ASTM G105-02(2007)
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests (Withdrawn 2016)
Standard Test Method for Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests (Withdrawn 2016)
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The severity of abrasive wear in any system will depend upon the abrasive particle size, shape and hardness, the magnitude of the stress imposed by the particle, and the frequency of contact of the abrasive particle. In this test method these conditions are standardized to develop a uniform condition of wear which has been referred to as scratching abrasion (1 and 2). Since the test method does not attempt to duplicate all of the process conditions (abrasive size, shape, pressure, impact or corrosive elements), it should not be used to predict the exact resistance of a given material in a specific environment. The value of the test method lies in predicting the ranking of materials in a similar relative order of merit as would occur in an abrasive environment. Volume loss data obtained from test materials whose lives are unknown in a specific abrasive environment may, however, be compared with test data obtained from a material whose life is known in the same environment. The comparison will provide a general indication of the worth of the unknown materials if abrasion is the predominant factor causing deterioration of the materials.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimeters. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a lower volume loss.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
WITHDRAWN RATIONALE
This test method covered laboratory procedures for determining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It was the intent of this procedure to provide data that would reproducibly rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.
Formerly under the jurisdiction of Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion, this test method was withdrawn in January 2016 in accordance with section 10.5.3.1 of the Regulations Governing ASTM Technical Committees, which requires that standards shall be updated by the end of the eighth year since the last approval date.
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Designation: G105 − 02(Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
1
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
3
1. Scope 2.2 SAE Standard:
SAE J200Classification System for Rubber Materials
1.1 This test method covers laboratory procedures for de-
termining the resistance of metallic materials to scratching
3. Terminology
abrasion by means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the
intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly 3.1 Definitions:
rank materials in their resistance to scratching abrasion under
3.1.1 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard
a specified set of conditions.
protuberancesforcedagainstandmovingalongasolidsurface.
3.1.1.1 Discussion—This definition covers several different
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in
wear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear
cubic millimeters. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will
category. These modes may degrade a surface by scratching,
have a lower volume loss.
4
cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and 2). G40
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as
standard. The values given in parentheses are for information
4. Summary of Test Method
only.
4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) in-
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
volves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurry
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
containing grit of controlled size and composition. The abra-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
sive is introduced between the test specimen and a rotating
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
wheel with a neoprene rubber tire or rim of a specified
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
hardness. The test specimen is pressed against the rotating
2. Referenced Documents wheel at a specified force by means of a lever arm while the
2 grit abrades the test surface. The rotation of the wheel is such
2.1 ASTM Standards:
that stirring paddles on both sides agitate the abrasive slurry
D2000Classification System for Rubber Products in Auto-
through which it passes to provide grit particles to be carried
motive Applications
across the contact face in the direction of wheel rotation.
D2240TestMethodforRubberProperty—DurometerHard-
ness
4.2 Three wheels are required with nominal Shore A
E11Specification forWovenWireTest Sieve Cloth andTest
Durometer hardnesses of 50, 60, and 70, with a hardness
Sieves
toleranceof 62.0.Arun-inisconductedwiththe50Durometer
E122PracticeforCalculatingSampleSizetoEstimate,With
wheel, followed by the test with 50, 60, and 70 Durometer
Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a
wheelsinorderofincreasinghardness.Specimensareweighed
Lot or Process
before and after each run and the loss in mass recorded. The
E177Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
logarithms of mass loss are plotted as a function of measured
ASTM Test Methods
rubber wheel hardness and a test value is determined from a
G40Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
least square line as the mass loss at 60.0 Durometer. It is
necessary to convert the mass loss to volume loss, due to wide
differences in density of materials, in order to obtain a ranking
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear
of materials.Abrasion is then reported as volume loss in cubic
and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive
millimetres.
Wear.
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally
approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as G105–02. DOI:
10.1520/G0105-02R07.
2 3
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
4
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on Theboldfacenumbersinparenthesesrefertothelistofreferencesattheendof
the ASTM website. this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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G105 − 02 (2007)
FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of the Wear Test Apparatus
5. Significance and Use (1-7)
5.1 Theseverityofabrasivewearinanysystemwilldepend
upon the abrasive particle size
...
This document is not anASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of anASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:G105–02 Designation: G 105 – 02 (Reapproved 2007)
Standard Test Method for
1
Conducting Wet Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Tests
This standard is issued under the fixed designation G105; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision.Anumber in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 Thistestmethodcoverslaboratoryproceduresfordeterminingtheresistanceofmetallicmaterialstoscratchingabrasionby
means of the wet sand/rubber wheel test. It is the intent of this procedure to provide data that will reproducibly rank materials in
their resistance to scratching abrasion under a specified set of conditions.
1.2 Abrasion test results are reported as volume loss in cubic millimeters. Materials of higher abrasion resistance will have a
lower volume loss.
1.3Values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. Inch-pound units are provided for information only.
1.3
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D2000 Classification System for Rubber Products in Automotive Applications
D2240 Test Method for Rubber Property—Durometer Hardness
E11 Specification for Wire- Cloth and Sieves for Testing Purposes
E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With a Specified Tolerable Error, Precision, the Average for a
Characteristic of a Lot or Process
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion
3
2.2 Other Standard: SAE Standard:
SAE J200
SAE J200 Classification System for Rubber Materials
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
3.2 abrasive wear—wear due to hard particles or hard protuberances forced against and moving along a solid surface
(Terminology G40). surface.
3.1.13.2.1 Discussion—This definition covers several different wear modes or mechanisms that fall under the abrasive wear
4
category. These modes may degrade a surface by scratching, cutting, deformation, or gouging (1 and 2)., G40
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The wet sand/rubber wheel abrasion test (Fig. 1) involves the abrading of a standard test specimen with a slurry containing
gritofcontrolledsizeandcomposition.Theabrasiveisintroducedbetweenthetestspecimenandarotatingwheelwithaneoprene
rubber tire or rim of a specified hardness. The test specimen is pressed against the rotating wheel at a specified force by means
of a lever arm while the grit abrades the test surface. The rotation of the wheel is such that stirring paddles on both sides agitate
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee G02 on Wear and Erosion and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee G02.30 on Abrasive Wear.
´1
Current edition approved Nov. 10, 2002. Published January 2003. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 1997 as G105–89 (1997) .
Current edition approved July 1, 2007. Published September 2007. Originally approved in 1989. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as G105–02.
2
ForreferencedASTMstandards,visittheASTMwebsite,www.astm.org,orcontactASTMCustomerServiceatservice@astm.org.For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, Vols 09.02. volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
3
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 09.01.
3
Available from Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE), 400 Commonwealth Dr., Warrendale, PA 15096-0001.
4
Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol 14.02.
4
The boldface numbers in parentheses refer to the list of references at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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G 105 – 02 (2007)
FIG. 1 Schematic Diagram of the Wear Test Apparatus
the abrasive slurry through which it passes to provide grit particles to be carried across the contact face in the direction of wheel
rotation.
4.2 ThreewheelsarerequiredwithnominalShoreADurometerhardnessesof50,60,and70,withahardnesstoleranceof 62.0.
A run-in is conducted with the 50 Durometer wheel, followed by the test with 50, 60, and 70 Durometer wheels in order of
increasing hardness. Sp
...
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