameter coaxial geometry can provide
tivity, permittivity or dielectric constant.The imaginary part of
for measurements from 1 MHz to 18 GHz. However, air gaps
complex relative permittivity (e9 ) is often referred to as the
R
that exist between the specimen and the transmission line’s
loss index. In anisotropic media, permittivity is described by a
2
conductors introduce errors that may necessitate the use of a
three dimensional tensor.
larger diameter coaxial transmission line and a series of
3.2.2 For the purposes of this test method, the media is
rectangular wave guides of different size to cover this fre-
consideredtobeisotropic,andthereforepermittivityisasingle
quency range.
complex number.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the
3.3 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
3.3.1 A list of symbols specific to this test method is given
only.
in Annex A1.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3.3.2 calibration, n—a procedure for connecting character-
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
ized standard devices to the test ports of a network analyzer to
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
characterize the measurement system’s systematic errors. The
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
effects of the systematic errors are then mathematically re-
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
moved from the indicated measurements. The calibration also
establishes the mathematical reference plane for the measure-
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This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D09 on
ment test ports.
Electrical and Electronic Insulating Materials and is the direct responsibility of
3.3.2.1 Discussion—Modern network analyzers have this
Subcommittee D09.12 on Electrical Tests.
capability built in. There are a variety of calibration kits that
Current edition approved Mar. 10, 2001. Published May 2001. Originally
published as D5568–94. Last previous edition D5568–95.
2
ASTMSTP926“EngineeringDielectrics,Volume11B,ElectricalPropertiesof
3
Solid Insulating Materials: Measurement Techniques,” 1987. Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 10.01.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
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