EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2024

Additive manufacturing of metals - Feedstock materials - Powder life cycle management (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)

This document specifies requirements and describes aspects for the lifecycle management of metal feedstock materials for powder based additive manufacturing processes. These aspects include but are not limited to:
—     powder properties;
—     powder lifecycle;
—     test methods;
—     powder quality assurance.
This document supplements ISO/ASTM 52907, which primarily focuses on requirements for virgin powder. This document covers on powder life cycle management, and therefore focuses on control of virgin and used powders.
This document can be used by manufacturers of metal powders, purchasers of powder feedstock for additive manufacturing, those responsible for the quality assurance of additively manufactured parts and suppliers of measurement and testing equipment for characterizing metal powders for use in powder-based additive manufacturing processes.

Additive Fertigung von Metallen - Ausgangsmaterialien - Steuerung des Lebenszyklus von Pulvern (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)

Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen fest und beschreibt Aspekte, die die Steuerung des Lebenszyklus von Metall-Ausgangsmaterialien für pulverbasierte additive Fertigungsprozesse betreffen. Diese Aspekte umfassen unter anderem:
   Pulvereigenschaften;
   Pulver-Lebenszyklus;
   Prüfverfahren;
   Pulver-Qualitätssicherung.
Dieses Dokument ergänzt ISO/ASTM 52907, das sich hauptsächlich mit den Anforderungen für neues Pulver befasst. Dieses Dokument deckt die Steuerung des Lebenszyklus von Pulver ab und beschäftigt sich daher mit der Kontrolle sowohl von neuen als auch gebrauchten/wiederverwendeten Pulvern.
Dieses Dokument kann von Herstellern von Metallpulvern, Einkäufern von Pulver-Ausgangsmaterial für die additive Fertigung, Verantwortlichen für die Qualitätssicherung additiv gefertigter Teile und Lieferanten von Mess- und Prüfeinrichtungen für die Charakterisierung von Metallpulvern, für den Gebrauch in pulverbasierten additiven Fertigungsprozessen verwendet werden.
Dieses Dokument legt Anforderungen fest und beschreibt Aspekte, die das Lebensdauermanagement von Metall-Ausgangsmaterialien für pulverbasierte additive Fertigungsprozesse betreffen. Diese Aspekte umfassen unter anderem:
   Pulvereigenschaften;
   Pulver-Lebensdauer;
   Prüfverfahren;
   Pulver-Qualitätssicherung.
Dieses Dokument ergänzt ISO/ASTM 52907, bei dem es hauptsächlich um Anforderungen für neues Pulver geht. Dieses Dokument deckt das Lebensdauermanagement von Pulver ab und beschäftigt sich daher mit der Kontrolle von neuen und gebrauchten Pulvern.
Dieses Dokument kann von Herstellern von Metallpulvern, Käufern von Pulver-Ausgangsmaterial für die additive Fertigung, Verantwortlichen für die Qualitätssicherung additiv gefertigter Teile und Lieferanten von Mess- und Prüfeinrichtungen für die Charakterisierung von Metallpulvern für den Gebrauch in pulverbasierten additiven Fertigungsprozessen verwendet werden.

Fabrication additive de métaux - Matières premières - Gestion du cycle de vie de la poudre (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)

Le présent document spécifie les exigences et décrit les aspects concernant la gestion du cycle de vie des matières premières métalliques utilisées pour les procédés de fabrication additive à base de poudres. Ces aspects incluent, sans toutefois s’y limiter:
—     les propriétés de la poudre;
—     le cycle de vie de la poudre;
—     les méthodes d’essai;
—     l’assurance qualité de la poudre.
Le présent document complète l’ISO/ASTM 52907, qui se concentre principalement sur les exigences pour la poudre vierge. Le présent document couvre la gestion du cycle de vie de la poudre et se concentre ainsi sur le contrôle des poudres vierges et utilisées.
Le présent document peut être utilisé par les fabricants de poudres métalliques, les acheteurs de matières premières en poudre pour la fabrication additive, les personnes responsables de l’assurance qualité des pièces fabriquées additivement et les fournisseurs d’équipements de mesure et d’essai pour caractériser les poudres métalliques destinées à être utilisées dans des procédés de fabrication additive à base de poudres.

Dodajalna izdelava kovinskih izdelkov - Surovine - Obvladovanje življenjskega cikla prahu (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 28-May-2024
• ICS: 25.030 - Additive manufacturing
• Technical Committee: CEN/TC 438 - Additive Manufacturing
• Drafting Committee: CEN/TC 438 - Additive Manufacturing
• Current Stage: 6060 - Definitive text made available (DAV) - Publishing
• Start Date: 29-May-2024
• Due Date: 29-May-2024
• Completion Date: 29-May-2024
• Ref Project: SIST EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2025 - Additive manufacturing of metals - Feedstock materials - Powder life cycle management (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)

Standards Content (Sample)

SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-marec-2025
Dodajalna izdelava kovinskih izdelkov - Surovine - Obvladovanje življenjskega
cikla prahu (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)
Additive manufacturing of metals - Feedstock materials - Powder life cycle management
(ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)
Additive Fertigung von Metallen - Ausgangsmaterialien - Steuerung des Lebenszyklus
von Pulvern (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)
Fabrication additive de métaux - Matières premières - Gestion du cycle de vie de la
poudre (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2024
ICS:
25.030 3D-tiskanje Additive manufacturing
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.

EN ISO/ASTM 52928
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
May 2024
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
ICS 25.030
English Version
Additive manufacturing of metals - Feedstock materials -
Powder life cycle management (ISO/ASTM 52928:2024)
Fabrication additive de métaux - Matières premières - Additive Fertigung von Metallen - Ausgangsmaterialien
Gestion du cycle de vie de la poudre (ISO/ASTM - Steuerung des Lebenszyklus von Pulvern (ISO/ASTM
52928:2024) 52928:2024)
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 May 2024.

CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this
European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN
member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management
Centre has the same status as the official versions.

CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway,
Poland, Portugal, Republic of North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and
United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION

EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG

CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Rue de la Science 23, B-1040 Brussels
© 2024 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2024 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.

Contents Page
European foreword . 3

European foreword
This document (EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2024) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 261
"Additive manufacturing" in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 438 “Additive
Manufacturing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2024, and conflicting national standards
shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2024.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any feedback and questions on this document should be directed to the users’ national standards
body/national committee. A complete listing of these bodies can be found on the CEN website.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland,
Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Republic of
North Macedonia, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Türkiye and the
United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/ASTM 52928:2024 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO/ASTM 52928:2024 without
any modification.
International
Standard
ISO/ASTM 52928
First edition
Additive manufacturing of metal —
2024-05
Feedstock materials — Powder life
cycle management
Fabrication additive de métaux — Matières premières — Gestion
du cycle de vie de la poudre
Reference number
ISO/ASTM 52928:2024(en) © ISO/ASTM International 2024

ISO/ASTM 52928:2024(en)
© ISO/ASTM International 2024
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester. In the United States, such requests should be sent to ASTM International.
ISO copyright office ASTM International
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700
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Website: www.iso.org Website: www.astm.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO/ASTM International 2024 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/ASTM 52928:2024(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .v
Introduction .vi
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Symbols and abbreviations . 2
5 Powder properties . 3
5.1 General .3
5.2 Particle size distribution .3
5.2.1 General .3
5.2.2 Dynamic image analysis .4
5.2.3 Laser diffraction and light scattering .4
5.2.4 Dry sieving .5
5.2.5 Light or scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images .5
5.3 Chemical composition .5
5.3.1 General .5
5.3.2 Combustion methods.6
5.3.3 Flame AAS .7
5.3.4 X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) .7
5.3.5 Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) .7
5.3.6 Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) .7
5.4 Characteristic densities .8
5.4.1 General .8
5.4.2 Apparent density .8
5.4.3 Tap density .8
5.4.4 Skeletal (true) density .8
5.4.5 Packing behaviour .8
5.5 Determination of powder density .9
5.5.1 Determination of the closed porosity of particles via indirect methods .9
5.5.2 Gas pycnometry.9
5.5.3 Metallographic section with porosity analysis .9
5.6 Shape and morphology .9
5.6.1 General .9
5.6.2 Image analysis .11
5.6.3 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images .11
5.6.4 Light microscopy images . 12
5.6.5 Determination of specific surface area . 12
5.7 Flowability . 12
5.7.1 General . 12
5.7.2 Determination of flow rate . 13
5.7.3 Measuring the angle of repose . 13
5.7.4 Ring shear test method . 13
5.7.5 Rotating drum with dynamic image analysis . 13
5.7.6 Powder rotational rheometer .
...