prEN 14324
(Main)Brazing - Guidance on the application of brazed joints
Brazing - Guidance on the application of brazed joints
This European Standard gives guidance on the application of brazing and the manufacture of brazed joints. This standard gives an introduction to brazing and a basis for the understanding and use of brazing in different applications. Because of the wide range of applications of brazing, this standard does not give detailed guidance that might be product specific. For such information, reference should be made to the appropriate product standard or, for applications where this does not exist, the relevant criteria should be clearly established before any brazing is undertaken.
This standard covers joint design and assembly, material aspects for both parent material and filler materials, brazing process and process variables, pre- and post-braze treatment and inspection.
Hartlöten - Anleitung zur Anwendung hartgelöteter Verbindungen
Diese Europäische Norm gibt eine Anleitung zur Anwendung von hartgelöteten Verbindungen. Diese Norm gibt eine Einführung in das Hartlöten und eine Grundlage zum Verständnis und zum Gebrauch des Hartlötens für unterschiedliche Anwendungen. Diese Norm gibt keine detaillierten Anleitungen, da der Anwendungsbereich des Hartlötens sehr breit und produktspezifisch sein kann. Für solche Informationen sollte die entsprechende Produktnorm als Referenz dienen, oder für Anwendungen, wo diese nicht vorhanden sind, sollten die wichtigen Kriterien vor der Durchführung des Hartlötens genau feststehen.
Diese Norm behandelt die Konstruktion und die Montage, die Aspekte der Grund- und Zusatzwerkstoffe, den Hartlötprozess und Unterschiede in den Prozessen, Vor- und Nachbehandlung sowie die Inspektion.
Brasage fort - Guide d’application pour les assemblages réalisés par brasage fort
La présente Norme européenne constitue un guide d’application pour les assemblages par brasage fort. La présente norme représente une introduction au brasage fort et une base pour la compréhension et l’emploi du brasage fort pour différentes applications. En raison du vaste champ d’application du brasage fort, la présente norme n’est pas un guide détaillé spécifique d’un produit. Dans le cas où de telles informations sont nécessaires, il convient de faire référence aux normes de produits adéquates ou bien, dans le cas où de telles normes n’existent pas, convient-il de fixer de façon claire les critères appropriés avant d’entreprendre toute opération de brasage fort.
La présente norme couvre la conception des joints et l’assemblage, les aspects relatifs aux matériaux à la fois pour le matériau de base et les matériaux d’apport, le processus de brasage fort et les variables opératoires, les traitements avant et après brasage fort et l’inspection.
Trdo spajkanje - Navodilo za uporabo trdo spajkanih spojev
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
01-september-2017
Trdo spajkanje - Navodilo za uporabo trdo spajkanih spojev
Brazing - Guidance on the application of brazed joints
Hartlöten - Anleitung zur Anwendung hartgelöteter Verbindungen
Brasage fort - Guide d’application pour les assemblages réalisés par brasage fort
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: prEN 14324
ICS:
25.160.50 Trdo in mehko lotanje Brazing and soldering
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
DRAFT
EUROPEAN STANDARD
NORME EUROPÉENNE
EUROPÄISCHE NORM
July 2017
ICS 25.160.50 Will supersede EN 14324:2004
English Version
Brazing - Guidance on the application of brazed joints
Brasage fort - Guide d'application pour les assemblages Hartlöten - Anleitung zur Anwendung hartgelöteter
réalisés par brasage fort Verbindungen
This draft European Standard is submitted to CEN members for enquiry. It has been drawn up by the Technical Committee
CEN/TC 121.
If this draft becomes a European Standard, CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations
which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
This draft European Standard was established by CEN in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other
language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC
Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
Recipients of this draft are invited to submit, with their comments, notification of any relevant patent rights of which they are
aware and to provide supporting documentation.
Warning : This document is not a European Standard. It is distributed for review and comments. It is subject to change without
notice and shall not be referred to as a European Standard.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. prEN 14324:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
Contents Page
European foreword . 4
Introduction . 5
1 Scope . 6
2 Normative references . 6
3 Terms and definitions . 6
4 Joint design . 7
4.1 Principle . 7
4.2 Types of joint . 7
4.3 Assembly gap and brazing gap . 8
4.3.1 General . 8
4.3.2 Influence of brazing filler materials . 11
4.3.3 Influence of parent material . 11
4.3.4 Influence of dissimilar parent materials . 11
4.3.5 Influence of surface finish . 12
4.3.6 Influence of atmospheres or fluxes . 12
4.4 Surface preparation . 12
4.5 Stress distribution in service . 13
4.6 Application of filler material . 13
4.7 Assembly . 13
4.8 Good brazing design . 13
5 Materials . 13
5.1 Parent materials . 13
5.1.1 Basic considerations . 13
5.1.2 Special considerations . 14
5.2 Filler materials . 16
5.2.1 General . 16
5.2.2 Forms available . 17
5.2.3 Applications . 17
5.3 Fluxes . 18
5.3.1 General . 18
5.3.2 Flux removal . 18
5.4 Atmospheres . 19
5.4.1 Protective . 19
5.4.2 Vacuum atmospheres for brazing . 19
5.5 Safety . 19
6 Methods of brazing . 21
7 Heat treatment . 21
8 Inspection . 21
Annex A (informative) Examples of brazed assemblies . 22
Annex B (informative) Typical examples of joint design . 24
Annex C (informative) Filler materials most commonly used for combinations of parent
materials . 29
Annex D (informative) Suitability of brazing filler material classes for the commoner
brazing methods . 30
Annex E (informative) Methods of brazing . 31
E.1 Flame brazing . 31
E.2 Induction brazing . 34
E.3 Resistance brazing . 35
E.4 Furnace brazing. 36
E.5 Immersion brazing . 40
E.6 Special methods . 42
Bibliography . 45
European foreword
This document (prEN 14324:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding
and allied processes”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This document is currently submitted to the CEN Enquiry.
This document will supersede EN 14324:2004.
In comparison to the previous edition, the main changes are:
a) the normative references have been updated;
b) the document has been revised editorially.
Introduction
The purpose of this document is to provide information and guidance to users whose knowledge of
brazing is limited, either regarding the whole process or in some specific areas. It is not intended to
replace textbooks but to make readily available certain important information and to prevent some
common errors.
Brazing techniques offer a wide field for joining, cladding, building up and comparable applications
where brazing filler materials can be used. Structures similar to brazed joints can be achieved by arc
brazing processes (MIG, TIG, plasma), infra-red brazing and electron beam brazing, which are better
described as braze welding.
Where the word 'material' is used for components, they can be metallic or non-metallic, except when
the component can only be metallic, when it is so described. The same usage applies to filler materials,
although the use of non-metallic filler materials is very limited.
1 Scope
This European Standard gives guidance on the application of brazing and the manufacture of brazed
joints. This standard gives an introduction to brazing and a basis for the understanding and use of
brazing in different applications. Because of the wide range of applications of brazing, this standard
does not give detailed guidance that might be product specific. For such information, reference should
be made to the appropriate product standard or, for applications where this does not exist, the relevant
criteria should be clearly established before any brazing is undertaken.
This standard covers joint design and assembly, material aspects for both parent material and filler
materials, brazing process and process variables, pre- and post-braze treatment and inspection.
2 Normative references
The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are
indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated
references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
EN 1045, Brazing - Fluxes for brazing - Classification and technical delivery conditions
EN 12797, Brazing - Destructive tests of brazed joints
EN 12799, Brazing - Non-destructive examination of brazed joints
EN 13134, Brazing - Procedure approval
EN ISO 13585, Brazing - Qualification test of brazers and brazing operators (ISO 13585)
EN ISO 17672:2016, Brazing - Filler metals (ISO 17672:2016)
EN ISO 18279, Brazing - Imperfections in brazed joints (ISO 18279)
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
3.1
brazing
joining process in which a filler material is used which has a liquidus temperature above 450 °C, but
below the
...
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