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ASTM D3822/D3822M-14(2020)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers

Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D3822 using test specimens having gauge lengths of 10 mm [0.4 in.] or greater is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of commercial shipments since the test method has been used extensively in the trade for acceptance testing. Critical differences noted in Tables 1 and 2 were obtained on man-made fibers having a gauge length of 25 mm [1.0 in.] and 250 mm [10 in.]. Natural fibers or fibers having lesser or greater gauge lengths may provide different values and may require comparative testing. (See 5.1.1.)  (A) The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960, which is based on infinite degrees of freedom.  (A) The critical differences were calculated using t = 1.960, which is based on infinite degrees of freedom  
5.1.1 In cases of a dispute arising from differences in reported test results when using Test Method D3822 for acceptance testing of commercial shipments, the purchaser and the supplier should conduct comparative tests to determine if there is a statistical bias between their laboratories. Competent statistical assistance is recommended for the investigation of bias. As a minimum, the two parties should take a group of test specimens which are as homogeneous as possible and which are from a lot of material of the type in question. The test specimens should then be randomly assigned in equal numbers to each laboratory for testing. The average results from the two laboratories should be compared using Student's t-test for unpaired data and an acceptable probability level chosen by the two parties before the testing begins. If a bias is found, either its cause must be found and corrected or the purchaser and the supplier must agree to interpret future test results for that material in view of test results with consideration to the known bias.  
5.2 The breaking tenacity, calculated from the breaking force and the linear density, and the elongation are fundamental properties that are widely used to establish limitations on f...
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of sufficient length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile testing machine.  
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (filament) and discontinuous (staple) fibers or filaments taken from yarns or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or texturing process, the tensile properties are determined after removal of the crimp.  
Note 1: Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is discontinued.  
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchangeably throughout this test method.  
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It should be recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers. Consequently, tensile properties determined on fibers taken from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into fabrics, may be different than for the same fibers prior to being subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.  
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers and for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified elongation, and breaking toughness.  
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both conditioned and wet single fibers are included. The test method is applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.  
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile properties determined may decrease, which may require the need to increase the number of test specimens. T...

General Information

Status
Published
Publication Date
31-Jan-2020
ICS
59.060.01 - Textile fibres in general
Technical Committee
D13 - Textiles
Drafting Committee
D13.58 - Yarns and Fibers
Current Stage
Ref Project

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ASTM D3822/D3822M-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile FibersASTM D3822/D3822M-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
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ASTM D3822/D3822M-14(2020) - Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
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This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D3822/D3822M − 14 (Reapproved 2020)
Standard Test Method for
1
Tensile Properties of Single Textile Fibers
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3822/D3822M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope particularly true for those properties dependent on the mea-
surement of elongation, since the shorter lengths increase the
1.1 This test method covers the measurement of tensile
relative effect of slippage and stretching of the test specimens
properties of natural and man-made single textile fibers of
within the jaws of either clamp.
sufficient length to permit mounting test specimens in a tensile
testing machine. 1.8 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
1.2 This test method is also applicable to continuous (fila-
eachsystemarenotnecessarilyexactequivalents;therefore,to
ment)anddiscontinuous(staple)fibersorfilamentstakenfrom
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
yarns or tow. When the fibers to be tested contain crimp, or if
used independently of the other, and values from the two
the tow or yarns have been subjected to bulking, crimping, or
systems shall not be combined.
texturing process, the tensile properties are determined after
1.9 This standard does not purport to address all of the
removal of the crimp.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
NOTE 1—Testing of filaments taken from yarns or tow, included in this
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
test method was originally covered in Test Method D2101, that is
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
discontinued.
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.3 The words “fiber” and “filament” are used interchange-
1.10 This international standard was developed in accor-
ably throughout this test method.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
1.4 This test method is also applicable to fibers removed
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
from yarns, or from yarns processed further into fabrics. It
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
should be recognized that yarn and manufacturing processes
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
can influence or modify the tensile properties of fibers.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Consequently, tensile properties determined on fibers taken
from yarns, or from yarns that have been processed into 2. Referenced Documents
fabrics, may be different than for the same fibers prior to being 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
subjected to yarn or fabric manufacturing processes.
D76Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for Textiles
1.5 This test method provides directions for measuring the D123Terminology Relating to Textiles
breaking force and elongation at break of single textile fibers D629Test Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Textiles
and for calculating breaking tenacity, initial modulus, chord D1577Test Methods for Linear Density of Textile Fibers
modulus, tangent modulus, tensile stress at specified D1776Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
elongation, and breaking toughness. D2101Test Method for Tensile Properties of Single Man-
Made Textile Fibers Taken From Yarns and Tows (With-
1.6 Procedures for measuring the tensile properties of both
3
drawn 1995)
conditionedandwetsinglefibersareincluded.Thetestmethod
D2258Practice for Sampling Yarn for Testing
is applicable to testing under a wide range of conditions.
D3333Practice for Sampling Manufactured Staple Fibers,
1.7 As the length of the test specimen decreases, the tensile
Sliver, or Tow for Testing
strength is likely to increase, but the accuracy of the tensile
D4849Terminology Related to Yarns and Fibers
properties determined may decrease, which may require the
E178Practice for Dealing With Outlying Observations
need to increase the number of test specimens. This is
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
ThistestmethodisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD13onTextiles contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.58 on Yarns and Fibers. Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved Feb. 1, 2020. Published February 2020. Or
...

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5.3 Information shall be evaluated in a flexible manner consistent with the needs of the authorizing program. This requires proper characterization of the current problem. For example, compounds may be ranked relative to the environmental criteria of the prospective alternatives, the replacement compound, and within bo...
SCOPE
1.1 This guide is intended to determine the relative environmental influence of new substances, consistent with the research and development (R&D) level of effort and is intended to be applied in a logical, tiered manner that parallels both the available funding and the stage of research, development, testing, and evaluation. Specifically, conservative assumptions, relationships, and models are recommended early in the research stage, and as the technology is matured, empirical data will be developed and used. Munition constituents are included and may include propellants, oxidizers, explosives, binders, stabilizers, metals, dyes, and other compounds used in the formulation to produce a desired effect. Munition systems range from projectiles, grenades, rockets/missiles, training simulators, to smokes and obscurants. Given the complexity of issues involved in the assessment of environmental fate and effects and the diversity of the systems used, this guide is broad in scope and not intended to address every factor that may be important in an environmental context. Rather, it is intended to reduce uncertainty at minimal cost by considering the most important factors related to human health and environmental impacts of energetic materials. This guide provides an outline for collecting data useful in a relative ranking procedure to provide the systems scientist with a sound basis for prospectively determining a selection of candidates based on environmental and human health criteria. The general principles in this guide are applicable to substances other than energetics if intended to be used in a similar manner with similar exposure profiles.  
1.2 The scope of this guide includes:  
1.2.1 Energetic and other new/novel materials and compositions in all stages of research, development, test and evaluation.  
1.2.2 Environmental assessment, including:
1.2.2.1 Human and ecological effects of the unexploded energetics and ...

  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
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  • Guide
    9 pages
    English language
    sale 15% off