EN 12165:2024

Copper and copper alloys - Wrought and unwrought forging stock

This European Standard specifies the composition, property requirements and dimensional tolerances for forging stock of copper and copper alloys.
The sampling procedures and the methods of test for verification of conformity to the requirements of this European Standard are also specified.

Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen - Vormaterial für Schmiedestücke

Dieses Dokument legt die Zusammensetzung, Anforderungen an die Eigenschaften und Grenzabmaße für Schmiedevormaterial aus Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen fest.
Der Ablauf der Probenahme und die Prüfverfahren zur Feststellung der Übereinstimmung mit den Anforderungen dieses Dokuments sind ebenfalls festgelegt.

Cuivre et alliages de cuivre - Barres corroyées et brutes pour matriçage

Le présent document spécifie la composition, les exigences de propriétés et les tolérances dimensionnelles des pièces en cuivre et alliages de cuivre destinées au matriçage.
Les modes opératoires d’échantillonnage et les méthodes d’essai pour la vérification de la conformité aux exigences du présent document sont également spécifiés.

Baker in bakrove zlitine - Palice (lite in iztiskane) za izkovke

Ta evropski standard določa sestavo, zahteve za lastnosti in odstopanja glede mer za palice za izkovke iz bakra in bakrovih zlitin.
Določeni so tudi postopki vzorčenja in preskusne metode za preverjanje skladnosti z zahtevami tega evropskega standarda.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 15-Oct-2024
• ICS: 77.150.30 - Copper products
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 133 - Copper and copper alloys
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 133/WG 4 - Extruded and drawn products, forgings and scrap
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 16-Oct-2024
• Due Date: 27-Nov-2023
• Completion Date: 16-Oct-2024
• Ref Project: SIST EN 12165:2024 - Copper and copper alloys - Wrought and unwrought forging stock

Relations

• Replaces: EN 12165:2016 - Copper and copper alloys - Wrought and unwrought forging stock
• Effective Date: 18-Jan-2023
• Refers: ISO 1190-1:1982 - Copper and copper alloys — Code of designation — Part 1: Designation of materials
• Effective Date: 09-Feb-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 6509-1:2014 - Corrosion of metals and alloys - Determination of dezincification resistance of copper alloys with zinc - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6509-1:2014)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 1173:2008 - Copper and copper alloys - Material condition designation
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN ISO 6506-1:2014 - Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1:2014)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 1976:2012 - Copper and copper alloys - Cast unwrought copper products
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 1412:2016 - Copper and copper alloys - European numbering system
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 17263:2019 - Copper and copper alloys - Eddy current testing on the outer surface of rods, bars, hollow rods and wires for the detection of defects by encircling test coil
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Refers: EN 10204:2004 - Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 13785:2005+A1:2008 - Regulators with a capacity of up to and including 100 kg/h, having a maximum nominal outlet pressure of up to and including 4 bar, other than those covered by EN 12864 and their associated safety devices for butane, propane or their mixtures
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 15266:2024 - Stainless steel pliable corrugated tubing kits for gas installation pipework with an operating pressure up to 0,2 MPa (2 bar)
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 16119:2013 - LPG equipment and accessories - Sealing caps and plugs for LPG cylinder and pressure vessel valves - Specification and testing
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 15092:2008 - Building valves - Inline hot water supply tempering valves - Tests and requirements
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 15266:2007 - Stainless steel pliable corrugated tubing kits in buildings for gas with an operating pressure up to 0,5 bar
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026
• Referred By: EN 14427:2022 - LPG equipment and accessories - Transportable refillable composite cylinders for LPG - Design and construction
• Effective Date: 28-Jan-2026

Overview

EN 12165:2024 is a comprehensive European Standard developed by CEN specifying the composition, property requirements, and dimensional tolerances for forging stock made from copper and copper alloys. The standard covers both wrought and unwrought forms of forging stock, such as rods, hollow rods, bars, and profiles intended for the production of forgings. Additionally, EN 12165 outlines precise sampling procedures and established test methods to ensure conformity with its requirements, enhancing product quality and reliability across various industries.

EN 12165:2024 promotes harmonization and quality assurance within the European and global copper products market. With updates addressing new alloy compositions, mechanical property tables, and test methods, this edition aligns with the latest industry needs and regulatory frameworks.

Key Topics

• Material Designation: Systematic classification by symbol or number, compliant with ISO 1190-1 and EN 1412, ensures international recognition and clear communication.
• Chemical Composition: Specific requirements for copper and copper alloy forging stock, including newly added alloys and modifications to existing compositions.
• Dimensional Tolerances: Detailed tolerances for diameter, straightness, and deviation from circular form support consistent product quality.
• Mechanical Properties: Requirements for mechanical characteristics, with guidance for special cases such as resistance to dezincification.
• Ordering Information: Checklist for purchasers, including product denomination, material specification, dimensional details, and any special requirements like testing needs or surface quality.
• Testing & Conformity Assessment: Methods for sampling, hardness testing, dezincification resistance, and use of eddy current testing as non-destructive evaluation for surface integrity.
• Documentation and Certification: Procedures for certificates of compliance and inspection documentation, as per EN 10204 and EN ISO/IEC 17050.

Applications

EN 12165:2024 forging stock is essential for a variety of industrial and engineering applications, offering reliability and performance where copper and its alloys are required for their mechanical, electrical, and corrosion-resistant properties. Typical applications include:

• Plumbing and Water Supply: Use of copper alloy forging stock for valves, fittings, and other components subject to water contact, including compliance with chemical composition regulations for drinking water.
• Automotive and Transportation: Forged parts requiring high strength and durability, such as connectors, transmission components, and fasteners.
• Industrial Machinery: Components for pumps, compressors, and hydraulic systems, benefiting from the precise tolerances and robust properties defined in the standard.
• Electrical Engineering: High-conductivity copper and copper alloys for electrical connectors, switches, and other components where electrical and mechanical properties must be strictly controlled.
• Heating and Cooling Systems: Forged parts in heat exchangers, refrigeration, and HVAC equipment exploiting copper’s thermal conductivity and corrosion resistance.

The consistent properties ensured by EN 12165 make the forging stock suitable for high-precision and high-safety applications across sectors.

Related Standards

For a holistic approach to copper and copper alloy products, several related standards should be considered alongside EN 12165:

• EN 12163: Copper and copper alloys-Rod for general purposes
• EN 12164: Copper and copper alloys-Rod for free machining purposes
• EN 12166: Copper and copper alloys-Wire for general purposes
• EN 12167: Copper and copper alloys-Profiles and bars for general purposes
• EN 12168: Copper and copper alloys-Hollow rod for free machining purposes
• EN 12420: Copper and copper alloys-Forgings
• EN 13601: Copper and copper alloys-Rod, bar, and wire for electrical purposes
• EN 13602: Copper and copper alloys-Drawn round copper wire for manufacture of electrical conductors
• EN 10204: Metallic products-Types of inspection documents
• EN ISO 6506-1: Metallic materials-Brinell hardness test method
• EN ISO 6509-1: Corrosion of metals and alloys-Dezincification resistance test for copper alloys

Consulting these related documents helps users achieve full compliance and optimal performance in selecting and specifying copper alloy products for forging applications.

Keywords: EN 12165, copper forging stock, copper alloys, European standard, property requirements, dimensional tolerances, sampling procedures, conformity, industrial applications, CEN, copper products.

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-december-2024
Baker in bakrove zlitine - Palice (lite in iztiskane) za izkovke
Copper and copper alloys - Wrought and unwrought forging stock
Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen - Vormaterial für Schmiedestücke
Cuivre et alliages de cuivre - Barres corroyées et brutes pour matriçage
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN 12165:2024
ICS:
77.150.30 Bakreni izdelki Copper products
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN 12165
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
October 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 77.150.30 Supersedes EN 12165:2016
English Version
Copper and copper alloys - Wrought and unwrought
forging stock
Cuivre et alliages de cuivre - Barres corroyées et brutes Kupfer und Kupferlegierungen - Vormaterial für
pour matriçage Schmiedestücke
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 May 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN 12165:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 7
4 Designations. 7
4.1 Material . 7
4.1.1 General . 7
4.1.2 Symbol . 7
4.1.3 Number . 7
4.2 Material condition . 7
4.3 Product . 8
5 Ordering information . 9
6 Requirements . 10
6.1 Composition . 10
6.2 Mechanical properties . 10
6.2.1 General . 10
6.2.2 Resistance to dezincification . 10
6.3 Dimensions and tolerances . 11
6.3.1 Diameter . 11
6.3.2 Deviation from circular form . 11
6.3.3 Length . 11
6.3.4 Straightness . 11
6.4 Surface quality. 11
6.5 Internal inclusion . 12
7 Sampling . 12
7.1 General . 12
7.2 Analysis . 12
7.3 Hardness and dezincification resistance tests . 12
8 Test methods . 12
8.1 Analysis . 12
8.2 Hardness test . 12
8.2.1 General . 12
8.2.2 Preparation of samples . 13
8.2.3 Procedure for testing . 13
8.3 Dezincification resistance test . 13
8.4 Retests for analysis, hardness and dezincification resistance . 13
8.5 Rounding of results . 13
9 Certificate of compliance and inspection documentation . 13
9.1 Certificate of compliance . 13
9.2 Inspection documentation . 14
10 Marking, packaging, labelling . 14
Bibliography . 27
European foreword
This document (EN 12165:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 133 “Copper and
copper alloys”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by month year of April 2025, and conflicting national
standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2025.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This document supersedes EN 12165:2016
In comparison with EN 12165:2016, the following significant technical changes were made:
a) Introduction in 6.4 of eddy current test parameters;
b) Introduction of 6.5 Internal inclusion;
c) Modified the definition of diameter at 6.3.1;
d) Added a new Figure for straightness at 6.4.4 and modified values in Table 11;
e) Introduction in the chemical composition Tables of a footnote to explain the meaning of elements for
which no upper and lower limits are specified;
f) CuSi4Zn4MnP (CW245E) and CuSi4Zn9MnP (CW246E) added in the new Table 3;
g) Chemical composition of CuZn39Pb3 (CW614N), CuZn40Pb2 (CW617N), CuZn35Pb1,5AlAs
(CW625N) and CuZn33Pb1,5AlAs (CW626N) modified in Table 8;
h) Added a new alloy CuZn40Pb1 (CW627N) in Table 8;
i) Chemical composition of CuZn33Pb1AlSiAs (CW725R) modified in Table 9;
j) Added a new alloy CuZn36Si1P (CW726R) in Table 9;
k) Removed Tables of Mechanical properties (old Table 9, Table 10, Table 11, Table 12, Table 13,
Table 14, Table 15 and Table 16);
l) Renamed Table 17 in Table 10, Table 18 in Table 11, Table 19 in Table 12;
m) Added new Table 13.
This document is one of a series of European Standards for the copper and copper alloy products rod,
wire, profile and forgings. Other products are specified as follows:
— EN 12163, Copper and copper alloys — Rod for general purposes;
— EN 12164, Copper and copper alloys — Rod for free machining purposes;
— EN 12166, Copper and copper alloys — Wire for general purposes;
— EN 12167, Copper and copper alloys — Profiles and bars for general purposes;
— EN 12168, Copper and copper alloys — Hollow rod for free machining purposes;
— EN 12420, Copper and copper alloys — Forgings;
— EN 13601, Copper and copper alloys — Copper rod, bar and wire for general electrical purposes;
— EN 13602, Copper and copper alloys — Drawn round copper wire for the manufacture of electrical
conductors;
— EN 13605, Copper and copper alloys — Copper profiles and profiled wires for electrical purposes.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards body.
A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website. According to the CEN-CENELEC
Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to
implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic,
Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania,
Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the United Kingdom.
Introduction
The European Committee for Standardization (CEN) draws attention to the fact that it is claimed that
compliance with this document may involve the use of a patent concerning the alloys
CuSi4Zn4MnP (CW245E), CuSi4Zn9MnP (CW246E) and CuZn36Si1P (CW726R) given in 6.1.
CEN takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of this patent right.
The holder of this patent right has ensured the CEN that he is willing to negotiate licenses either free of
charge or under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions with applicants throughout the
world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with CEN.
— For CuSi4Zn4MnP (CW245E) and CuSi4Zn9MnP (CW246E) information may be obtained from:
Viega Technology GmbH & Co. KG
Viega Platz 1
57439 Attendorn
GERMANY
— For CuZn36Si1P (CW726R) information may be obtained from:
Luvata Oy
Kuparitie 5
28330 Pori
FINLAND
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights other than those identified above. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
all such patent rights.
CEN and CENELEC maintain online lists of patents relevant to their standards. Users are encouraged to
consult the lists for the most up to date information concerning patents
(ftp://ftp.cencenelec.eu/EN/IPR/Patents/IPRdeclaration.pdf).
Due to developing legislation, the composition of a material may be restricted to the composition
specified in this European Standard with respect to individual uses (e.g. for the use in contact with
drinking water in some Member States of the European Union). These individual restrictions are not part
of this European Standard. Nevertheless, for materials for which traditional and major uses are affected,
these restrictions are indicated. The absence of an indication, however, does not imply that the material
can be used in any application without any legal restriction.
1 Scope
This document specifies the composition, property requirements and dimensional tolerances for forging
stock of copper and copper alloys.
The sampling procedures and the methods of test for verification of conformity to the requirements of
this document are also specified.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For
undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1173, Copper and copper alloys - Material condition designation
EN 1412, Copper and copper alloys - European numbering system
EN 1976, Copper and copper alloys - Cast unwrought copper products
EN 10204, Metallic products - Types of inspection documents
EN 17263, Copper and copper alloys - Eddy current testing on the outer surface of rods, bars, hollow rods
and wires for the detection of defects by encircling test coil
EN ISO 6506-1, Metallic materials - Brinell hardness test - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6506-1)
EN ISO 6509-1, Corrosion of metals and alloys - Determination of dezincification resistance of copper alloys
with zinc - Part 1: Test method (ISO 6509-1)
ISO 1190-1, Copper and copper alloys — Code of designation — Part 1: Designation of materials
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
3.1
forging
three-dimensional shaped product produced by a plastic forming process such as hammering or pressing
between open or closed dies, including hammering between flat surfaces, normally when hot
Note 1 to entry Forging processes include, drop forging, hot stamping and hot pressing.
3.2
forging stock
extruded, rolled or drawn product such as rod, hollow rod, bar or profile or cast product, intended for the
production of forgings
3.3
deviation from circular form
difference between the maximum and the minimum diameters measured at any one cross-section of a
round product
4 Designations
4.1 Material
4.1.1 General
The material is designated either by symbol or by number (see Tables 1 to 9).
4.1.2 Symbol
The material symbol designation shall be based on the designation system given in ISO 1190-1.
NOTE Although material symbol designations used in this standard might be the same as those in other
standards using the designation system given in ISO 1190-1, the detailed composition requirements are not
necessarily the same.
4.1.3 Number
The material number designation shall be in accordance with the system given in EN 1412.
4.2 Material condition
For the purposes of this standard, the following designations, which are in accordance with the system
given in EN 1173, apply for the material condition:
M material condition for the product as manufactured without specified mechanical properties;
4.3 Product
The product designation provides a standardized pattern of designation from which a rapid and
unequivocal description of a product can be conveyed in communication. It provides mutual
comprehension at the international level with regard to products which meet the requirements of the
relevant European Standard.
The product designation is no substitute for the full content of the standard.
The product designation for products to this standard shall consist of:
— denomination (Forging stock);
— number of this European Standard (EN 12165);
— material designation, either symbol or number (see Tables 1 to 9);
— DW for compliance in the chemical composition according to the 4 MS Common Composition List.
This information is mandatory in the case in which the product is used for drinking water
applications according to the 4 MS Common Composition List and not to be given in other cases (see
Bibliography [6]);
— cross-sectional shape (the following designations shall be used as appropriate: RND for round, SQR
for square, HEX for hexagonal, OCT for octagonal, RCT for rectangular (bar), PFL for profile);
— for rod with round or regular polygonal cross-section, hollow rod or bar, the nominal cross-sectional
dimension(s) (diameter, width across-flats, external dimension × internal dimension,
width × thickness, as appropriate);
— for profiles, the number of the profile, or a fully dimensioned and toleranced drawing;
— for round rod, the tolerance class (see Table 10).
The derivation of a product designation is shown in the following examples.
EXAMPLE 1 Forging stock conforming to this standard, in material designated either CuZn40Pb2 or CW617N,
for standard applications, in material condition M, round, nominal diameter 15 mm, tolerance class A, will be
designated as follows:
EXAMPLE 2 Forging stock conforming to this standard, in material designated either CuZn40Pb2 or CW617N,
for drinking water applications according to the 4 MS Common Composition List, in material condition M, round,
nominal diameter 15 mm, tolerance class A, will be designated as follows:
5 Ordering information
In order to facilitate the enquiry, order and confirmation of order procedures the following information
shall be specified:
a) mass of product required;
b) denomination (Forging stock);
c) number of this European Standard (EN 12165);
d) material designation (see Tables 1 to 9);
e) DW for compliance in the chemical composition according to the 4 MS Common Composition List.
This information is mandatory in the case in which the product is used for drinking water
applications according to the 4 MS Common Composition List and not to be given in other cases;
f) cross-sectional shape;
g) size required:
1) for round rod, diameter and whether class A or class B tolerance is required, unless the tolerance
class shall be left to the discretion of the supplier (see Table 10);
2) for rod with regular polygonal cross-section or hollow rod or bar, nominal dimension(s) and
tolerance(s) required unless they shall be left to the discretion of the supplier;
3) for profiles, a fully dimensioned and toleranced drawing;
h) the length of product required, if not left to the discretion of the supplier;
It is recommended that the product designation, as described in 4.3, is used for items b) to h).
In addition, it shall also state on the enquiry and order any the following, if required:
i) whether the products according to 6.4, are required to pass a dezincification resistance test (see 8.3);
j) whether special surface quality is required (see 6.4);
k) whether surface quality test is required (see 6.4) and the class;
l) whether a certificate of compliance is required (see 9.1);
m) whether an inspection document is required, and if so, which type (see 9.2);
n) whether there are any special requirements for marking, packaging or labelling (see Clause 10).
EXAMPLE Ordering details for 500 kg of forging stock conforming to EN 12165, in material designated either
CuZn40Pb2 or CW617N, for drinking water application according to the 4 MS Common Composition List in material
condition M, round, nominal diameter 15 mm, tolerance class A, length 2 500 mm:
500 kg Forging stock EN 12165 — CuZn40Pb2 — DW — M — RND15A
— length 2 500 mm
or
500 kg Forging stock EN 12165 — CW617N — DW — M — RND15A
— length 2 500 mm
6 Requirements
6.1 Composition
The composition shall conform to the requirements for the appropriate material given in T
...