ASTM D7208-23

Standard Test Method for Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
5.1 This test method evaluates a system of temporary ditch checks and their means of installation to:  
5.1.1 Reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations in stormwater runoff under conditions of varying channel conditions and soil type; and  
5.1.2 Improve water quality exiting the area disturbed by earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids.  
5.2 This test method models and examines conditions typically found on construction sites involving earthwork activities, including: highways and roads; airports; residential, commercial and industrial developments; pipelines, mines, and landfills; golf courses; etc.  
5.3 This test method is a performance test. It is a comparative tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of different temporary ditch checks. Take caution when comparing results from different laboratories because information about between-laboratory precision is incomplete and slight differences in soil and other environmental and geotechnical conditions may affect.
Note 1: The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the guidelines, requirements, and procedures for evaluating the ability of temporary ditch check systems to protect earthen channels from stormwater-induced erosion. Critical elements of this protection are the ability of the temporary ditch check to:  
1.1.1 Slow or pond runoff, or both, to encourage sedimentation, thereby reducing soil particle transport downstream;  
1.1.2 Trap soil particles up stream of structure; and  
1.1.3 Decrease soil erosion.  
1.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures, rather than reduced-scale (bench-scale) simulation, and is patterned after conditions typically found on construction sites at the conclusion of earthwork operations, but prior to the start of revegetation work. Therefore this test method considers only unvegetated conditions.  
1.3 This test method provides a comparative evaluation of a temporary ditch check to baseline bare soil conditions under controlled and documented conditions.  
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.  
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard.  
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to commensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.  
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.  
1.7 This international standard was ...

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 14-Jan-2023
• ICS: 93.140 - Construction of waterways, ports and dykes
• Technical Committee: D18 - Soil and Rock
• Drafting Committee: D18.25 - Erosion and Sediment Control Technology

Relations

• Refers: ASTM D6460-24 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2024
• Refers: ASTM D3740-23 - Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Nov-2023
• Refers: ASTM D3740-19 - Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Oct-2019
• Refers: ASTM D6460-19 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
• Effective Date: 15-Jul-2019
• Refers: ASTM D2937-17e2 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-Cylinder Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM D2937-17e1 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-Cylinder Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM D2937-17 - Standard Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-Cylinder Method
• Effective Date: 01-Feb-2017
• Refers: ASTM D653-14 - Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Aug-2014
• Refers: ASTM D698-12e1 - Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft³ (600 kN-m/m³))
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM D698-12 - Standard Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12 400 ft-lbf/ft³ (600 kN-m/m³))
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM D3740-12a - Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• Effective Date: 01-May-2012
• Refers: ASTM D3740-12 - Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2012
• Refers: ASTM D6460-12 - Standard Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
• Effective Date: 01-Mar-2012
• Refers: ASTM D653-11 - Standard Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2011
• Refers: ASTM D3740-11 - Standard Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in Engineering Design and Construction
• Effective Date: 01-Sep-2011

Overview

ASTM D7208-23: Standard Test Method for Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion provides industry-recognized procedures for evaluating how well temporary ditch checks protect unvegetated earth channels from stormwater erosion. This performance-focused method supports erosion and sediment control efforts by offering a comparative assessment of different temporary ditch check systems under full-scale, field-simulated conditions. The test primarily targets soil loss reduction, sediment retention, and improved water quality in disturbed areas such as those commonly found on construction sites after earthwork.

Key Topics

• Evaluation Procedure
  • Uses full-scale, controlled tests that mimic post-earthwork, pre-revegetation channel conditions.
  • Measures how temporary ditch checks slow runoff, promote sedimentation, and reduce the downstream transport of soil particles.
  • Assesses sediment trapping efficiency and reduction of soil erosion compared to bare soil.
• Data Collection and Reporting
  • Detailed data collection on channel configuration, flow conditions, and performance metrics including the Clopper Soil Loss Index (CSLI) and Soil Aggradation Index (SAI).
  • Requires documentation of soil types, ditch check installation details, meteorological data, and photographs.
• Test Conditions
  • Applies to various soil types, channel geometries, and flow scenarios found on active earthwork sites.
  • Recommended for use on unvegetated channels prior to establishment of permanent vegetation or stabilization.
  • Focuses on conditions present during construction activities on roads, airports, pipelines, developments, mines, and similar projects.
• Comparative Performance
  • Enables consistent side-by-side evaluation of different temporary ditch check products or installation methods.
  • Results can be used for quality control and conformance to project specifications.

Applications

ASTM D7208-23 is highly valuable for:

• Construction and civil engineering projects involving earthmoving and grading, where temporary erosion control is required before permanent stabilization.
• Stormwater management and compliance, assisting contractors and engineers in meeting regulatory requirements for erosion and sediment control.
• Product development and certification for manufacturers of temporary ditch checks such as wattles, straw bales, rock bags, or other non-permanent barriers.
• Project design and selection, informing stakeholders of the relative effectiveness of various ditch check solutions under realistic site conditions.

Example Application Areas

• Highways, roads, and airport construction sites
• Residential, commercial, and industrial developments
• Pipeline installations and repairs
• Golf courses, landfill operations, and mining sites

Related Standards

• ASTM D653 - Terminology relating to soil, rock, and contained fluids
• ASTM D698 - Laboratory compaction characteristics of soil
• ASTM D2937 - Density of soil in place by the drive-cylinder method
• ASTM D3740 - Minimum requirements for agencies engaged in geotechnical testing and inspection
• ASTM D6026 - Guidelines for significant digits and data records in geotechnical data
• ASTM D6460 - Test method for rolled erosion control product (RECP) performance in protecting earthen channels

Practical Value

Implementing ASTM D7208-23 ensures:

• Reliable comparison and quality assurance for erosion control products.
• Enhanced stormwater management through evidence-based selection of temporary ditch checks.
• Support for meeting environmental regulations and best practices in soil and water conservation on construction sites.

Keywords:

erosion control, temporary ditch check, stormwater management, sediment retention, soil loss, construction site compliance, ASTM D7208

Standards Content (Sample)

This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
Designation: D7208 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in
Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced
Erosion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7208; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope ations for the user’s objectives; and it is common practice to
increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to com-
1.1 This test method covers the guidelines, requirements,
mensurate with these considerations. It is beyond the scope of
and procedures for evaluating the ability of temporary ditch
this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis
check systems to protect earthen channels from stormwater-
methods for engineering design.
induced erosion. Critical elements of this protection are the
ability of the temporary ditch check to:
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the
1.1.1 Slow or pond runoff, or both, to encourage
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
sedimentation, thereby reducing soil particle transport down-
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
stream;
priate safety, health, and environmental practices and deter-
1.1.2 Trap soil particles up stream of structure; and
mine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.1.3 Decrease soil erosion.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accor-
1.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures,
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard-
rather than reduced-scale (bench-scale) simulation, and is
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the
patterned after conditions typically found on construction sites
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom-
at the conclusion of earthwork operations, but prior to the start
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
of revegetation work. Therefore this test method considers only
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
unvegetated conditions.
1.3 This test method provides a comparative evaluation of a 2. Referenced Documents
temporary ditch check to baseline bare soil conditions under
2.1 ASTM Standards:
controlled and documented conditions.
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded
Fluids
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Character-
conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for
istics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600
information only and are not considered standard.
kN-m/m ))
D2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the
Drive-Cylinder Method
guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in
Practice D6026 unless superseded by this standard. D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies
Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/
recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the Used in Engineering Design and Construction
industry standard. In addition, they are representative of the D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Re-
significant digits that should generally be retained. The proce- cords in Geotechnical Data
dures used do not consider material variation, purpose for D6460 Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion
obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any consider-
Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting
Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and
Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and
Sediment Control Technology. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
Current edition approved Jan. 15, 2023. Published February 2023. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
ɛ1
approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D7208 – 14 . DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D7208-23. the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7208 − 23
provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common technical terms
6. Apparatus
used in this standard, refer to Terminology D653.
6.1 Test Channel—The earthen trapezoidal test channel shall
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
be a minimum of 18 m (60.0 ft) in length. The channel shall be
3.2.1 temporary ditch check (in erosion control), n—a
constructed to a 5 6 0.5 % slope. The channel shall be con-
non-permanent barrier consisting of rocks, straw bales, excel-
structed to a 0.6 m to 1.2 m (2.0 – 4.0 ft) bottom width with
sior logs, wattles, lumber, rock bags, interlocking pre-cast
sloped side walls no steeper than 2H:1V prior to testing. The
concrete blocks, or other materials installed or constructed
geometry of the channel cross section shall be explicitly stated
across a drainage way, swale, or other ephemeral waterway to
in the report. The test channel shall have a way of measuring
reduce flow velocity, decrease erosion, and promote soil
water discharging in to the channel. A weir is suitable this
retention.
purpose.
3.2.2 trapezoidal test channel, n—an earthen channel used
to test erosion control products shaped such that the bottom is
6.2 Water Delivery System—The water delivery system shall
flat with sides greater than 90° angle in relation to the bottom
include pump(s), piping, channels, and water control
of the channel.
structures, as necessary, to achieve the desired hydraulic
conditions. The water control structures shall regulate the flow
4. Summary of Test Method
and to direct it into the desired test channel. The water delivery
4.1 This test method assesses the performance of a tempo-
system shall be constructed such that turbulence at the entrance
rary ditch check in reducing stormwater-induced erosion when
to the test channel is minimized. Use of flow straighteners (for
subjected to simulated concentrated stormwater flow in a
example, tube racks or vanes) will reduce turbulence and
trapezoidal channel.
achieve flow better aligned in one direction, though head loss
should be expected through these devices. Flow introduction
4.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures,
systems can use either flow diversion from natural waterways
and is patterned after conditions typically found on construc-
or mechanical diversion (such as mechanical pumps) to intro-
tion sites prior to revegetation. Further, procedures for evalu-
ation of baseline conditions are provided. Thus, test duce water to the test channel. All flow systems must be able
preparation, test execution, data collection, data analysis and to meter and measure flow that is introduced to the system in
reporting procedures herein are intended to be suitable for
order to verify that the desired or required flow rates are
testing of bare soil only and bare soil plus installed ditch achieved. The water delivery system in Fig. 1 shows an
checks.
example of a closed-loop water delivery system.
6.3 Survey Apparatus—Channel gradient must be measured
5. Significance and Use
in a three-dimensional coordinate system with respect to a
5.1 This test method evaluates a system of temporary ditch
fixed benchmark. A total station apparatus or survey level is
checks and their means of installation to:
required to determine elevations within the test reach. The total
5.1.1 Reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations in
station system is a standard surveying instrument capable of
stormwater runoff under conditions of varying channel condi-
measuring distance simultaneously with vertical and horizontal
tions and soil type; and
angles to determine the coordinates of a location (that is, X, Y
5.1.2 Improve water quality exiting the area disturbed by
and Z axis) within a defined coordinate system and store the
earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids.
data electronically in a data logger. In lieu of a total station
5.2 This test method models and examines conditions typi-
system, manual surveying equipment may be used. Precision
cally found on construction sites involving earthwork
and bias of either instrument must be known. Soil loss may be
activities, including: highways and roads; airports; residential,
recorded using survey apparatus referenced to a known bench
commercial and industrial developments; pipelines, mines, and
mark or by calibrated point gauge assembly referenced to
landfills; golf courses; etc.
relative locations within the facility.
5.3 This test method is a performance test. It is a compara-
6.4 Velocity Probe—A velocity probe capable of measuring
tive tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of
point velocities to an accuracy of 60.025 m ⁄s (60.10 ft/s)
different temporary ditch checks. Take caution when compar-
shall be used to identify flow conditions during test operation.
ing results from different laboratories because information
Acceptable types of probes include electromagnetic, spinning
about between-laboratory precision is incomplete and slight
cup, propeller, and static tube devices. Users should be
differences in soil and other environmental and geotechnical
conscious of the potential for velocity probe readings to be
conditions may affect.
adversely affected by debris in the flow. Periodic (at least
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is
annual) calibration and certification of this equipment shall be
dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the
performed.
suitability of the equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the
criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent
6.5 Miscellaneous—Other miscellaneous equipment in-
and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are
cludes: meteorological equipment (wind speed, temperature,
cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure
reliable results. Reliable results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 precipitation), and cameras or video recorders.
D7208 − 23
FIG. 1 Typical Water Delivery System
7. Test Water 9.1.1 Construct earthen test channels using conventional
earthwork placement techniques similar to procedures outlined
7.1 Water Source—Any water source shall be suitable for
in Test Method D6460 for trapezoidal channels. Perform
testing provided that it is not sediment laden or contains
compaction of channel bed material to create a stable subgrade.
deleterious materials that could impair the operation of the
9.1.2 Plate the channel surface with a minimum 30-cm
pumps.
(12-in.) thick veneer of soil. General soil types to be used for
testing shall be loam, clay, and sand. Target grain sizes and
8. Calibrations
plasticity indices are included in Table 1. Place the veneer in 15
8.1 Water Control Structure ⁄ Total Discharge
cm (6 in.) lifts and compact to 90 6 3 % of standard Proctor
Determination—The total discharge, Q , shall be determined
t
density in accordance with Test Method D698 or D2937.
independently of the measurements being made in the test
9.1.3 Excavate the channels to a trapezoidal cross-section
section. Suitable determinations can be made by funneling the
with a 60 to 120 6 2 cm (2.0 to 4.0 6 0.07 ft) bottom width
flow through a calibrated water control structure, such as a
and maximum 2H:1V side slopes. The test channels shall be a
Parshall flume or a sharp-crested weir, either before the water
minimum of 18 m (60.0 ft) in length to allow sufficient distance
enters or after the water exits the test section, and only once
between temporary ditch check structures during testing. Bed
steady state flow is achieved.
slope shall be 5.0 6 0.5 %. Fig. 3 shows a typical channel
8.2 For open-channel water delivery systems, measure the
profile and Fig. 2 shows a typical channel cross-section.
depth of water flowing into the test channel. Measure the
9.1.4 Begin the test reach far enough below the inlet to the
velocity in the supply channel using a velocity probe in the
channel to ensure flow is uniform and extend 12.0 6 0.1 m to
measurement location shown in Fig. 2.
(40 6 0.3 ft) downstream from that point. Establish bench-
marks on either side of the channel at each end of the test reach
9. Procedure
and at 1.5 6 0.1 m (5.0 6 0.3 ft) intermediate intervals (nine
9.1 Trapezoidal Test Channel Preparation: cross-sections total).
D7208 − 23
FIG. 2 Typical Channel Cross-Section
TABLE 1 Target Grain Sizes and Plasticity Indices
(USCS) or USDA classification system, or both]; Standard
Particle Size Proctor moisture-density relationship; “K” factor; and grada-
Sand Loam Clay
(mm)
tion (including hydrometer test for the P fraction).
D 25 > D > 3.0 10 > D > 0.3 3.0 > D > 0.02
100 100 100 100
9.2.4 Include the following meteorological information:
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
´1
Designation: D7208 − 14 D7208 − 23
Standard Test Method for
Determination of Temporary Ditch Check Performance in
Protecting Earthen Channels from Stormwater-Induced
Erosion
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D7208; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
ε NOTE—Editorially updated units of measurement statement in April 2018.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the guidelines, requirements, and procedures for evaluating the ability of temporary ditch check
systems to protect earthen channels from stormwater-induced erosion. Critical elements of this protection are the ability of the
temporary ditch check to:
1.1.1 Slow or pond runoff, or both, to encourage sedimentation, thereby reducing soil particle transport downstream;
1.1.2 Trap soil particles up stream of structure; and
1.1.3 Decrease soil erosion.
1.2 This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures, rather than reduced-scale (bench-scale) simulation, and is patterned after
conditions typically found on construction sites at the conclusion of earthwork operations, but prior to the start of revegetation
work. Therefore this test method considers only unvegetated conditions.
1.3 This test method provides a comparative evaluation of a temporary ditch check to baseline bare soil conditions under
controlled and documented conditions.
1.4 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
conversions to inch-pound units, which are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.5 All observed and calculated values shall conform to the guidelines for significant digits and rounding established in Practice
D6026 unless superseded by this standard.
1.5.1 The procedures used to specify how data are collected/recorded and calculated in this standard are regarded as the industry
standard. In addition, they are representative of the significant digits that should generally be retained. The procedures used do not
consider material variation, purpose for obtaining the data, special purpose studies, or any considerations for the user’s objectives;
and it is common practice to increase or reduce significant digits of reported data to commensurate with these considerations. It
is beyond the scope of this standard to consider significant digits used in analysis methods for engineering design.
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D18 on Soil and Rock and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D18.25 on Erosion and Sediment
Control Technology.
Current edition approved Jan. 1, 2014Jan. 15, 2023. Published January 2014February 2023. Originally approved in 2006. Last previous edition approved in 20062014 as
ɛ1
D7208 – 06.14 . DOI: 10.1520/D7208-14E01.10.1520/D7208-23.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
D7208 − 23
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for
information only and are not considered standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of
regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of
the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use. Also, the user must comply with prevalent regulatory codes, such as OSHA (Occupational Health and
Safety Administration) guidelines, while using the test method.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization
established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued
by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
3 3
D698 Test Methods for Laboratory Compaction Characteristics of Soil Using Standard Effort (12,400 ft-lbf/ft (600 kN-m/m ))
D2937 Test Method for Density of Soil in Place by the Drive-Cylinder Method
D3740 Practice for Minimum Requirements for Agencies Engaged in Testing and/or Inspection of Soil and Rock as Used in
Engineering Design and Construction
D6026 Practice for Using Significant Digits and Data Records in Geotechnical Data
D6460 Test Method for Determination of Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP) Performance in Protecting Earthen Channels
from Stormwater-Induced Erosion
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions—For definitions of common technical terms used in this test method, seestandard, refer to Terminology D653.
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard:
3.2.1 temporary ditch check (in erosion control), n—a non-permanent barrier consisting of rocks, straw bales, excelsior logs,
wattles, lumber, rock bags, interlocking pre-cast concrete blocks, or other materials installed or constructed across a drainage way,
swale, or other ephemeral waterway to reduce flow velocity, decrease erosion, and promote soil retention.
3.2.2 trapezoidal test channel, n—an earthen channel used to test erosion control products shaped such that the bottom is flat with
sides greater than 90° angle in relation to the bottom of the channel.
4. Summary of Test Method
4.1 The This test method assesses the performance of a temporary ditch check in reducing stormwater-induced erosion is
determined by subjecting the material to simulated when subjected to simulated concentrated stormwater flow in a controlled and
documented environment.trapezoidal channel.
4.2 Key elements of the testing process include:This test method utilizes full-scale testing procedures, and is patterned after
conditions typically found on construction sites prior to revegetation. Further, procedures for evaluation of baseline conditions are
provided. Thus, test preparation, test execution, data collection, data analysis and reporting procedures herein are intended to be
suitable for testing of bare soil only and bare soil plus installed ditch checks.
4.2.1 Calibration of the stormwater simulation equipment;
4.2.2 Preparation of the test channel;
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
D7208 − 23
4.2.3 Documentation of the temporary ditch check(s) to be tested;
4.2.4 Installation of the temporary ditch check(s);
4.2.5 Performance of the test;
4.2.6 Collection of hydraulic, topographical, and associated data;
4.2.7 Analysis of the resultant data; and
4.2.8 Reporting.
5. Significance and Use
5.1 This test method evaluates a system of temporary ditch checks and their means of installation to:
5.1.1 Reduce soil loss and sediment concentrations in stormwater runoff under conditions of varying channel conditions and soil
type; and
5.1.2 Improve water quality exiting the area disturbed by earthwork activity by reducing suspended solids.
5.2 This test method models and examines conditions typically found on construction sites involving earthwork activities,
including: highways and roads; airports; residential, commercial and industrial developments; pipelines, mines, and landfills; golf
courses; etc.
5.3 This test method is a performance test. It is a comparative tool for evaluating the erosion control characteristics of different
temporary ditch checks and can be used for quality control to determine product conformance to project specifications. checks.
Take caution when comparing results from different laboratories because information about between-laboratory precision is
incomplete and slight differences in soil and other environmental and geotechnical conditions may affect temporary ditch check
performance. Unique project-specific conditions should be taken into consideration. affect.
NOTE 1—The quality of the result produced by this standard is dependent on the competence of the personnel performing it, and the suitability of the
equipment and facilities used. Agencies that meet the criteria of Practice D3740 are generally considered capable of competent and objective
testing/sampling/inspection/etc. Users of this standard are cautioned that compliance with Practice D3740 does not in itself assure reliable results. Reliable
results depend on many factors; Practice D3740 provides a means of evaluating some of those factors.
6. Apparatus
6.1 Test Channel—The earthen trapezoidal test channel shall be a minimum of 18 m (59(60.0 ft) in length. The channel shall be
constructed to approximately a 5 % a 5 6 0.5 % slope. The channel shall be constructed to a 0.6 m (2.0 ft) 0.6 m to 1.2 m (2.0
– 4.0 ft) bottom width with 2H:1V side slopes sloped side walls no steeper than 2H:1V prior to testing. The geometry of the channel
cross section shall be explicitly stated in the report. The test channel shall have a way of measuring water discharging in to the
channel. A weir is suitable this purpose.
6.2 Water Delivery System—The water delivery system shall include pump(s), piping, channels, and water control structures, as
necessary, to achieve the desired hydraulic conditions. The water control structures shall regulate the flow and to direct it into the
desired test channel. The water delivery system shall be constructed such that turbulence at the entrance to the test channel is
minimized. Use of flow straighteners (for example, tube racks or vanes) will reduce turbulence and achieve uniform flow
conditions. For this purpose, use a direct flow system (that is, controlled flow diverted from a natural waterway). flow better aligned
in one direction, though head loss should be expected through these devices. Flow introduction systems can use either flow
diversion from natural waterways or mechanical diversion (such as mechanical pumps) to introduce water to the test channel. All
flow systems must be able to meter and measure flow that is introduced to the system in order to verify that the desired or required
flow rates are achieved. The water delivery system in Fig. 1 shows an example of a closed-loop water delivery system.
6.3 Total Station System—Survey Apparatus—Channel gradient must be measured in a three-dimensional coordinate system with
respect to a fixed benchmark. A total station apparatus or survey level is required to determine elevations within the test reach. The
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FIG. 1 Typical Water Delivery System
total station system is a standard surveying instrument that is capable of measuring distance simultaneously with vertical and
horizontal angles, and distance, simultaneously to determine measurement point coordinates angles to determine the coordinates
of a location (that is, X,Y and Z axis) and that uses an internal data logger to store this information for future use. Instead within
a defined coordinate system and store the data electronically in a data logger. In lieu of a total station system, manual surveying
equipment may be used providing it supplies equivalent accuracy. Periodic calibration and certification of this equipment shall be
performed.used. Precision and bias of either instrument must be known. Soil loss may be recorded using survey apparatus
referenced to a known bench mark or by calibrated point gauge assembly referenced to relative locations within the facility.
6.4 Velocity Probe—A velocity probe capable of measuring point velocities to an accuracy of 60.0360.025 m m/s ⁄s (60.10 ft/s)
shall be used to identify flow conditions during test operation. Acceptable types of probes include electromagnetic, spinning cup,
propeller, and static tube devices. Periodic Users should be conscious of the potential for velocity probe readings to be adversely
affected by debris in the flow. Periodic (at least annual) calibration and certification of this equipment shall be performed.
6.5 Miscellaneous—Other miscellaneous equipment includes: meteorological equipment (wind speed, temperature, precipitation),
and cameras or video recorders.
7. ReagentsTest Water
7.1 Water Source—Any water source shall be suitable for testing provided that it is not sediment laden or contains deleterious
materials that could impair the operation of the pumps.
8. Calibrations
8.1 Water Control Structure ⁄ Total Discharge Determination—Perform determination The total discharge, Q of the water delivery
t
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system discharge (Q). Begin calibration of the water delivery system when a steady-state , shall be determined independently of
the measurements being made in the test section. Suitable determinations can be made by funneling the flow through a calibrated
water control structure, such as a Parshall flume or a sharp-crested weir, either before the water enters or after the water exits the
test section, and only once steady state flow is achieved.
8.2 For open-channel water delivery systems, measure the depth of water flowing into the test channel. Measure the velocity in
the supply channel using a velocity probe in the measurement location shown in Fig. 2.
9. Procedure
9.1 Trapezoidal Test Channel Preparation:
9.1.1 Construct earthen test channels using conventional earthwork placement techniques similar to procedures outlined in Test
Method D6460 for trapezoidal channels. Perform compaction of channel bed material to create a stable subgrade.
9.1.2 Plate the channel surface with a minimum 45 cm (18 in.) 30-cm (12-in.) thick veneer of soil. General soil types to be used
for testing shall be loam, clay, and sand. Target grain sizes and plasticity indices are included in Table 1. Place the veneer in 15
cm (6 in.) lifts and compact to 90 6 3 % of standard Proctor density in accordance with Test Method D698 or D2937.
9.1.3 Excavate the channels to a trapezoidal cross-section with a 61 6 60 to 120 6 2 cm (2.0 6(2.0 to 4.0 6 0.07 ft) bottom width
and maximum 2H:1V side slopes. The test channels shall be a minimum of 18.3 m 18 m (60.0 ft) in length to allow sufficient
distance between temporary ditch check structures during testing. Bed slope shall be approximately 5 %. 5.0 6 0.5 %. Fig. 3 shows
a typical channel profile and Fig. 2 shows a typical channel cross-section.
9.1.4 Begin the test reach far enough below the inlet to the channel to ensure flow is uniform and extend 12 6 0.3 m to (39 6
1 ft) 12.0 6 0.1 m to (40 6 0.3 ft) downstream from that point. Establish benchmarks on either side of the channel at each end
of the test reach and at 1.5 6 0.1 m (5.0 6 0.3 ft) intermediate intervals (nine cross-sections total).
9.1.5 Loosen the soil veneer in the test reach and 1.5 6 0.1 m (5.0 6 0.3 ft) upstream and downstream of the test reach to a depth
of approximately 10 6 2 cm (4.0 6 0.8 in.) using a tiller or other appropriate tools. Rake the tilled channel smooth with a steel
hand rake and compact. Repair depressions, voids, soft or uncompacted areas before testing can commence. Also, free the channel
from obstruction or protrusions, such as roots, large stones or other foreign material.
9.1.6 If the channel has been used previously for a test series, discard the soil carried out of the channel, and obliterate a
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