ASTM D1657-12
(Test Method)Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
Standard Test Method for Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by Pressure Hydrometer
SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The density or relative density of light hydrocarbons and liquefied petroleum gases is used in custody transfer quantity calculations or to satisfy transportation, storage, and regulatory requirements.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density or relative density of light hydrocarbons including liquefied petroleum gases (LPG) having Reid vapor pressures exceeding 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi).
1.2 The prescribed apparatus should not be used for materials having vapor pressures higher than 1.4 MPa (200 psi) at the test temperature. This pressure limit is dictated by the type of equipment. Higher pressures can apply to other equipment designs.
1.3 The initial pressure hydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements. Readings are measured on a hydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to ASTM /API MPMS Chapter 11.1.
1.4 Values determined as density or relative density can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternative reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures, or Adjunct to ASTM Guide /API MPMS Chapter 11.1, or both, or tables as applicable.
1.5 The calculations required in Section 11 shall be applied to the initial pressure hydrometer reading with observations and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calculation, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.6 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment for this test method.
1.7 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. US Customary values shown in adjacent parentheses are for information only and may not be exactly equivalent. Both SI and customary units have been rounded so that they may not be exactly equivalent.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
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Designation:D1657–12
Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.2
Standard Test Method for
Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by
1
Pressure Hydrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1657; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope* information only and may not be exactly equivalent. Both SI
andcustomaryunitshavebeenroundedsothattheymaynotbe
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density
exactly equivalent.
or relative density of light hydrocarbons including liquefied
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the
petroleum gases (LPG) having Reid vapor pressures exceeding
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
101.325 kPa (14.696 psi).
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
1.2 The prescribed apparatus should not be used for mate-
priate safety and health practices and determine the applica-
rials having vapor pressures higher than 1.4 MPa (200 psi) at
bility of regulatory limitations prior to use.
the test temperature. This pressure limit is dictated by the type
of equipment. Higher pressures can apply to other equipment
2. Referenced Documents
designs.
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
1.3 The initial pressure hydrometer readings obtained are
D1250 Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables (API
uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measure-
MPMS Chapter 11.1)
ments. Readings are measured on a hydrometer at either the
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP)
reference temperature or at another convenient temperature,
Gases, Manual Method
and readings are corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API
glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects
Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Prod-
and to the reference temperature by means of calculations and
ucts by Hydrometer Method (API MPMS Chapter 9.1)
Adjunct to ASTM D1250/API MPMS Chapter 11.1.
E1 Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
1.4 Values determined as density or relative density can be
E100 Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternative
3
2.2 API Standards:
reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Proce-
MPMS Chapter 9.1 Test Method for Density, Relative Den-
dures, orAdjunct toASTM Guide D1250/API MPMS Chapter
sity, and API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid
11.1, or both, or tables as applicable.
Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method (ASTM
1.5 The calculations required in Section 11 shall be applied
D1298)
to the initial pressure hydrometer reading with observations
MPMS Chapter 11.1-2004 including Addendum
and results reported as required by Section 11 prior to use in a
1-2007 Temperature and Pressure Volume Correction
subsequent calculation procedure (measurement ticket calcula-
Factors for Generalized Crude Oils, Refined Products and
tion, meter factor calculation, or base prover volume determi-
Lubricating Oils
nation).
MPMS Chapter 11.2.2 Compressibility Factors for Hydro-
1.6 AnnexA1 contains a procedure for verifying or certify-
carbons: 0.350-0.0637 Relative Density (60 F/60 F) and
ing the equipment for this test method.
-50F to 140F Metering Temperature
1.7 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard.
MPMS Chapter 11.2.2M Compressibility Factors for Hy-
US Customary values shown in adjacent parentheses are for
drocarbons: 350-637 Kilograms per Cubic Meter Density
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on
Petroleum Products and Lubricants and theAPI Committee on Petroleum Measure-
2
ment, and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ, the joint For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
ASTM-API). Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally the ASTM website.
3
approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1657–02(2007). Available from American Petroleum Institute (API), 1220 L. St., NW, Wash-
DOI: 10.1520/D1657-12. ington, DC 20005-4070, http://www.api.org.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1
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...
This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D1657–02 (Reapproved 2007) Designation: D1657 – 12
Designation: Manual of Petroleum Measurement Standards (MPMS), Chapter 9.2
Standard Test Method for
Density or Relative Density of Light Hydrocarbons by
1
Pressure Hydrometer
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D1657; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope*
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the density or relative density of light hydrocarbons including liquefied
petroleum gases (LPG) having Reid vapor pressures exceeding 101.325 kPa (14.696 psi).
1.2The prescribed apparatus should not be used for materials having vapor pressures higher than 1.4 MPa (200 psi) at the test
temperature. This pressure limit is dictated by the type of equipment. Higher pressures may apply to other equipment designs.
1.3The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only. Both SI and
customary units have been rounded so that they may not be exactly equivalent.
1.4
1.2 The prescribed apparatus should not be used for materials having vapor pressures higher than 1.4 MPa (200 psi) at the test
temperature. This pressure limit is dictated by the type of equipment. Higher pressures can apply to other equipment designs.
1.3 The initial pressure hydrometer readings obtained are uncorrected hydrometer readings and not density measurements.
Readings are measured on a hydrometer at either the reference temperature or at another convenient temperature, and readings are
corrected for the meniscus effect, the thermal glass expansion effect, alternate calibration temperature effects and to the reference
temperature by means of calculations and Adjunct to ASTM D1250/API MPMS Chapter 11.1.
1.4 Values determined as density or relative density can be converted to equivalent values in the other units or alternative
reference temperatures by means of Interconversion Procedures, or Adjunct to ASTM Guide D1250/API MPMS Chapter 11.1, or
both, or tables as applicable.
1.5 The calculations required in Section 11 shall be applied to the initial pressure hydrometer reading with observations and
resultsreportedasrequiredbySection11priortouseinasubsequentcalculationprocedure(measurementticketcalculation,meter
factor calculation, or base prover volume determination).
1.6 Annex A1 contains a procedure for verifying or certifying the equipment for this test method.
1.7 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. US Customary values shown in adjacent parentheses are for
information only and may not be exactly equivalent. Both SI and customary units have been rounded so that they may not be
exactly equivalent.
1.8 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility
of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory
limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1250 Guide for Use of the Petroleum Measurement Tables Guide for Petroleum Measurement Tables (API MPMS Chapter
11.1)
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants and the API Committee on Petroleum Measurement, and is
the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D02.02 /COMQ on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API).
Current edition approved May 1, 2007. Published June 2007. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2002 as D1657–02. DOI:
10.1520/D1657-02R07. /COMQ, the joint ASTM-API Committee on Hydrocarbon Measurement for Custody Transfer (Joint ASTM-API).
Current edition approved June 1, 2012. Published August 2012. Originally approved in 1939. Last previous edition approved in 2007 as D1657–02(2007). DOI:
10.1520/D1657-12.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, W
...
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