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ASTM B946-06(2010)

(Test Method)

Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products

Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products

SIGNIFICANCE AND USE
The surface finish of a component may be critical for certain applications, affecting properties such as wear resistance, fatigue strength, and coefficient of friction.
Surface finish may also be critical for component assembly or system performance. Dimensional fit and mating surface interaction may require certain surface finish requirements to meet performance specifications.
SCOPE
1.1 This test method covers measuring the surface finish of powder metallurgy (PM) products at all stages of manufacturing from green compact to fully hardened finished component.
1.2 This test method provides the definition and schematic of some common surface finish parameters (Ra, Rt, and Rz ISO)
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical conversions to SI units that are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

General Information

Status
Historical
Publication Date
30-Nov-2010
ICS
25.220.40 - Metallic coatings
77.160 - Powder metallurgy
Technical Committee
B09 - Metal Powders and Metal Powder Products
Drafting Committee
B09.05 - Structural Parts
Current Stage
Ref Project

Relations

Replaces
ASTM B946-06 - Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010
Replaced By
ASTM B946-11 - Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products
Effective Date
01-May-2011
Referred By
ASTM B438-21 - Standard Specification for Bronze-Base Powder Metallurgy (PM) Bearings (Oil-Impregnated)
Effective Date
01-Dec-2010

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ASTM B946-06(2010) - Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) ProductsASTM B946-06(2010) - Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products
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ASTM B946-06(2010) - Standard Test Method for Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (P/M) Products
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NOTICE: This standard has either been superseded and replaced by a new version or withdrawn.
Contact ASTM International (www.astm.org) for the latest information
Designation:B946–06 (Reapproved 2010)
Standard Test Method for
1
Surface Finish of Powder Metallurgy (PM) Products
This standard is issued under the fixed designation B946; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
1. Scope 4.2 Theuseofaconicalpointstylusmayresultininaccurate
or inconsistent surface finish results because the sharper point
1.1 This test method covers measuring the surface finish of
of the stylus may drop into open porosity on the surface of the
powder metallurgy (PM) products at all stages of manufactur-
component.
ing from green compact to fully hardened finished component.
4.3 A chisel point stylus may be used for better accuracy
1.2 This test method provides the definition and schematic
and consistency.
of some common surface finish parameters (R ,R , and R )
a t z ISO
4.4 Because the direction of pressing may cause direction-
1.3 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
ality in surface finish values, the direction of measurement
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
should be specified and reported.
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
5. Apparatus
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the
5.1 Surface finish measuring instrument.
safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the
5.2 Stylus—Chisel point, 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) length and
responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appro-
0.0004 in. 6 30 % (0.010 mm 6 30 %) tip radius as shown in
priate safety and health practices and to determine the
Fig. 1. To limit the possibility of the stylus dropping into open
applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
surface porosity, a chisel point stylus is recommended. If a
2. Referenced Documents cone stylus is used, filtering software shall also be used to
2
remove the influence of open surface porosity.
2.1 MPIF Standard:
MPIF Standard 58 Method for Determination of Surface
6. Sampling, Test Specimens, and Test Units
Finish of Powder Metallurgy Products
6.1 The test surface shall be clean and free of any oil, dirt,
3. Significance and Use debris, or foreign material.
6.2 Sufficient surface area shall be available to permit
3.1 The surface finish of a component may be critical for
multiple traverses by the measuring instrument.
certain applications, affecting properties such as wear resis-
6.3 The test surface shall be flat over a sufficient length (in
tance, fatigue strength, and coefficient of friction.
accordance with instrument instructions) to allow proper
3.2 Surface finish may also be critical for component
movement of the stylus.
assembly or system performance. Dimensional fit and mating
surface interaction may require certain surface finish require-
7. Procedure
ments to meet performance specifications.
7.1 The PM parts manufacturer and purchaser shall agree on
4. Interferences the desired location and direction for surface finish measure-
ment.
4.1 Because many conventional PM materials contain open
7.2 Place the surface finish instrument in a position suitable
porosity at the surface, special consideration should be taken
for measuring the test sample.
when measuring surface finish.
7.3 Zero and verify the instrument over the surface finish
range expected for the test sample.
1
This test method is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee B09 on Metal
7.4 Place the test sample under the stylus and then lower the
Powders and Metal Powder Products and is the direct responsibility of Subcom-
stylus to the measuring position in accordance with the
mittee B09.05 on Structural Parts.
Current edition approved Dec. 1, 2010. Published December 2010. Originally
instrument instructions.
published 2006. DOI: 10.1520/B0946-06R10.
7.5 Measure the surface finish of the test surface. A mini-
2
Metal Powder Industries Federation, 105 College Rd. East, Princeton, NJ
mum of three traverses at different locations is recommended.
08540-6692 U.S.A.
Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.
1

---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
B946–06 (2010)
Note 2–The arithmetic average value of filtered roughness profile determined
from deviations about the centerline within the evaluation length l .
m
FIG. 2 R Arithmetic Mean Roughness Value
a
Note 1–The stylus is chisel shaped and has a standard radius on the edge and
is 0.050 in. (1.27 mm) wide so that it will not drop into the porosity of the P/M
surface and give a false reading by measuring the cavities.
FIG. 1 Chisel Stylus for Surfa
...

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