ASTM F2792-09e1

Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
3.1 The definitions of the terms presented in this standard were created by this subcommittee. This standard does not purport to address safety concerns associated with the use of AM technologies. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use of additive manufacturing.
SCOPE
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms, descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated with additive-manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to standardize terminology used by AM users, producers, researchers, educators, press/media and others.  
Note 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review definitions on a three-year basis to determine if the definition is still accurate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined to be necessary.

General Information

• Status: Historical
• Publication Date: 14-Sep-2009
• ICS: 01.040.25 - Manufacturing engineering (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 25.020 - Manufacturing forming processes
• Technical Committee: F42 - Additive Manufacturing Technologies
• Drafting Committee: F42.91 - Terminology

Relations

• Replaces: ASTM F2792-09 - Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Replaced By: ASTM F2792-10 - Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing Technologies
• Effective Date: 01-Jun-2010
• Referred By: ASTM F2924-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3056-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N06625) with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3122-14(2022) - Standard Guide for Evaluating Mechanical Properties of Metal Materials Made via Additive Manufacturing Processes
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3091/F3091M-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Powder Bed Fusion of Plastic Materials
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3049-14(2021) - Standard Guide for Characterizing Properties of Metal Powders Used for Additive Manufacturing Processes
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F2971-13(2021) - Standard Practice for Reporting Data for Test Specimens Prepared by Additive Manufacturing
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3001-14(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Titanium-6 Aluminum-4 Vanadium ELI (Extra Low Interstitial) with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM ISO/ASTM52921-13(2019) - Standard Terminology for Additive Manufacturing—Coordinate Systems and Test Methodologies
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009
• Referred By: ASTM F3055-14a(2021) - Standard Specification for Additive Manufacturing Nickel Alloy (UNS N07718) with Powder Bed Fusion
• Effective Date: 15-Sep-2009

Standards Content (Sample)

NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
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Designation: F2792 – 09
Standard Terminology for
,
1 2
Additive Manufacturing Technologies
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F2792; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1
´ NOTE—Footnote 2 was added editorially in February 2010.
1. Scope additive manufacturing (AM), n—process of joining materi-
als to make objects from 3D model data, usually layer upon
1.1 This terminology includes terms, definitions of terms,
layer, as opposed to subtractive manufacturing methodolo-
descriptions of terms, nomenclature, and acronyms associated
gies. Synonyms: additive fabrication, additive processes,
with additive-manufacturing (AM) technologies in an effort to
additive techniques, additive layer manufacturing, layer
standardize terminology used by AM users, producers, re-
manufacturing, and freeform fabrication.
searchers, educators, press/media and others.
additive systems, n—machines used for additive manufactur-
NOTE 1—The subcommittee responsible for this standard will review
ing.
definitions on a three-year basis to determine if the definition is still
direct metal laser sintering (DMLSt), n—use of laser
accurate as stated. Revisions will be made when determined to be
sintering to make metal parts directly from metal powders
necessary.
without intermediate “green” or “brown” parts; term denotes
2. Referenced Documents metal-based laser sintering systems from EOS GmbH -
3
Electro Optical Systems. Synonym: direct metal laser melt-
2.1 ISO Standard:
ing.
ISO 10303 -1:1994 Industrial automation systems and inte-
facet, n—typically a three- or four-sided polygon that repre-
gration--Productdatarepresentationandexchange--Part
sents an element of a 3D polygonal mesh surface or model;
1: Overview and fundamental principles
triangular facets are used in STL files.
3. Significance and Use
fused deposition modeling (FDMt), n—making of thermo-
plastic parts through heated extrusion and deposition of
3.1 The definitions of the terms presented in this standard
materials layer by layer; term denotes machines built by
were created by this subcommittee. This standard does not
Stratasys, Inc.
purport to address safety concerns associated with the use of
prototype tooling, n—molds, dies, and other devices used to
AM technologies. It is the responsibility of the user of this
produce prototypes; sometimes referred to as bridge tooling
standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices
or soft tooling.
and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior
rapid prototyping, n—additive manufacturing of a design,
to use of additive manufacturing.
often iterative, for form, fit, or functional testing, or combi-
4. Terminology
nation thereof.
rapid tooling, n—the use of additive manufacturing to make
4.1 Definitions:
tools or tooling quickly, either directly, by making parts that
serveastheactualtoolsortoolingcomponents,suchasmold
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This terminology is under the jurisdiction of Committee F42 on Additive
inserts, or indirectly, by producing patterns that are, in turn,
Manufacturing Technologies and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee
used in a secondary process to produce the actual tools.
F42.91 on Terminology.
rapid tooling, n—in machining processes, the production of
Current edition approved Sept. 15, 2009. Published October 2009. DOI:
10.1520/F2792-09.
tools or tooling quickly by subtractive manufacturing meth-
2
Through a mutual agreement withASTM International (ASTM), the Society of
ods, such as CNC milling, etc.
Manufacturing Engineers (SME) contributed the technical expertise of its RTAM
reverseengineering, n—in additive manufacturing,methodof
Community members to ASTM to be used as the technical foundation for this
creating a digital representation from a physical object to
ASTM standard. SME and its membership continue to play an active role in
providing technical guidance to the ASTM standards development process.
define its shape, dimensions, and internal and external
3
Available from International Organization for Standardization (ISO), 1, ch. de
features.
la Voie-Creuse, Case postale 56, CH-1211, Geneva 20, Switzerland, http://
selective laser sintering (SLSt), n—denotes the LS process
www.iso.org/iso/iso_catalogue/catalogue_tc/
catalogue_detail.htm?csnumber=20579 and machines from 3D Systems Corporation.
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F2792 – 09
stereolithography (SL), n—process used to produce parts CNC, n—Computer Numeri
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