ASTM D3053-10

Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black

SCOPE
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries. Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Oct-2010
• ICS: 01.040.83 - Rubber and plastics industries (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 83.040.20 - Rubber compounding ingredients
• Technical Committee: D24 - Carbon Black
• Drafting Committee: D24.41 - Carbon Black Nomenclature and Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM D3053-08b - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Replaced By: ASTM D3053-13 - Standard Terminology Relating to Carbon Black
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2013
• Referred By: ASTM D6602-13(2022)e1 - Standard Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or Both
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5596-03(2021) - Standard Test Method for Microscopic Evaluation of the Dispersion of Carbon Black in Polyolefin Geosynthetics
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D8178-22 - Standard Terminology Relating to Recovered Carbon Black (rCB)
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D5817-20 - Standard Practice for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Reduction, Blending, and Drying of Gross Samples for Testing
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D8466-22 - Standard Guide for Recovered Carbon Black—Carbon Black Test Methods for Testing rCB
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010
• Referred By: ASTM D1765-23a - Standard Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
• Effective Date: 15-Oct-2010

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation: D3053 − 10
StandardTerminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope D3313 Test Method for Carbon Black—Individual Pellet
Hardness
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of
D3493 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in
D3849 Test Method for Carbon Black—Morphological
other readily available sources are not included.
Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Micros-
copy
2. Referenced Documents
D5230 Test Method for Carbon Black—Automated Indi-
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
vidual Pellet Hardness
D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and
D6086 Test Method for Carbon Black—Void Volume (VV)
Attrition
D6556 Test Method for Carbon Black—Total and External
D1509 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Heating Loss
Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
D1510 Test Method for Carbon Black—Iodine Adsorption
D6602 PracticeforSamplingandTestingofPossibleCarbon
Number
Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental
D1511 Test Method for Carbon Black—Pellet Size Distri-
Particulate, or Both
bution
D1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Pour Den-
3. Terminology
sity
3.1 Definitions:
D1514 Test Method for Carbon Black—Sieve Residue
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are
D1618 Test Method for Carbon Black Extractables—
fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform
Transmittance of Toluene Extract
morphology.
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in
Rubber Products carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed
of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
D1799 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Packaged
Shipments thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggre-
gates of aciniform morphology which are composed of
D1900 Practice for Carbon Black—Sampling Bulk Ship-
ments spheroidal primary particles, uniformity of primary particle
sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering
D1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted—Mass
Strength within the primary particles.
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesper
D2414 Test Method for Carbon Black—Oil Absorption
aggregate) are distributional properties and vary depending on the
Number (OAN)
carbon black grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in
D2663 Test Methods for Carbon Black—Dispersion in Rub-
Annex A1 of Practice D6602 demonstrate that while particle and
ber
aggregate sizes vary greatly within a given grade of carbon black, the
D3265 Test Method for Carbon Black—Tint Strength
primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual
aggregate.
1 carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon
This terminology is under the jurisdiction ofASTM Committee D24 on Carbon
Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black black having an average nitrogen surface area in the range of
2
Nomenclature and Terminology.
21 to 69 m /g.
Current edition approved Oct. 15, 2010. Published November 2010. Originally
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil
approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as D3053 – 08b. DOI:
furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not
10.1520/D3053-10.
limited to the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
with an “N” first character and a second character of “4, 5, 6, or 7” in
contact ASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Table 1 of Classification D1765. See Terminology D1566 for the
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website. definition of carcass.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States
1

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D3053 − 10
carbon black, furnace, n—a type of carbon black produced by carbon black agglomerate, n—a cluster of physically bound
the decomposition reaction of hydrocarbons when injected and entangled aggregates.
into a high-velocity stream of combustion gases under
DISCUSSION—See Test Method D3849.
controlled conditions.
carbon black aggregate, n—adiscrete,rigid,
...

This document is not an ASTM standard and is intended only to provide the user of an ASTM standard an indication of what changes have been made to the previous version. Because
it may not be technically possible to adequately depict all changes accurately, ASTM recommends that users consult prior editions as appropriate. In all cases only the current version
of the standard as published by ASTM is to be considered the official document.
Designation:D3053–08b Designation:D3053–10
Standard Terminology Relating to
1
Carbon Black
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D3053; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope
1.1 This terminology covers a compilation of definitions of technical terms used in the carbon black and rubber industries.
Terms that are generally understood or adequately defined in other readily available sources are not included.
2. Referenced Documents
2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
D1508 Test Method for Carbon Black, Pelleted Fines and Attrition
D1509 Test Methods for Carbon BlackHeating Loss
D1510 Test Method for Carbon BlackIodine Adsorption Number
D1511 Test Method for Carbon BlackPellet Size Distribution
D1513 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedPour Density
D1514 Test Method for Carbon BlackSieve Residue
D1566 Terminology Relating to Rubber
D1618 Test Method for Carbon Black ExtractablesTransmittance of Toluene Extract
D1765 Classification System for Carbon Blacks Used in Rubber Products
D1799 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Packaged Shipments
D1900 Practice for Carbon BlackSampling Bulk Shipments
D1937 Test Method for Carbon Black, PelletedMass Strength
D2414 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number (OAN)
D2663 Test Methods for Carbon BlackDispersion in Rubber
D3265 Test Method for Carbon BlackTint Strength
D3313 Test Method for Carbon BlackIndividual Pellet Hardness
D3493 Test Method for Carbon BlackOil Absorption Number of Compressed Sample (COAN)
D3849 Test Method for Carbon BlackMorphological Characterization of Carbon Black Using Electron Microscopy
D5230 Test Method for Carbon BlackAutomated Individual Pellet Hardness
D6086 Test Method for Carbon BlackVoid Volume (VV)
D6556 Test Method for Carbon BlackTotal and External Surface Area by Nitrogen Adsorption
D6602 Practice for Sampling and Testing of Possible Carbon Black Fugitive Emissions or Other Environmental Particulate, or
Both
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
aciniform, adj—shaped like a cluster of grapes.
DISCUSSION—The spheroidal primary particles of carbon black are fused into aggregates of colloidal dimension forming an aciniform morphology.
carbon black, n—an engineered material, primarily composed of elemental carbon, obtained from the partial combustion or
thermal decomposition of hydrocarbons, existing as aggregates of aciniform morphology which are composed of spheroidal
primary particles, uniformity of primary particle sizes within a given aggregate, and turbostratic layering within the primary
particles.
1
This terminology is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee D24 on Carbon Black and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee D24.41 on Carbon Black
Nomenclature and Terminology.
Current edition approved Nov. 1, 2008.Oct. 15, 2010. Published November 2008.2010. Originally approved in 1972. Last previous edition approved in 2008 as
D3053 – 08ab. DOI: 10.1520/D3053-08B.10.1520/D3053-10.
2
For referencedASTM standards, visit theASTM website, www.astm.org, or contactASTM Customer Service at [e-mail]. For Annual Book of ASTM Standards
volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on the ASTM website.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
D3053–10
DISCUSSION—Particlesizeandaggregatesize(numberofparticlesperaggregate)aredistributionalpropertiesandvarydependingonthecarbonblack
grade. Transmission electron micrographs shown in Annex A1 of Practice D6602 demonstrate that while particle and aggregate sizes vary greatly
within a given grade of carbon black, the primary particle size is essentially uniform within an individual aggregate.
carbon black, carcass grade, n—a type of furnace carbon black having an average nitrogen surface area in the range of 21 to
2
69 m /g.
DISCUSSION—Carcass-grade carbon blacks are produced by the oil furnace process. The use of these grades in the rubber industry is not limited to
the carcass portion of the tire. These grades are designated with an “N” first character and a second character of “4, 5, 6, or 7” in Table 1 of
Classification D1765. See Terminology D1566 for the definition of carcass.
carbon black, furnace, n—a type of carbon black produced b
...