ASTM D4034/D4034M-19
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Resistance to Yarn Slippage at the Sewn Seam in Woven Upholstery Fabrics
Standard Test Method for Resistance to Yarn Slippage at the Sewn Seam in Woven Upholstery Fabrics
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 Test Method D4034 for measuring the resistance to fabric yarn slippage is considered satisfactory for acceptance testing of woven upholstery fabrics.
5.1.1 In case of disagreement arising from differences in values reported by the purchaser and the supplier when using this test method for acceptance testing, the statistical bias, if any, between the laboratory of the supplier and the laboratory of the purchaser should be determined with comparisons being based on the testing of specimens taken from a lot of material of the type evaluated to be as nearly homogeneous as possible and then randomly assigned in equal numbers to each of the laboratories.
5.2 This test method is intended to measure fabric yarn slippage at the sewn seam in upholstery fabrics under controlled conditions. This test method may not indicate actual field performance.
5.3 Fabrics that do not meet the requirements agreed upon between the purchaser and supplier should be classified as “delicate yarn slippage resistance” and the purchaser and furniture manufacturer so notified.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method measures the resistance to slippage of warp yarns over filling yarns, or filling yarns over warp yarns, in woven upholstery fabrics, using a specific standard seam assembly by comparing the differences in test curves from a sewn and unsewn sample.
Note 1: This test method is derived from Test Method D434, from which appropriate changes have been made to make the method more applicable for upholstery fabrics.
Note 2: This test method is designed to be a fabric test and is considered to be technically different than Test Method D1683, which is considered to be a yarn / seam test.
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be used independently of the other, and values from the two systems shall not be combined.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D4034/D4034M − 19
Standard Test Method for
Resistance to Yarn Slippage at the Sewn Seam in Woven
1
Upholstery Fabrics
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D4034/D4034M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the
year of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last
reapproval. A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D76/D76M Specification for Tensile Testing Machines for
Textiles
1.1 This test method measures the resistance to slippage of
D123 Terminology Relating to Textiles
warp yarns over filling yarns, or filling yarns over warp yarns,
D434 Test Method for Resistance to Slippage of Yarns in
in woven upholstery fabrics, using a specific standard seam
Woven Fabrics Using a Standard Seam (Withdrawn
assembly by comparing the differences in test curves from a
3
2003)
sewn and unsewn sample.
D1683 Test Method for Failure in Sewn Seams of Woven
NOTE 1—This test method is derived from Test Method D434, from
Fabrics
which appropriate changes have been made to make the method more
applicable for upholstery fabrics.
D1776 Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles
NOTE 2—This test method is designed to be a fabric test and is
D4850 Terminology Relating to Fabrics and Fabric Test
considered to be technically different than Test Method D1683, which is
Methods
considered to be a yarn / seam test.
D5034 TestMethodforBreakingStrengthandElongationof
1.2 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units
Textile Fabrics (Grab Test)
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in
D6193 Practice for Stitches and Seams
each system are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore, to
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in
ensure conformance with the standard, each system shall be
ASTM Test Methods
used independently of the other, and values from the two
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to
systems shall not be combined.
Determine the Precision of a Test Method
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the
3. Terminology
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
3.1 Definitions:
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
3.1.1 direction of slippage, n—at the seam, the line of
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
movement parallel to either the filling or the warp on a woven
1.4 This international standard was developed in accor-
fabric.
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
3.1.2 resistance to yarn slippage, n—the force in Newtons
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
or pounds-force required to displace one or more yarns in a
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
wovenfabricfromtheoriginalposition,resultingindifferences
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
in alignment, or spacing, or both.
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
3.1.3 sewn seam, n—in sewn fabrics, a juncture at which
two or more planar structures such as textile fabrics, are joined
2. Referenced Documents
2 by sewing, usually near the edge.
2.1 ASTM Standards:
3.2 For definitions of other textile terms used in this test
method, refer to Terminologies D123 and D4850.
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D13 on
Textiles and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D13.59 on Fabric Test
4. Summary of Test Method
Methods, General.
4.1 Resistance to yarn slippage is determined on a specimen
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2019. Published December 2019. Originally
approved in 1981. Last previous edition approved in 1992 as D4034 - 92 which was
made from pieces of the same fabric that have been stitched
withdrawn January 2001 and reinstated in November 2019. DOI: 10.1520/D4034_
together in a specified manner (see 9.3). First, tension is
D4034M-19.
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
3
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on The last approved version of this historical standard is referenced on
the ASTM website. www.astm.org.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
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D4034/D4034M − 19
applied to the unseamed part of the specimen using a constant thread shall be 380 denier [42 tex] a
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