EN 16276:2013
(Main)Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
This European Standard specifies evacuation lighting in road tunnels longer than 500 m and with an AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) higher than 500 vehicles to facilitate the safe evacuation of vehicle occupants in evacuation situations such as fire. It addresses the fundamental issues of evacuation lighting for evacuation routes, emergency exits and cross connections, as well as giving some practical advice regarding aspects of installation and maintenance in road tunnels. It is intended to be used in conjunction with CEN/CR 14380:2003 or relevant national standards for road tunnel lighting.
The recommendations may be applied to tunnels up to 500 m in length, especially where conditions such as high traffic volume, or severe curvature or gradient apply.
It specifies lighting levels and general provisions for evacuation lighting installations that, based on experience, are considered to be necessary for the safety of people driving through road tunnels in case of an incident and particularly in case of fire. However, as there are different types of road tunnels, both in construction and traffic conditions, various types of incident may occur. This standard should be considered as a list of minimum prescriptions for evacuation lighting in tunnels, to be completed by means of specific risk analysis for the particular tunnel.
The design of marking and safety signs is not part of this standard.
Evakuierungsbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln
Diese Norm legt Anforderungen fest an die Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln, welche länger als 500 m sind und einen DTV (Jährlicher Durchschnitt täglicher Verkehr) von mehr als 500 Fahrzeugen aufweisen, um eine sichere Evakuierung von Fahrzeuginsassen in Ereignisfällen wie z. B. Feuer zu ermöglichen. Sie befasst sich mit den Grundbelangen der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung für Fluchtwege, Notausgänge und Querschläge; darüber hinaus gibt sie auch praktische Hilfestellung in Hinblick auf Installation und Unterhaltung der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln. Es ist vorgesehen die Norm in Verbindung mit der CEN/CR 14380:2003 oder mit einschlägigen nationalen Normen für die Beleuchtung in Straßentunneln zu verwenden.
Die Empfehlungen dürfen auch für Tunnel bis zu einer Länge von 500 m angewendet werden, besonders bei Gegebenheiten wie hohes Verkehrsaufkommen, scharfe Krümmungen oder Gefällstrecken.
Es werden Angaben zu Beleuchtungsniveaus und zu allgemeinen Bestimmungen für die Installation der Fluchtwegbeleuchtung gemacht. Diese basieren auf Erfahrungen, welche im Störfall und besonders bei Feuer als notwendig erachtet werden, um die Sicherheit von Personen, die durch den Straßentunnel fahren, sicherzustellen. Da es aber verschiede Arten von Tunneln gibt, die sich sowohl in der Bauart als auch den Verkehrsverhältnissen unterscheiden können und verschiedene Arten von Störfällen vorkommen können, sollte diese Norm als eine Liste von minimalen Vorschriften für die Fluchtwegbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln betrachtet werden, welche durch eine spezifische Risikoanalyse für den bestimmten Tunnel zu vervollständigen ist.
Die Ausführung der Kennzeichen und der Sicherheitszeichen ist nicht Teil dieser Norm.
Éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers
La présente Norme européenne spécifie l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers d'une longueur supérieure à 500 m et dont le TMJA (trafic moyen journalier annuel) est supérieur à 500 véhicules pour faciliter l'évacuation en toute sécurité des usagers lors de situations d'évacuation telles qu'un incendie. Elle traite des questions fondamentales relatives à l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation, des issues de secours et des galeries de communication. Elle donne également quelques conseils pratiques portant sur des caractéristiques d'installation et d'entretien dans les tunnels routiers. Elle est destinée à être utilisée conjointement avec le CEN/CR 14380:2003 ou les normes nationales pertinentes concernant l'éclairage des tunnels routiers.
Ces recommandations peuvent s’appliquer aux tunnels d’une longueur maximale de 500 m, en particulier ceux qui ont un volume de trafic élevé ou qui présentent des courbes ou des pentes importantes.
La présente Norme européenne spécifie des niveaux d'éclairage et des dispositions générales applicables aux installations d'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation qui, par expérience, sont considérées comme nécessaires pour la sécurité des usagers des tunnels routiers en cas d'incident, et particulièrement en cas d'incendie. Cependant, puisqu'il existe différents types de tunnels routiers, à la fois en construction et en exploitation, différents types d'incidents peuvent survenir. Il convient de considérer la présente Norme européenne comme une liste des prescriptions minimales pour l'éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels, à compléter par une analyse des risques spécifique du tunnel concerné.
La conception du marquage et des signaux de sécurité ne relève pas de la présente norme.
Razsvetljava evakuacijskih poti v predorih
Ta evropski standard določa razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti v predorih, daljših od 500 m in s povprečnim letnim dnevnim prometom (AADT), višjim od 500 vozil, za zagotavljanje varne evakuacije uporabnikov vozil v evakuacijskih situacijah, kot je požar. Obravnava osnovna vprašanja v zvezi z razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti, izhodi v sili in navzkrižnimi povezavami ter podaja nekaj praktičnih nasvetov v zvezi z vidiki namestitve in vzdrževanja v predorih. Namenjen je za uporabo skupaj s standardom CEN/CR 14380:2003 ali ustreznimi nacionalnimi standardi za razsvetljavo predorov. Priporočila se lahko uporabljajo za predore do 500 m dolžine, zlasti kjer veljajo pogoji, kot je velik obseg prometa ali oster ovinek ali naklon. Določa ravni razsvetljave in splošne določbe za namestitev razsvetljave evakuacijskih poti, ki se glede na izkušnje štejejo kot potrebne za varnost ljudi, ki se vozijo skozi predore, v primeru nesreče in zlasti v primeru požara. Vendar ker obstajajo različne vrste predorov, ki se razlikujejo po načinu gradnje in prometnih pogojih, lahko pride do različnih vrst nesreč. Ta standard naj se uporablja kot seznam minimalnih predpisov za razsvetljavo evakuacijskih poti v predorih, pri čemer naj ga dopolnjuje specifična analiza tveganja za posamezen predor. Zasnova oznak in varnostnih znakov ni del tega standarda.
General Information
Overview
EN 16276:2013 - Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels (CEN) defines minimum requirements for evacuation lighting in road tunnels longer than 500 m with an AADT above 500 vehicles. The standard focuses on lighting to support safe pedestrian evacuation (e.g., during fire) and complements normal and standby tunnel lighting. It provides guidance on evacuation routes, emergency exits, cross‑connections, installation, testing and maintenance - and is intended to be used alongside CEN/CR 14380:2003 or relevant national tunnel‑lighting standards.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope: Applies to tunnels >500 m and AADT >500; recommendations may also be applied to shorter tunnels in demanding conditions (high traffic, severe curvature/gradient).
- Power and duration: Evacuation systems must be supplied from an uninterruptible power source. If no national rule exists, evacuation mode duration should be at least 30 minutes or as determined by a tunnel‑specific risk analysis.
- Evacuation route marker lights:
- Spacing not to exceed 25 m and mounted no higher than 1.5 m above carriageway.
- Markers must be operational at all times (permanently lit or switched on in an emergency).
- Limitation of marker intensity to avoid driver glare: luminous intensity ≤ 40 cd in a cone of 2 × 15° in the driver’s viewing direction during normal conditions.
- Minimum maintained luminous intensity for pedestrian visibility in smoke: 0.1 cd per meter of marker spacing, with a minimum of 1 cd. For wider tunnels, determine intensity by tunnel width.
- Emergency exit markers and lighting:
- Green marker lights around exit frames are required.
- Flashing during evacuation is recommended (recommended flash 0.5–2 Hz) with luminous intensity ≥ 100 cd in all emission directions.
- Exit illumination should provide good colour rendering for green finishes.
- Evacuation route outside the tunnel:
- Maintain average horizontal illuminance not less than the tunnel interior daytime illuminance and overall uniformity (min/ave) ≥ 0.2.
- Light sources: colour rendering index Ra ≥ 40.
- Inspection/testing: Follow EN 50172 (or national regulation) for inspection and testing.
Practical applications and users
This standard is essential for:
- Tunnel designers and lighting engineers specifying evacuation lighting systems
- Road authorities and tunnel operators managing safety compliance
- Safety auditors and consultants conducting tunnel risk assessments
- Contractors and maintenance teams installing and testing emergency lighting
EN 16276:2013 provides minimum, experience‑based prescriptions that must be completed by a specific risk analysis for each tunnel.
Related standards
- CEN/CR 14380:2003 (Tunnel lighting)
- EN 1838 (Emergency lighting)
- EN 12665 (Lighting terms & criteria)
- EN 50172 (Emergency escape lighting systems)
- ISO 3864‑1 / ISO 7010 (safety sign design - referenced for signage)
Keywords: EN 16276:2013, evacuation lighting, road tunnels, tunnel safety, emergency exits, evacuation routes, standby lighting, AADT, lighting levels, tunnel maintenance, risk analysis.
Frequently Asked Questions
EN 16276:2013 is a standard published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN). Its full title is "Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels". This standard covers: This European Standard specifies evacuation lighting in road tunnels longer than 500 m and with an AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) higher than 500 vehicles to facilitate the safe evacuation of vehicle occupants in evacuation situations such as fire. It addresses the fundamental issues of evacuation lighting for evacuation routes, emergency exits and cross connections, as well as giving some practical advice regarding aspects of installation and maintenance in road tunnels. It is intended to be used in conjunction with CEN/CR 14380:2003 or relevant national standards for road tunnel lighting. The recommendations may be applied to tunnels up to 500 m in length, especially where conditions such as high traffic volume, or severe curvature or gradient apply. It specifies lighting levels and general provisions for evacuation lighting installations that, based on experience, are considered to be necessary for the safety of people driving through road tunnels in case of an incident and particularly in case of fire. However, as there are different types of road tunnels, both in construction and traffic conditions, various types of incident may occur. This standard should be considered as a list of minimum prescriptions for evacuation lighting in tunnels, to be completed by means of specific risk analysis for the particular tunnel. The design of marking and safety signs is not part of this standard.
This European Standard specifies evacuation lighting in road tunnels longer than 500 m and with an AADT (Annual Average Daily Traffic) higher than 500 vehicles to facilitate the safe evacuation of vehicle occupants in evacuation situations such as fire. It addresses the fundamental issues of evacuation lighting for evacuation routes, emergency exits and cross connections, as well as giving some practical advice regarding aspects of installation and maintenance in road tunnels. It is intended to be used in conjunction with CEN/CR 14380:2003 or relevant national standards for road tunnel lighting. The recommendations may be applied to tunnels up to 500 m in length, especially where conditions such as high traffic volume, or severe curvature or gradient apply. It specifies lighting levels and general provisions for evacuation lighting installations that, based on experience, are considered to be necessary for the safety of people driving through road tunnels in case of an incident and particularly in case of fire. However, as there are different types of road tunnels, both in construction and traffic conditions, various types of incident may occur. This standard should be considered as a list of minimum prescriptions for evacuation lighting in tunnels, to be completed by means of specific risk analysis for the particular tunnel. The design of marking and safety signs is not part of this standard.
EN 16276:2013 is classified under the following ICS (International Classification for Standards) categories: 93.080.40 - Street lighting and related equipment. The ICS classification helps identify the subject area and facilitates finding related standards.
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Razsvetljava evakuacijskih poti v predorihFluchtwegbeleuchtung in StraßentunnelnEclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiersEvacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels93.080.40Street lighting and related equipment93.060Gradnja predorovTunnel constructionICS:Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 16276:2013SIST EN 16276:2013en,fr,de01-maj-2013SIST EN 16276:2013SLOVENSKI
STANDARD
EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPÉENNE EUROPÄISCHE NORM
EN 16276
January 2013 ICS 93.080.40 English Version
Evacuation Lighting in Road Tunnels
Éclairage des itinéraires d'évacuation dans les tunnels routiers
Evakuierungsbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 December 2012.
CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
Management Centre:
Avenue Marnix 17,
B-1000 Brussels © 2013 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 16276:2013: ESIST EN 16276:2013
A–deviations . 13 Bibliography. 14
part of the road used by vehicular traffic, normally divided into lanes
3.1.3 vehicular cross connections (between tunnel tubes) vehicular carriageway connecting adjacent tubes SIST EN 16276:2013
Key 1 main tunnel 2 vehicular cross connection Figure 1 — Vehicular cross connection 3.1.4 pedestrian cross connections (between tunnel tubes) pedestrian route connecting adjacent tubes
Key 1 main tunnel 2 pedestrian cross connection Figure 2 — Pedestrian cross connection SIST EN 16276:2013
Key 1 main tunnel 2 emergency exit 3 outdoor 4 safety gallery 5 safe area 6 evacuation route outside the main tunnel 7 final exit 8 evacuation route within the main tunnel 9 carriageway Figure 3 — Tunnel construction examples 3.2 Road tunnel evacuation lighting terms 3.2.1 standby lighting
part of the normal lighting that maintains the tunnel lighting at a specific level in the event of a breakdown of the power supply Note 1 to entry: Standby lighting is called emergency lighting in CEN/CR 14380:2003. SIST EN 16276:2013
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SIST EN 16276:2013は、500メートルを超える長さの道路トンネルにおける避難照明の標準を示しています。この標準は、AADT（年間平均交通量）が500台以上のトンネルに適用され、火災などの緊急時における車両乗員の安全な避難を促進することを目的としています。 この基準の強みは、避難経路、非常口、および交差点における避難照明の基本的な問題を扱っている点です。特に、設置や維持管理に関する実用的なアドバイスが提供されているため、道路トンネルでの実践において非常に有用です。また、500メートル未満のトンネルにも適用可能な推奨事項が含まれており、交通量が多い、曲線や勾配が厳しいなどの条件においても有効です。 標準では、避難照明の設置に必要とされる照明レベルや一般的な規定が明記されています。これにより、事故時、特に火災時に道路トンネルを通行する人々の安全が確保されることが期待されます。ただし、道路トンネルの構造や交通条件に応じて多様な事故が発生する可能性があるため、本標準はトンネル特有のリスク分析を基に、避難照明に関する最低基準のリストとして捉えるべきです。 また、マークや安全標識の設計はこの標準の範囲外であるため、避難照明の側面に集中した内容になっています。全体として、SIST EN 16276:2013は、道路トンネルにおける避難安全を高めるための重要なガイドラインとして、極めて関連性の高い文書と言えます。
La norme SIST EN 16276:2013 sur l’éclairage d’évacuation dans les tunnels routiers s’applique spécifiquement aux tunnels de plus de 500 mètres de long, dotés d’un AADT (trafic moyen quotidien annuel) supérieur à 500 véhicules. Ce cadre normatif est essentiel pour garantir l’évacuation sécurisée des occupants de véhicules en cas de situations d'évacuation, notamment lors d'incendies. Les points forts de cette norme résident dans sa portée détaillée, qui aborde les éléments clés de l'éclairage d'évacuation, y compris les chemins d'évacuation, les sorties d'urgence et les connexions transversales. Elle propose également des conseils pratiques relatifs à l’installation et à la maintenance de ces systèmes d’éclairage, spécifiques aux tunnels routiers. En précisant des niveaux d'éclairage et des prescriptions générales cruciales basées sur l'expérience, elle contribue à assurer la sécurité des usagers en cas d'incident. En outre, bien que la norme soit principalement orientée vers les tunnels dépassant 500 mètres, elle demeure pertinente pour les structures plus courtes sous certaines conditions (volume de trafic élevé, courbure ou dénivelé sévère). Cela témoigne de son adaptabilité face à différents types de tunnels et environnements de circulation. Il est à noter que la norme n'inclut pas la conception de la signalétique et des panneaux de sécurité, ce qui indique une spécialisation ciblée sur l’aspect de l’éclairage d’évacuation. De plus, cette norme doit être considérée comme une base de prescriptions minimales, à enrichir par des analyses de risques spécifiques aux tunnels concernés, garantissant ainsi une approche personnalisée et efficace face à la sécurité en situation d’urgence. En somme, la norme SIST EN 16276:2013 est un outil crucial dans le domaine de la sécurité routière, assurant que chaque tunnel respectant ses critères contribue efficacement à la protection des automobilistes en cas d'incident.
Die Norm EN 16276:2013 legt die Anforderungen an die Notbeleuchtung in Straßentunneln fest, die länger als 500 m sind und über eine durchschnittliche tägliche Verkehrszahl (AADT) von mehr als 500 Fahrzeugen verfügen. Dieser Standard fokussiert sich auf die Sicherstellung einer sicheren Evakuierung der Fahrzeuginsassen in Notsituationen, wie beispielsweise bei einem Brand. Ein herausragendes Merkmal der EN 16276:2013 ist der klare Fokus auf die Beleuchtung von Evakuierungsrouten, Notausgängen und Querverbindungen, was entscheidend für die Sicherheit der Personen ist, die durch Straßentunnel fahren. Die Empfehlungen sind nicht nur auf Tunnelsituationen ab einem bestimmten Maß zugeschnitten, sondern können auch auf Tunnels bis zu 500 m Länge angewendet werden, insbesondere wenn hohe Verkehrsaufkommen oder herausfordernde bauliche Gegebenheiten wie starker Kurvenverlauf oder Steigungen vorliegen. Die Norm definiert spezifische Beleuchtungsstärken sowie allgemeine Vorschriften für Notbeleuchtungsinstallationen, die auf praktischen Erfahrungen basieren und als notwendig erachtet werden, um die Sicherheit in Tunnelanlagen zu gewährleisten. Dies ist besonders wichtig im Falle eines Vorfalls, wo adäquate Beleuchtung lebensrettend sein kann. Es ist hervorzuheben, dass die EN 16276:2013 als Grundlage gedacht ist und nicht alle möglichen Tunnelvarianten oder spezifische Ereignisse abbildet; daher sollten bei der Anwendung dieser Norm spezifische Risikoanalysen für den jeweiligen Tunnel durchgeführt werden. Der Standard stellt somit eine Liste von Mindestanforderungen für die Notbeleuchtung dar und trägt zur Schaffung sicherer Tunnelumgebungen erheblich bei. Es ist wichtig zu beachten, dass die Gestaltung von Markierungen und Sicherheitszeichen nicht Teil dieser Norm ist, was einen klaren Fokus auf die Beleuchtung als kritisches Element der Evakuierungsstrategie unterstreicht. In Kombination mit den CEN/CR 14380:2003 oder relevanten nationalen Normen für die Tunnelbeleuchtung bietet die EN 16276:2013 einen klaren und strukturierten Leitfaden zur Verbesserung der Sicherheit in Straßentunneln.
The EN 16276:2013 standard plays a vital role in improving safety protocols related to evacuation lighting in road tunnels, particularly those exceeding 500 meters in length and handling a significant volume of traffic (AADT greater than 500 vehicles). The scope of this standard is well-defined, focusing specifically on the essential aspects of evacuation lighting that are crucial for facilitating safe egress during emergency situations such as fires. One of the key strengths of this standard is its comprehensive approach to addressing evacuation lighting needs. By detailing the lighting levels required in evacuation routes, emergency exits, and cross connections, the standard ensures that vehicle occupants can navigate safely in crisis scenarios. Additionally, it provides practical guidance on installation and maintenance specific to road tunnels, thus promoting a structured implementation of these safety measures. The flexibility of the standard permits the application of its recommendations to shorter tunnels (up to 500 meters), which is particularly beneficial in scenarios involving high traffic volumes or challenging tunnel geometries such as severe curves or gradients. This adaptability reinforces the standard’s relevance across varying conditions, ensuring that safety measures can be effectively tailored to the unique characteristics of each tunnel. Furthermore, the document emphasizes that the provisions set forth in EN 16276:2013 should serve as minimum requirements for evacuation lighting, and it encourages practitioners to complement these guidelines with specific risk analyses relevant to individual tunnels. This aspect recognizes the diversity of tunnel structures and the potential for varied incidents, enhancing the standard's applicability and robustness. It is important to note that the design of marking and safety signs is outside the purview of this standard, which allows it to focus squarely on the technical specifications necessary for evacuation lighting. Overall, EN 16276:2013 establishes a solid foundation for improving tunnel safety, contributing significantly to the protection of occupants during emergencies.
SIST EN 16276:2013 표준은 500미터 이상의 도로 터널에서의 대피 조명을 규정하고 있으며, 일일 평균 교통량이 500대 이상인 경우 대피를 위한 안전한 경로를 마련하는 것을 목표로 합니다. 이 표준은 화재와 같은 비상 상황에서 차량 탑승자의 안전한 대피를 지원하기 위한 대피 조명의 기본적인 문제를 다룹니다. 대피 경로, 비상 출구 및 교차 연결에 대한 요구사항을 상세히 규정하며, 도로 터널 내 설치 및 유지 관리와 관련된 실질적인 조언을 제공합니다. 이 표준의 강점 중 하나는 다양한 유형의 도로 터널을 감안하여 대피 조명 설치에 대한 조명 수준과 일반 규정을 명확히 제시하고 있다는 점입니다. 특히 화재 발생 시 도로 터널을 통과하는 차량 탑승자의 안전을 보장하기 위해 필요한 사항을 경험에 기반하여 설정하고 있습니다. 이 표준은 기존에 존재하는 CEN/CR 14380:2003 또는 관련 국가 기준과 함께 활용될 수 있도록 설계되어 있어 호환성이 높습니다. 또한, 이 표준의 적용 범위는 500미터 이하의 터널에도 확대될 수 있으며, 특히 교통량이 많거나 심각한 곡선이나 경사 조건이 있을 경우에 해당합니다. 이는 다양한 비상 상황에 따라 발생할 수 있는 다양한 조명 요구를 충족시키는 데 매우 중요합니다. 다만, 대피 조명 이외의 표지판 디자인과 안전 표지의 설계는 이 표준에 포함되어 있지 않으며, 특정 터널에 대한 위험 분석을 통해 보완적 요구사항이 필요함을 강조하고 있습니다. 이러한 방식으로 SIST EN 16276:2013은 효율적인 대피 조명 시스템 구축을 위한 기본적인 요구사항 목록을 제공하고 있습니다.
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