EN 1104:2018
(Main)Paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs - Determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents
Paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs - Determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents
This document specifies a method for the determination of transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials and articles intended for food contact.
NOTE The need of using this Standard may be specified by the legislation regarding paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.
Papier und Pappe vorgesehen für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln - Bestimmung des Übergangs antimikrobieller Bestandteile
Dieses Dokument legt ein Verfahren zur Bestimmung der Übertragung antimikrobieller Bestandteile von Materialien und Artikeln aus Papier und Pappe fest, die für den Kontakt mit Lebens¬mitteln vorgesehen sind.
ANMERKUNG Die Notwendigkeit der Verwendung dieser Norm kann durch die Vorschriften für Papier und Pappe, die für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln vorgesehen sind, festgelegt sein.
Papier et carton destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires - Détermination du transfert des constituants antimicrobiens
Le présent document spécifie une méthode de détermination du transfert des constituants antimicrobiens des papiers, cartons et articles destinés à entrer en contact avec des denrées alimentaires.
NOTE La nécessité d’utiliser la présente norme peut être spécifiée par la législation relative au papier et au carton destinés à entrer en contact avec des denrées alimentaires.
Papir, karton in lepenka v neposrednem stiku z živili - Določanje izločanja antimikrobnih snovi
Ta evropski standard določa metodo za določanje izločanja antimikrobnih snovi iz papirnatih in kartonskih materialov ter izdelkov, namenjenih za stik z živili.
OPOMBA: Potreba po uporabi tega standarda je lahko določena z zakonodajo v zvezi s papirjem in kartonom, namenjenim za neposreden stik z živili.
General Information
- Status
- Published
- Publication Date
- 06-Nov-2018
- Withdrawal Date
- 30-May-2019
- Technical Committee
- CEN/TC 172 - Pulp, paper and board
- Drafting Committee
- CEN/TC 172 - Pulp, paper and board
- Current Stage
- 9092 - Decision on results of review/2YR ENQ - revise - Review Enquiry
- Start Date
- 31-Jul-2024
- Completion Date
- 14-Apr-2025
Relations
- Effective Date
- 02-Mar-2016
- Effective Date
- 07-Aug-2024
Overview
EN 1104:2018 (CEN) specifies a laboratory method to determine the transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials and articles intended to come into contact with food. The standard describes a migration-type microbiological test that detects water‑soluble antimicrobial agents released from paper/board by monitoring zones where microbial growth is inhibited. This European Standard supersedes EN 1104:2005 and includes updated definitions and interpretative guidance (Annex A).
Key Topics and Requirements
- Scope and principle
- Qualitative detection of antimicrobial transfer using inoculated agar plates; presence of an inhibition zone around test pieces indicates release of antimicrobial constituents.
- Test organisms: Bacillus subtilis (bacterium) and Aspergillus niger (fungus).
- Test definition
- An inhibition zone is a translucent area of absent growth; proof requires at least 2 mm width of no-growth at the test piece edges.
- Apparatus and sample handling
- Sterile Petri dishes, punch (10–15 mm), pressing device (e.g., Drigalski spatula), optional zone-reading device.
- Reagents and culture media
- Standard specifies media formulations and preparation for spore production and inhibition testing (nutrient media for Bacillus subtilis and Sabouraud/modified Sabouraud for Aspergillus niger), tryptone salt solution, and a non-ionic wetting agent.
- Microbiological procedure
- Preparation of inocula, pouring inoculated agar, placement of test pieces before solidification, incubation, visual evaluation of inhibition zones.
- Controls and interpretation
- Negative and positive controls (including antibiotic/antifungal positive controls) and detailed guidance in Annex A for interpreting ambiguous results.
- Reporting
- Test report content requirements are defined to support traceability and regulatory use.
Practical Applications and Users
EN 1104:2018 is used to assess whether antimicrobial additives in paper or board migrate into food-contact environments and thus:
- Supports regulatory compliance where legislation requires assessment of food contact materials.
- Informs quality control and product safety testing by paper and packaging manufacturers and converters.
- Guides third‑party testing laboratories, compliance bodies, and food businesses conducting supplier assurance.
- Assists product development teams evaluating antimicrobial treatments for food packaging (shelf-life, safety considerations).
Related Standards
- EN ISO 186 - Sampling of paper and board
- EN ISO 7218 - Microbiological general requirements and guidance
- EN ISO 11133 - Preparation and performance testing of culture media
Keywords: EN 1104:2018, antimicrobial transfer, paper and board, food contact materials, inhibition zone, Bacillus subtilis, Aspergillus niger, CEN standard, migration test, food packaging compliance.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 1104:2018 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs - Determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents". This standard covers: This document specifies a method for the determination of transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials and articles intended for food contact. NOTE The need of using this Standard may be specified by the legislation regarding paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.
This document specifies a method for the determination of transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials and articles intended for food contact. NOTE The need of using this Standard may be specified by the legislation regarding paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs.
EN 1104:2018 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 67.250 - Materials and articles in contact with foodstuffs; 85.060 - Paper and board. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
EN 1104:2018 has the following relationships with other standards: It is inter standard links to EN 1104:2005, prEN 1104. Understanding these relationships helps ensure you are using the most current and applicable version of the standard.
You can purchase EN 1104:2018 directly from iTeh Standards. The document is available in PDF format and is delivered instantly after payment. Add the standard to your cart and complete the secure checkout process. iTeh Standards is an authorized distributor of CEN standards.
Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Papier und Pappe vorgesehen für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln - Bestimmung des Übergangs antimikrobieller BestandteilePapier et carton destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires - Détermination du transfert des constituants antimicrobiensPaper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs - Determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents85.060Papir, karton in lepenkaPaper and board67.250Materiali in predmeti v stiku z živiliMaterials and articles in contact with foodstuffsICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 1104:2018SIST EN 1104:2019en,fr,de01-januar-2019SIST EN 1104:2019SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 1104:20051DGRPHãþD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 1104
November
t r s z ICS
x yä t w râ
z wä r x r English Version
Paper and board intended to come into contact with foodstuffs æ Determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents Papier et carton destinés à entrer en contact avec les denrées alimentaires æ Détermination du transfert des constituants antimicrobiens
Papier und Pappe vorgesehen für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln æ Bestimmung des Übergangs antimikrobieller Bestandteile This European Standard was approved by CEN on
s w July
t r s zä
egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alterationä Upætoædate lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN memberä
translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CENæCENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versionsä
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austriaá Belgiumá Bulgariaá Croatiaá Cyprusá Czech Republicá Denmarká Estoniaá Finlandá Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedoniaá Franceá Germanyá Greeceá Hungaryá Icelandá Irelandá Italyá Latviaá Lithuaniaá Luxembourgá Maltaá Netherlandsá Norwayá Polandá Portugalá Romaniaá Serbiaá Slovakiaá Sloveniaá Spainá Swedená Switzerlandá Turkey and United Kingdomä
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre:
Rue de la Science 23,
B-1040 Brussels
t r s z CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Membersä Refä Noä EN
s s r vã t r s z ESIST EN 1104:2019
Page European foreword . 4 1 Scope . 5 2 Normative references . 5 3 Terms and definitions . 5 4 Principle . 5 5 Apparatus . 6 6 Reagents and media . 6 6.1 General . 6 6.2 Non ionic wetting agent . 6 6.3 Nutrient medium for the preparation of Bacillus subtilis spores . 6 6.3.1 Composition . 6 6.3.2 Preparation . 6 6.4 Nutrient medium of Sabouraud for the preparation of Aspergillus niger spores . 7 6.4.1 Composition . 7 6.4.2 Preparation . 7 6.5 Nutrient medium for the inhibition test with Bacillus subtilis . 7 6.5.1 Composition . 7 6.5.2 Preparation . 7 6.6 Nutrient medium of modified Sabouraud for the inhibition test with Aspergillus niger . 8 6.6.1 Composition . 8 6.6.2 Preparation . 8 6.7 Tryptone salt solution . 8 6.7.1 Composition . 8 6.7.2 Preparation . 8 6.8 Test microorganisms . 8 6.8.1 General . 8 6.8.2 Preparation of working cultures . 8 6.8.3 Preparation of inoculating spore suspension of Bacillus subtilis . 9 6.8.4 Preparation of inoculating spore suspension of Aspergillus niger . 9 6.8.5 Concentrations of spores for inhibition test . 9 6.9 Positive controls . 10 6.9.1 Antibiotic . 10 6.9.2 Antifungal agent . 10 7 Sampling and preparation of test pieces . 10 8 Procedure. 10 8.1 General . 10 8.2 Preparation of plates . 10 8.2.1 General . 10 8.2.2 Test with Bacillus subtilis . 10 8.2.3 Test with Aspergillus niger . 11 8.3 Incubation . 11 9 Evaluation . 11 SIST EN 1104:2019
Guidelines for interpreting results . 13 A.1 General . 13 A.2 Negative and positive controls . 13 A.2.1 Negative controls . 13 A.2.2 Positive controls . 14 A.3 Paper and board samples . 15 A.3.1 General . 15 A.3.2 Case of Bacillus subtilis . 15 A.3.3 Case of Aspergillus niger . 19
IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp 3.1 inhibition zone obvious area in which growth is absent and which forms around test pieces placed on a nutrient medium inoculated with a preselected test microorganism, due to the release of water-soluble antimicrobial constituents; proof of the presence of an inhibition zone is provided by the absence of test micro-organism growth (translucent zone) in a minimum of 2 mm width zone at the edges of the test pieces 4 Principle A prepared nutrient medium is mixed with an appropriate inoculum and poured into Petri dishes. The test pieces are placed on the nutrient medium before its complete solidification and then incubated. When incubation is terminated, the existence of an inhibition zone is an indicator of the release of antimicrobial constituents. The test is performed with a bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, and with a fungus, Aspergillus niger. NOTE The result is based on a visual decision. SIST EN 1104:2019
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The EN 1104:2018 standard provides a comprehensive approach to assessing the transfer of antimicrobial constituents from paper and board materials that come into contact with foodstuffs. Its primary focus is to establish a reliable methodology for determining the potential migration of these constituents during use, which is critical for ensuring consumer safety and compliance with regulations regarding food contact materials. One of the key strengths of this standard lies in its clearly defined parameters and procedures, which enable manufacturers to rigorously test their products for compliance. This standardization is essential in fostering confidence among stakeholders, including regulatory bodies, manufacturers, and consumers, about the safety of food contact materials. The relevance of EN 1104:2018 extends beyond mere compliance, as it addresses growing concerns over food safety and the potential risks associated with antimicrobial substances. By facilitating the evaluation of paper and board intended for food contact, this standard not only aids in meeting legislative requirements but also ensures that manufacturers can design products that align with consumer expectations for safety and quality. In summary, EN 1104:2018 serves as an important framework for the determination of the transfer of antimicrobial constituents, reinforcing the commitment to safe food packaging practices. The application of this standard is crucial in the industry, emphasizing its pivotal role in enhancing food safety while adhering to necessary regulations.
SIST EN 1104:2019 표준은 식품 접촉용 종이 및 판지에서 항균 성분의 전이를 측정하는 방법을 규명합니다. 이 표준의 범위는 식품과 접촉하기 위한 종이 및 판지 재료에서 항균 성분의 전이를 정량적으로 평가하는 과정에 중점을 두고 있습니다. 이러한 측정 방법은 식품 안전성을 보장하고, 소비자가 안전한 제품을 소비할 수 있도록 해줍니다. 이 표준의 강점은 명확한 절차와 기준을 제공하여, 산업계와 연구자들이 항균 성분의 전이 여부를 체계적으로 분석할 수 있도록 돕는다는 점입니다. 이러한 분석은 식품의 품질 및 안전성 향상에 기여하며, 소비자 신뢰를 증진시킵니다. 또한, 관련 법규에 따라 이 표준의 사용이 권장되므로, 기업들이 규제 준수에 필요한 지침을 마련하는 데 유용합니다. 결론적으로, SIST EN 1104:2019 표준은 식품과 접촉하는 종이 및 판지의 항균 성분 전이 측정을 위한 중요한 기준을 제시하며, 식품 산업에서의 안전성을 확보하는 데 필수적인 역할을 할 수 있습니다. 이는 소비자가 안전한 식품을 소비하는 데 기여할 뿐만 아니라, 업계에서 신뢰할 수 있는 제품 개발을 지원하는 중요한 도구라 할 수 있습니다.
EN 1104:2018は、食品と接触するために意図された紙と板材に関する標準規格であり、抗微生物成分の移行を determinate する方法を具体的に示しています。この標準の範囲は、食品と接触する用途において、安全性を確保するために重要です。特に、紙と板材から抗微生物成分が食品に移行する可能性について評価することで、食品の衛生状態を保つことが期待されます。 この標準の強みは、明確な試験方法を提供することにより、業界全体での一貫した評価を可能にする点です。また、業界における食品接触材料の安全性基準の遵守を通じて、消費者の健康を守る上でも重要な役割を果たします。法律や規制によって、食品と接触する紙と板材に関してこの標準の使用が求められることがあるため、法的遵守の観点からも大変 relevancy があります。 さらに、EN 1104:2018は、業界の研究者や製造者にとっても価値あるリソースであり、抗微生物成分に関する知識を深め、適切な材料選定を支援します。このように、食品と接触する紙と板材の安全性を確保するための確固たる基準を提供する点で、この標準は極めて有用です。
La norme EN 1104:2018 porte sur la détermination du transfert de constituants antimicrobiens provenant de papiers et de cartons destinés à entrer en contact avec des denrées alimentaires. Son objectif principal est de garantir la sécurité et la conformité des matériaux utilisés dans l'emballage alimentaire, un aspect capital dans la protection des consommateurs. L'un des points forts de cette norme réside dans sa méthode clairement définie pour mesurer le transfert de ces constituants antimicrobiens, ce qui permet aux fabricants d'évaluer le risque potentiel pour la santé publique. La norme offre ainsi une réelle garantie sur la qualité des produits en papier et en carton destinés à l'emballage alimentaire. De plus, son utilisation peut être explicitement requise par la législation relative aux matériaux en contact avec des denrées alimentaires, soulignant ainsi sa pertinence et son importance dans le cadre réglementaire en vigueur. En intégrant cette norme dans leurs processus de production, les industriels peuvent non seulement s'assurer de la conformité de leurs produits aux exigences légales, mais aussi renforcer la confiance des consommateurs envers leur marque. EN 1104:2018 s'avère donc être un outil indispensable pour toutes les entreprises œuvrant dans le secteur des emballages alimentaires. Sa mise en œuvre contribuera indéniablement à l’amélioration des standards de sécurité alimentaire au sein de l'industrie.
Die Norm EN 1104:2018 behandelt die Bestimmung des Transfers von antimikrobiellen Bestandteilen aus Papier und Pappe, die für den Kontakt mit Lebensmitteln bestimmt sind. Die Relevanz dieser Norm ergibt sich aus der Notwendigkeit, die Sicherheit und gesundheitlichen Unbedenklichkeit von Verpackungsmaterialien zu gewährleisten, die mit Lebensmitteln in Berührung kommen. Dies ist besonders wichtig, da die Übertragung von antimikrobiellen Stoffen potenziell gesundheitliche Risiken für Verbraucher darstellen kann. Ein wesentlicher Vorteil dieser Norm ist die klare und präzise Methodik zur Durchführung der Tests, die eine standardisierte Vorgehensweise in der Industrie fördert. Durch die Definition eines einheitlichen Verfahrens ermöglicht die EN 1104:2018 eine konsistente Bewertung der sicherheitsrelevanten Eigenschaften von Papier und Pappe. Dies hilft Unternehmen nicht nur, den gesetzlichen Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, sondern verbessert auch das Vertrauen in ihre Produkte bei den Verbrauchern. Die Norm ist besonders relevant im Hinblick auf die aktuellen gesetzlichen Bestimmungen, die den Einsatz von antimikrobiellen Stoffen in Lebensmittelverpackungen regeln. Indem sie eine einschlägige Prüfmethodik bereitstellt, unterstützt die EN 1104:2018 Unternehmen dabei, die Vorschriften einzuhalten und zugleich die Marktakzeptanz ihrer Produkte zu erhöhen. Zusammenfassend lässt sich sagen, dass die EN 1104:2018 eine bedeutende Norm im Bereich der Lebensmittelsicherheit darstellt, indem sie die Bestimmung des Transfers von antimikrobiellen Bestandteilen klar regelt und damit sowohl die Qualität als auch die Sicherheit von verpackten Lebensmitteln erhöht.
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