prEN 14932
(Main)Plastics - Thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping silage bales
Plastics - Thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping silage bales
This document specifies the requirements for dimensional, mechanical, oxygen transmission rate and optical characteristics of thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping bales used for ensiling of forage. It specifies a measurement for solar reflectance of the films.
This document specifies also test methods to check these requirements.
This document is applicable to white, black, or coloured films based on polyethylene materials. It covers the width range from 250 mm up to 1 500 mm.
The performances of the stretch films in conformance with this document are based on the use of at least six layers of films, pre-stretched at a ratio between 60 % and 70 % for round bales and a ratio of 55 % and 65 % for wrapping square bales.
This document also gives guidance for design for recycling.
Kunststoffe - Thermoplastische Stretchfolien zum Umwickeln von Silage-Ballen
Dieses Dokument legt die Anforderungen an Maße, mechanische Eigenschaften, Sauerstoffdurchlässigkeitsrate und optische Charakteristiken von thermoplastischen Stretchfolien zur Umwicklung von Ballen, in denen Futtermittel siliert wird, fest. Es spezifiziert eine Messung für den Solarreflexionsgrad der Folien.
Dieses Dokument legt außerdem Prüfverfahren zur Überprüfung dieser Anforderungen fest.
Dieses Dokument ist für weiße, schwarze und farbige Folien, die aus Polyethylenwerkstoffen bestehen, gültig. Es umfasst den Breitenbereich von 250 mm bis zu 1 500 mm.
Die Funktionen von Stretchfolien in Übereinstimmung mit diesem Dokument basieren auf der Nutzung von mindestens sechs Folienlagen, vorgedehnt auf ein Verhältnis von 60 % bis 70 % für Rundballen sowie 55 % bis 65 % zur Umwicklung von Quaderballen.
Zudem enthält dieses Dokument eine Anleitung zur recyclinggerechten Gestaltung.
Plastiques - Films thermoplastiques étirables pour l'enrubannage de balles d'ensilage
Le présent document spécifie les exigences relatives aux caractéristiques dimensionnelles, mécaniques, au coefficient de transmission de l’oxygène et aux caractéristiques optiques des films thermoplastiques étirables utilisés pour enrubanner les balles pour l’ensilage du fourrage. Il spécifie un mesurage du facteur de réflexion solaire des films.
Le présent document spécifie également des méthodes d’essai permettant de vérifier ces exigences.
Le présent document est applicable aux films blancs, noirs ou colorés, à base de polyéthylène. Il couvre une plage de largeur allant de 250 mm à 1 500 mm.
Les performances des films étirables en conformité avec le présent document reposent sur l’utilisation d’au moins six couches de film, pré-étiré à un taux d’étirage compris entre 60 % et 70 % pour les balles rondes et entre 55 % et 65 % pour les balles carrées.
Le présent document donne également des recommandations pour la conception en vue du recyclage.
Polimerni materiali - Raztegljive plastomerne folije za zavijanje v bale
General Information
Relations
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-oktober-2024
Polimerni materiali - Raztegljive plastomerne folije za zavijanje v bale
Plastics - Thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping silage bales
Kunststoffe - Thermoplastische Stretchfolien zum Umwickeln von Silage-Ballen
Plastiques - Films thermoplastiques étirables pour l'enrubannage de balles d'ensilage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14932
ICS:
55.040 Materiali in pripomočki za Packaging materials and
pakiranje accessories
83.140.10 Filmi in folije Films and sheets
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2024
ICS 53.040; 83.140.10 Will supersede EN 14932:2018
English Version
Plastics - Thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping silage
bales
Plastiques - Films thermoplastiques étirables pour Kunststoffe - Thermoplastische Stretchfolien zum
l'enrubannage de balles d'ensilage Umwickeln von Silage-Ballen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 249.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14932:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European forward . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Materials . 9
5 Solar reflectance . 10
6 Durability . 10
7 Requirements . 10
7.1 General requirements . 10
7.2 Requirement for visual inspection . 12
8 Test methods . 13
8.1 Determination of film thickness . 13
8.2 Determination of width . 13
8.3 Determination of core protrusion . 13
8.4 Determination of film length . 13
8.5 Determination of neck-in during film stretching . 14
8.6 Determination of tensile characteristics . 14
8.7 Determination of impact resistance . 15
8.8 Determination of the tightening force . 15
8.9 Determination of the tear resistance. 15
8.10 Determination of total luminous transmittance . 15
8.11 Determination of resistance to weathering . 15
8.12 Determination of oxygen transmission rate . 16
9 Film acceptance, storage and handling . 16
9.1 Delivery control . 16
9.2 Storage and handling of rolls . 16
10 Designation . 16
11 Marking . 17
11.1 Marking of the film . 17
11.2 Marking on the packaging or label . 17
12 Instructions for installation and use of silage stretch films . 18
13 Design for recycling and end of life of stretch films for wrapping silage bales . 18
14 Removal and collection instructions of used silage stretch films . 19
Annex A (informative) Exposure to other light sources . 20
Annex B (informative) Numerical correlation between durations of stretch forage films
exposed to artificial weathering and a natural exposure . 23
Annex C (normative) Determination of solar reflectance . 25
Annex D (normative) Determination of neck-in during stretching . 29
Annex E (normative) Determination of tightening force . 32
Bibliography . 39
European forward
This document has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics”, the secretariat of
which is held by SIS.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14932:2018.
EN 14932:2018 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 14932:2018:
— Clause 4 on materials has been added;
— Clauses 10, 11 and 12 on designation, marking and instructions for storage, installation and use of
silage stretch films, respectively, have been modified;
— Clause 13 on the design-for-recycling of end of life of silage stretch films has been added;
— Clause 14 on removal and collection instructions of used silage stretch films has been modified,
referring to prEN 18109 for additional information;
— the informative Annex F on the determination of oxygen permeability and airtightness on an
artificial bale, and the informative Annex H on guidance for use and disposal of stretch films, of the
previous edition, have been deleted;
— the informative Annex G on the determination of adhesion characteristic has been modified to
become normative Annex E on the determination of tightening force.
This document has been prepared under a standardization request addressed to CEN by the European
Commission. The Standing Committee of the EFTA States subsequently approves these requests for its
Member States.
Under preparation
Introduction
The biological and practical requirements for silage stretch films and the interactions with the
machinery, used for the wrapping and handling of round bales and square bales, have been considered
for the design of this document. However, it is difficult to simulate in laboratory conditions some
parameters like leak tightness, oxygen permeability, temperature and the manner they interact.
In order to obtain silage of high quality it is essential to reduce unwanted microbiological activities to
very low levels. It is necessary to limit the penetration of oxygen of air inside the bale in order to create
the best conditions for conservation. Consequently, the wrapped bale should be as gas tight as possible.
There are discussions regarding how the temperature inside the bale will influence how different types
of “good” and “bad” microbiological activities will develop in forage. Although the film can be made of
any colour, it is a fact that the pigmentation or colour itself will influence the temperature inside the
bale, due to sun-radiation. Therefore, this document also includes a method for the determination of the
solar reflectance of stretch films [1].
This document defines the criteria for design for recycling of silage stretch films.
End-of-life management is not covered in this document, as it is under the scope of prEN 18109:2024
Clause 4 and 5.
Under preparation
1 Scope
This document specifies the requirements for dimensional, mechanical, oxygen transmission rate and
optical characteristics of thermoplastic stretch films for wrapping bales used for ensiling of forage. It
specifies a measurement for solar reflectance of the films.
This document specifies also test methods to check these requirements.
This document is applicable to white, black, or coloured films based on polyethylene materials. It covers
the width range from 250 mm up to 1 500 mm.
The performances of the stretch films in conformance with this document are based on the use of at
least six layers of films, pre-stretched at a ratio between 60 % and 70 % for round bales and a ratio of
55 % and 65 % for wrapping square bales.
This document also gives guidance for design for recycling.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN ISO 527-1, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 1: General principles (ISO 527-1)
EN ISO 527-3:2018, Plastics - Determination of tensile properties - Part 3: Test conditions for films and
sheets (ISO 527-3:2018)
EN ISO 1133-1, Plastics - Determination of the melt mass-flow rate (MFR) and melt volume-flow rate
(MVR) of thermoplastics - Part 1: Standard method (ISO 1133-1)
EN ISO 4892-2:2013, Plastics - Methods of exposure to laboratory light sources - Part 2: Xenon-arc lamps
(ISO 4892-2:2013)
EN ISO 6383-2, Plastics - Film and sheeting - Determination of tear resistance - Part 2: Elmendorf method
(ISO 6383-2)
EN ISO 7765-1, Plastics film and sheeting - Determination of impact resistance by the free-falling dart
method - Part 1: Staircase methods (ISO 7765-1)
EN ISO 13468-2, Plastics - Determination of the total luminous transmittance of transparent materials -
Part 2: Double-beam instrument (ISO 13468-2)
ISO 4592, Plastics — Film and sheeting — Determination of length and width
ISO 4593, Plastics — Film and sheeting — Determination of thickness by mechanical scanning
ISO 9845-1:2022, Solar energy — Reference solar spectral
...
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