IEC 60598-2-20:2022

Luminaires - Part 2-20: Particular requirements - Lighting chains

IEC 60598-2-20:2022 specifies requirements for lighting chains fitted with series, parallel or a combination of series/parallel connected light sources for use either indoors or outdoors on supply voltages not exceeding 250 V. This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2014. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
- specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains have been added;
- new terms and definitions have been added.

Luminaires - Partie 2-20: Exigences particulières - Guirlandes lumineuses

L'IEC 60598-2-20:2022 spécifie les exigences applicables aux guirlandes lumineuses équipées de sources lumineuses montées en série, en parallèle ou en combinaison série/parallèle pour utilisation à l'intérieur ou à l'extérieur, pour des tensions d'alimentation qui ne dépassent pas 250 V. Cette cinquième édition annule et remplace la quatrième édition parue en 2014. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
- des dispositions spécifiques aux guirlandes lumineuses protégées installées temporairement (TPL) ont été ajoutées;
- de nouveaux termes et définitions ont été ajoutés.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 30-Jan-2022
• ICS: 29.140.40 - Luminaires
• Technical Committee: SC 34D - Luminaires
• Drafting Committee: WG 1 - TC 34/SC 34D/WG 1
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Start Date: 31-Jan-2022
• Completion Date: 25-Feb-2022

Relations

• Revises: IEC 60598-2-20:2014 - Luminaires - Part 2-20: Particular requirements - Lighting chains
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023
• Revises: IEC 60598-2-20:2014/COR1:2016 - Corrigendum 1 - Luminaires - Part 2-20: Particular requirements - Lighting chains
• Effective Date: 05-Sep-2023

Overview

IEC 60598-2-20:2022 - Luminaires Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains specifies safety and construction requirements for lighting chains fitted with series, parallel or series/parallel light-source arrangements for indoor and outdoor use on supply voltages not exceeding 250 V. This fifth edition is a technical revision of the 2014 edition and is intended to be used together with IEC 60598-1 (general requirements for luminaires).

Significant updates in the 2022 edition include:

• New specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains (rough-service chains for construction sites).
• Additional terms and definitions and expanded graphical depictions to clarify different lighting-chain types and connector types (including connector with breaking capacity).

Key topics and technical requirements

The standard covers practical and test requirements across the full product lifecycle:

• Scope and classification: permanently installed, temporarily installed, and TPL lighting chains.
• Construction and components: lampholders (including push-in types), terminal blocks, gaskets, lamp-bridging devices and connectors.
• Marking and packaging: requirements for product and packing labelling, instructions and safety information specific to lighting chains.
• Electrical safety: protection against electric shock, earthing provisions, creepage distances and clearances, insulation resistance and electric strength testing.
• Wiring and connections: requirements for external/internal wiring, cord anchorage, plugs, cable types and maximum lengths (including extendable class II chains).
• Mechanical and environmental tests: mechanical strength, lamp insertion/withdrawal force, endurance and thermal tests, resistance to dust, moisture, heat, fire and tracking.
• Interconnecting connectors: normative Annex A contains requirements for connectors used in lighting chains (e.g., detachable/interconnecting connectors, CBC considerations).
• Test methods: procedures for short-circuit, lamp-bridging, and other functional safety checks.

Practical applications

IEC 60598-2-20:2022 is applicable to a wide range of lighting-chain products and scenarios:

• Festoon and decorative lighting (indoor/outdoor decorative strings, Christmas lights).
• Temporary site lighting and protected rough-service chains for construction and demolition (TPL).
• Commercial decorative installations, promenades or event lighting where chains of lamps are used.
• Manufacturing, type-approval and product safety testing of lighting chains and interconnectors.

Who should use this standard

• Lighting and luminaire manufacturers and component suppliers
• Product designers and electrical engineers developing lighting chains
• Test laboratories and conformity assessment bodies
• Installers, specifiers and safety officers for temporary and permanent lighting
• Purchasing and regulatory compliance professionals ensuring product safety and market access

Related standards

• IEC 60598-1 (Luminaires - General requirements) - to be used in conjunction with this part.
• IEC 60598-2-21 - referenced for rope/ sealed lighting chains where applicable.

Keywords: IEC 60598-2-20:2022, lighting chains, luminaires, TPL chains, lampholders, electrical safety, marking, connectors, IEC standard.

Standards Content (Sample)

IEC 60598-2-20 ®
Edition 5.0 2022-01
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Luminaires –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

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IEC 60598-2-20 ®
Edition 5.0 2022-01
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Luminaires –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 29.140.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-4239-1

– 2 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 2
20.1 Scope . 7
20.2 Normative references . 7
20.3 Terms and definitions . 8
20.4 General test requirements . 10
20.5 Classification of luminaires . 10
20.5.1 General . 10
20.5.2 Protection against electric shock . 10
20.5.3 Protection against dust, solid objects and moisture . 10
20.6 Marking . 10
20.6.1 General . 10
20.6.2 Lighting chain marking . 11
20.6.3 Lighting chain and packing packaging marking . 11
20.6.4 Packing Packaging or instructions marking . 11
20.7 Construction . 12
20.7.1 General . 12
20.7.2 Lampholders . 12
20.7.3 Terminal blocks . 12
20.7.4 Terminals and supply connections . 13
20.7.5 Gaskets . 13
20.7.6 Mechanical strength . 13
20.7.7 Lamp bridging devices . 13
20.7.8 Control units and controlgear . 13
20.7.9 Lamp rotation . 14
20.7.10 Lamp insertion/ and withdrawal force . 14
20.7.11 Lamp mechanical requirements . 14
20.7.12 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains . 14
20.8 Creepage distances and clearances . 15
20.9 Provisions for earthing . 15
20.10 Terminals . 15
20.11 External and internal wiring . 15
20.11.1 General . 15
20.11.2 Cables for lighting chains . 15
20.11.3 Cord anchorage test . 16
20.11.4 Plugs and cable length . 16
20.11.5 Maximum length of extendable class II lighting chains . 16
20.12 Protection against electric shock . 16
20.12.1 General . 16
20.12.2 Divisible plug . 17
20.12.3 Electrification of decorations . 18
20.12.4 Contacts of push-in lampholders . 18
20.12.5 Blanking plugs . 20
20.13 Endurance tests and thermal tests . 20
20.13.1 General . 20

20.13.2 Test voltage . 20
20.13.3 Lamp bridging devices . 21
20.13.4 Short-circuit test of rectifier . 21
20.14 Resistance to dust, solid objects and moisture . 21
20.15 Insulation resistance and electric strength . 21
20.16 Resistance to heat, fire and tracking . 21
Annex A (normative) Requirements for interconnecting connectors for use in lighting
chains . 23
Bibliography . 25

Figure 1 – Examples of different types of lighting chains . 10
Figure 2 – Example of a connector to a divisible plug for lighting chains . 18
Figure 3 – Example of test device suitable for checking security of lampholder contacts . 20

Table 1 – Cables or cord types for lighting chains . 15
Table 2 – Conductor size for lighting chains . 16

– 4 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
LUMINAIRES –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

FOREWORD
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
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9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
This redline version of the official IEC Standard allows the user to identify the changes made to
the previous edition IEC 60598-2-20:2014. A vertical bar appears in the margin wherever a change
has been made. Additions are in green text, deletions are in strikethrough red text.

IEC 60598-2-20 has been prepared by subcommittee 34D: Luminaires, of IEC technical
committee 34: Lighting. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2014. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains have been
added;
b) new terms and definitions have been added.
The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
34D/1646/FDIS 34D/1651/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
This Part 2-20 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60598-1 and its
amendment(s). It was established on the basis of the ninth edition (2020) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When "Part 1" is mentioned in this document, it refers to IEC 60598-1.
NOTE 2 In this document, the following print types are used:
– compliance statements: in italic type.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60598 series, published under the general title Luminaires can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
IMPORTANT – The 'colour inside' logo on the cover page of this publication indicates that it
contains colours which are considered to be useful for the correct understanding of its
contents. Users should therefore print this document using a colour printer.

– 6 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
This new edition includes the following technical changes:
a) Inclusion of specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains.
This form of lighting chain was not previously addressed with specific provisions in previous
editions of the standard. A temporarily installed protected lighting chain is a physical impact
protected rough service lighting chain intended for temporary installation on building sites
during the construction or demolition phases of a building project.
a) Addition of terms and definitions
New terms and definitions have been added to include the expanded typology for lighting chains
and to include a connector with breaking capacity (CBC).
b) Inclusion of graphical depictions of lighting chains
Graphical depictions have been added to clarify and differentiate the construction and
installation configurations of the various different types of lighting chains. Word descriptions
alone had limitations in clearly and precisely defining the characteristics of the numerous
variants in this luminaire sector.
The illustrations show the three main types of lighting chains: permanently installed lighting
chains, temporarily installed lighting chains and temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL)
chains, as well as further differentiating by installation and/or fixing method where applicable.

LUMINAIRES –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

20.1 Scope
This part of IEC 60598 specifies requirements for lighting chains fitted with series, parallel or a
combination of series/parallel connected light sources for use either indoors or outdoors on
supply voltages not exceeding 250 V.
For combinations where rope lights (also known as sealed lighting chains) are included, see
IEC 60598-2-21.
Lighting chains provided with fixed or detachable attachments for example ornamental or
decorative, are considered to be covered by this document.
For lighting chains fitted with lampholders of the push-in type, the appropriate requirements of
this document applies.
NOTE 1 A Christmas tree lighting chain is an example of a lighting chain fitted with series or series/parallel
connected lamps. A chain for illuminating ski-tracks or promenades is an example of a lighting chain fitted with
parallel connected lamps.
This document covers the following lighting chains:
a) permanently installed lighting chains;
b) temporarily installed lighting chains;
c) temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains.
NOTE 1 Festoon lighting chain – a lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable or fixed at the lampholder
and is permanently connected to the fixed wiring. Festoon lighting chains are primarily suitable for permanent indoor
or outdoor lighting applications.
NOTE 2 Decorative lighting chain – a lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable and is temporarily
connected to the fixed wiring. Decorative lighting chains are primarily suitable for domestic, indoor or indoor/outdoor
temporary lighting applications, see Figure 1 for examples.
NOTE 3 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain – a lighting chain where each lampholder is fixed to
the building or structure and the light source is enclosed by a protective enclosure and is temporarily connected to
the fixed wiring. Temporarily installed protected lighting chains are primarily suitable for use in rough service lighting
applications.
For lighting chains with non-standardized lamps (e.g. lamps of the push-in type) the lamps are
regarded as a part of the lighting chain and consequently included in the testing.
NOTE 4 For products where the lighting chain is permanently fixed to a frame or pre-lit Christmas tree the relevant
clauses of IEC 60598-2-4 and/or IEC 60598-2-7 can also apply.
NOTE 5 In some countries the term "strings" is used instead of "chains".
NOTE 6 Candlestick luminaries are tested according to IEC 60598-2-4.
20.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
– 8 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
IEC 60227-5:2011, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V – Part 5: Flexible cables (cords)
IEC 60238:2016, Edison screw lampholders
IEC 60238:2016/AMD1:2017
IEC 60238:2016/AMD2/2020
IEC 60245-4:2011, Rubber insulated cables – Rated voltages up to and including 450/750 V –
Part 4: Cords and flexible cables
IEC 60309-1, Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60320 (all parts), Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60598-1, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60906 (all parts), IEC system of plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar
purposes
IEC 61184:2017, Bayonet lampholders
IEC 61184:2017/AMD1:2019
IEC 61347-2-11, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-11: Particular requirements for miscellaneous
electronic circuits used with luminaires
IEC 61347-2-13, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-13: Particular requirements for d.c. or a.c. supplied
electronic controlgear for LED modules
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
ISO 4046-4:20022016, Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and
board grades and converted products
20.3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60598-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
20.3.1
lighting chain
luminaire comprising an assembly of series-connected lamps, parallel-connected lamps or
series/parallel-connected lamps and interconnecting insulated conductors
Note 1 to entry: For lighting chains with non-standardized lamps (e.g. lamps of the push-in type) the lamps are
regarded as part of the chain.
Note 2 to entry: For lighting chains with non-removable lamps, the lamps are regarded as part of the chain.

Note 3 to entry: A lighting chain may incorporate control devices (e.g. flasher units, see 20.7.8).
Note 4 to entry: Unless otherwise stated, references to lamps within this document also refer to LEDs.
20.3.2
rope light
sealed lighting chain
lighting chain with non-replaceable light sources enclosed in a rigid or flexible insulating
translucent pipe or tube, sealed at the ends, with or without joints
Note 1 to entry: Rope lights are covered by IEC 60598-2-21.
20.3.3
connector with breaking capacity
CBC
connector specially designed to be engaged or disengaged in normal use when live or under
load
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-581:2008, 581-27-72]
20.3.4
permanently installed lighting chain
lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable or attached at the lampholder and is
permanently connected to the fixed wiring
EXAMPLE Lighting chain for illuminating ski-tracks or promenades.
Note 1 to entry: Permanently installed lighting chains are primarily suitable for permanently installed indoor or
outdoor lighting applications, see Figure 1 a) for examples.
Note 2 to entry: In some countries permanently installed lighting chains are called festoon lighting chains.
20.3.5
temporarily installed lighting chain
lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable and is temporarily connected to the fixed
wiring
EXAMPLE Christmas tree lighting chain.
Note 1 to entry: Temporarily installed lighting chains are suitable for domestic, indoor or indoor/outdoor temporarily
installed lighting applications, see Figure 1 b) for examples.
Note 2 to entry: In some countries temporarily installed lighting chains are called decorative lighting chains.
20.3.6
temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain
lighting chain where each lampholder is attached to the building or structure and the light source
is enclosed by a protective enclosure and is temporarily connected to the fixed wiring
EXAMPLE Construction site lighting chain.
Note 1 to entry: Temporarily installed protected lighting chains are primarily suitable for use in rough service lighting
applications, see Figure 1 c) for example.

– 10 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022

(i) Attached at lampholder (ii) Supported by supply cable
a) Permanently installed lighting chains

(i) Decorative lighting chain (ii) Decorative lighting chain
b) Temporarily installed lighting chains

c) Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain

Figure 1 – Examples of different types of lighting chains
20.4 General test requirements
The provisions of Section 0 of Part 1 apply. The tests described in each appropriate section of
Part 1 shall be carried out in the order listed in this document.
20.5 Classification of luminaires
20.5.1 General
Lighting chains shall be classified in accordance with the provisions of Section 2 of Part 1
together with the requirements of 20.5.2 and 20.5.3.
20.5.2 Protection against electric shock
Lighting chains shall be classified as Class II or Class III.
20.5.3 Protection against dust, solid objects and moisture
Lighting chains for outdoor use shall have a protective index IP 44 or higher.
20.6 Marking
20.6.1 General
The provisions of Section 3 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.6.2 to 20.6.4.

20.6.2 Lighting chain marking
The following information shall be marked on the lighting chain:
– rated voltage of the complete chain;
– rated wattage of the complete chain.
Where the information is on the cable, it shall be marked on a durable non-removable sleeve
or label.
20.6.3 Lighting chain and packing packaging marking
The following marking shall be placed on the lighting chain and on the accompanying packing
packaging of lighting chains for indoor use only.
– "FOR INDOOR USE ONLY".
– As an alternative to the text, the lighting chain can be marked with the symbol
IEC 60417-5957 (2004-12). The symbol shall be explained in the instructions.
NOTE In some countries (UK and Australia) national requirements are such that a plug must be fitted to a portable
appliance. In situations where this plug does not provide the same ingress protection of the lighting chain, information
concerning the location of the plug/transformer may be given e.g. "Plug/transformer for indoor use only".
20.6.4 Packing Packaging or instructions marking
The following or similar marking shall be placed on the accompanying packing packaging or
instructions.
a) For all lighting chains where the packing packaging has not been adapted for display
purposes:
– "Do not connect the chain to the supply while it is in the packing packaging".
b) For lighting chains with replaceable lamps:
– voltage and wattage or manufacturer's article number of replacement lamps;
– "Do not remove or insert lamps while the chain is connected to the supply";
– "Ensure that all lampholders are fitted with a lamp".
c) Lighting chains designed to be used without a lamp in every lampholder:
– adequate information about required blanking plug(s).
d) For chains with replaceable series-connected lamps:
– "Replace failed lamps immediately by lamps of the same type as delivered or of a type
specified by the manufacturer".
e) For lighting chains with 'fuse' lamp(s):
– "Do not replace a 'fuse' lamp with a non-'fuse' lamp"; in order to indicate the difference
from 'ordinary' lamps, 'fuse' lamps shall be partly coloured white;
– information indicating that the chain is provided with 'fuse' lamps and explanation of their
function.
f) For lighting chains with non-replaceable lamps:
– "The lamps are not replaceable".
g) For class II lighting chains with non-replaceable lamps, the substance of the following:
– where breakage or damage to lamps occurs the chain must not be used or energized
but disposed of safely.
h) For lighting chains which rely on gaskets to provide the specified degree of protection
against dust, solid objects and moisture:
– "WARNING – THIS LIGHTING CHAIN MUST NOT BE USED WITHOUT ALL GASKETS
BEING IN PLACE."
– 12 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
i) For lighting chains intended for interconnection:
– "Do not interconnect parts of this lighting chain with parts of another manufacturer's
lighting chain";
– "Interconnection shall be made only by the use of the supplied connectors. Any open
ends must be sealed-off before use";
– maximum system length that may be interconnected;
– maximum number of lamps or maximum system wattage that may be interconnected.
j) For lighting chains incorporating lamp bridging device(s):
– information stating that the chain is fitted with a bridging device(s).
k) For class III lighting chains delivered without a supply source:
– relevant information concerning the required supply source.
l) For mains voltage lighting chains with series connected lamps:
– "WARNING – RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK IF LAMPS ARE BROKEN OR MISSING. DO
NOT USE."
20.7 Construction
20.7.1 General
The provisions of Section 4 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.7.21 to
20.7.1112.
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall comply with the requirements for
rough service luminaires as defined in Part 1.
20.7.2 Lampholders
In lighting chains where non-standardized lampholders (e.g. of the push-in type) are used, the
lampholders are regarded as parts of the lighting chain and tested accordingly.
Edison screw lampholders E5, E10, E14 and E27 shall meet the requirements of IEC 60238.
Bayonet lampholders shall meet the requirements of IEC 61184.
Insulation piercing terminals on lampholders are acceptable only if used in the SELV circuit of
lighting chains or as permanent, non-rewireable connections in class II chains.
E5 and E10 lampholders and similar small lampholders of the push-in type shall be used only
if the rated voltage of each lamp does not exceed:
– for E5 and similar small lampholders 25 V
– for series connected E10 lampholders 60 V
– for parallel connected E10 lampholders 250 V
Compliance is checked by inspection.
Lampholders shall have a body of insulating material.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
20.7.3 Terminal blocks
Clause 4.6 of Part 1 referring to terminal blocks does not apply.

20.7.4 Terminals and supply connections
Clause 4.7 of Part 1 referring to terminals and supply connections applies together with the
following requirement.
Interconnecting connectors for lighting chains shall, in addition, comply with the requirements
and modifications given in Annex A.
Plugs and socket-outlets used with temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall
conform to IEC 60309-1.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by carrying out the tests of this document.
20.7.5 Gaskets
Gaskets used to provide the specified degree of protection against dust, solid objects and
moisture of lighting chains for outdoor use shall be weather resistant. Such gaskets shall remain
in place on the chain when the lamp is removed and shall fit tightly round the inserted lamp.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual test.
NOTE A test to verify the weather resistance of gaskets is under consideration.
20.7.6 Mechanical strength
Compliance with The mechanical strength requirements of Clause 4.13 of Part 1 for Edison
screw lampholders and small lampholders of the push-in type shall be checked by the tests
given in Clause 15 16 of IEC 60238:2016. The free fall test specified for E5 and E10
lampholders shall also apply for push-in lampholders.
For bayonet lampholders, the tests in Clause 15 16 of IEC 61184:2017 apply.
The tests are made on three samples of the lampholder without the lamp inserted. After the
test, the relevant compliance requirements of Clause 4.13 of Part 1 shall be met.
Accessories, for example plugs, interconnecting connectors, etc. incorporated in a lighting
chain, shall comply with the mechanical requirements of 4.13.6 of Part 1.
20.7.7 Lamp bridging devices
Protection against electric shock and fire shall not be impaired when devices for bridging lamp
filaments in series connected chains are functioning.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, where appropriate, by the test of 20.13.3.
20.7.8 Control units and controlgear
Control units and similar devices forming an integral part of the lighting chain shall be enclosed
in non-flammable insulating material. In addition they shall be securely fixed to the cable of the
chain.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, for the non-flammability of the insulating material, by
the tests of Clause 20.16.
Any electronic control device unit (e.g. flasher units) shall, in addition to the requirements of
this document, comply with the requirements of IEC 61347-2-11.
LED-drivers controlgear shall comply with the requirements of IEC 61347-2-13.

– 14 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
Compliance is checked by carrying out the relevant tests.
The enclosure of electronic control units shall meet the mechanical impact requirements of
Part 1 using an impact energy of 0,7 Nm unless marked for indoor use only, where an impact
energy of 0,5 Nm is applied.
20.7.9 Lamp rotation
The lamp (bulb) glass of push-in lamps shall not rotate in relation to the lamp cap, if any, and
the lamp cap, if any, shall not rotate in relation to the lampholder.
Compliance is checked by applying a torque of 0,025 Nm for 1 min between the glass envelope
and the lampholder. No displacement shall occur between the parts during the test.
20.7.10 Lamp insertion/ and withdrawal force
Replaceable push-in type lamps shall remain in the seated position when the lamp is subjected
to a pull force of up to 3 N. Replaceable push-in type lamps shall make electrical contact with
the lampholder contacts by applying a push-in force of up to 3 N. Withdrawal of the lamp from
the holder shall be effected when subjected to a pull force of between 3 N and 10 N.
Non-replaceable lamps shall withstand a pull force of 10 N ± 1 N during which the lamp shall
remain seated and shall not have become unsafe.
During each application of the specified forces no damage shall occur impairing safety and in
particular no breakage or separation of the lamp glass envelope from the lamp cap shall take
place.
Compliance is checked on three new samples, by manual test, by measurement of the forces
and by inspection.
The samples are then placed in an oven at a temperature of 120 °C ± 5 °C K for 2 h, following
which it is allowed to cool down to room temperature. During this test, lampholders for
replaceable lamps are left empty.
The same three samples are then re-submitted to the same tests, requirements and compliance
criteria as those specified for the sample before the heating treatment. For lampholders for
replaceable lamps, the lamps are reintroduced by a push-in force of 5 N ± 1 N.
20.7.11 Lamp mechanical requirements
Other than lamps supplied by SELV, the lamps of Class II lighting chains shall be resistant to
typical handling forces.
The bulb (envelope) of the following lamps shall be tested included in the mechanical test:
– non-removable lamps,
– non-standardized lamps.
Compliance is checked by the test of 4.13.1 of Part 1 using an impact energy of 0,2 Nm and
with the lamp held against a suitable rigid wooden board.
20.7.12 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall comply with constructional
requirements for rough service luminaires given in Part 1.

20.8 Creepage distances and clearances
The provisions of Section 11 of Part 1 apply.
20.9 Provisions for earthing
The provisions of Section 7 of Part 1 do not apply.
20.10 Terminals
The provisions of Sections 14 and 15 of Part 1 apply.
20.11 External and internal wiring
20.11.1 General
The provisions of Section 5 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.11.2 to 20.11.4.
20.11.2 Cables for lighting chains
Subclause 5.2.2 of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
Internal and external cables for lighting chains shall not be lighter than those given in Table 1
and below.
Table 1 – Cables or cord types for lighting chains
Type of lighting chain Required cable or cord type
a
Class II ordinary lighting chains
60227 IEC 52 or 60227 IEC 43
a
Class II lighting chains other than ordinary
60245 IEC 57
b
Class III lighting chains and parts of chains supplied by SELV
Insulation according to 5.3.1 of Part 1
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains Elastomer or thermoplastic sheathed flexible
conductors or flexible cables (or cords)
conforming to IEC 60227-5
a
The cable may consist of a single core cable provided with a two-layer insulation corresponding to the specified
standard sheet.
b
The insulation may consist of rubber or PVC.

Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.
The nominal cross-sectional area of the conductors for lighting chains shall provide adequate
current-carrying capacity and mechanical properties but shall not be less than the following
values in Table 2:
a) 0,5 mm for class II lighting chains;
b) 1,5 mm for class II lighting chains with E14, E27, B15 or B22 lampholders and fitted with
parallel-connected lamps;
c) 0,15 mm for class III lighting chains and parts of chains supplied by SELV;
d) 1 mm for separate supply cables and extension cables for interconnection between
different parts of extendable class II lighting chains.

– 16 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022
Table 2 – Conductor size for lighting chains
Type of lighting chain Nominal cross-sectional area
Class II lighting chains
0,5 mm
Class II lighting chains with E14, E27, B15 or B22 lampholders and
1,5 mm
fitted with parallel-connected lamps
Class III lighting chains and parts of chains supplied by SELV
0,15 mm
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains
2,5 mm
Separate supply cables and extension cables for interconnection
1,0 mm
between different parts of extendable class II lighting chains

Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.
For the mechanical properties the relevant requirements given in 4.14.1 and 4.14.2 of Part 1
apply.
20.11.3 Cord anchorage test
For lighting chains incorporating a single-core cable, the test described in 5.2.10.13 of Part 1
is made in the following way.
The cable is subjected 25 times to a pull of 30 N. The torque test is not made.
For lighting chains fitted with screwless type terminals, the electrical connections are
disconnected without adversely affecting the efficiency of the cord anchorage function.
20.11.4 Plugs and cable length
Lighting chains for outdoor use shall either be provided with a splash-proof plug or be suitable
for permanent connection to fixed wiring by means of a junction box.
The length of the cable between the plug and the first lamp or lampholder shall be not less than
1,5 m.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
NOTE 1 National rules in some countries do not permit plugs in accordance with IEC TR 60083.
NOTE 2 In some countries (UK and Australia) national requirements are such that a plug must be fitted to a portable
appliance. In situations where this plug does not provide the same ingress protection of the lighting chain, information
concerning the location of the plug/transformer may be given e.g. "Plug/transformer for indoor use only".
20.11.5 Maximum length of extendable class II lighting chains
Extendable class II lighting chains shall be limited to a maximum length of:
– 100 m for systems using a 0,5 mm cable;
– 150 m for systems using a 0,75 mm cable.
Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.
20.12 Protection against electric shock
20.12.1 General
The provisions of Section 8 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.12.2 to 20.12.5.

20.12.2 Divisible plug
If the plug of a lighting chain incorporates a means for disconnecting one end of the chain to
facilitate installation, the connector fitted at the end of the cable shall have an entry such that
the diameter of the opening and the distance from the front to live parts are equal to the
corresponding dimensions specified in Figure 2. The two parts of the connector shall not
separate when subjected to a pull force of 10 N.
Dimensions in millimetres
R = 1,5 max.
+0,2
∅ 2,9
IEC
+0,5
5,8 min.
– 18 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022

Figure 2 – Example of a connector to a divisible plug for lighting chains
Compliance is checked by a test with the standard test finger specified in IEC 60529.
20.12.3 Electrification of decorations
Lighting chains shall not electrify tinsel or other metallic decorations with which they are used.
Compliance shall be checked by means of a flat probe, 0,5 mm thick and 8 mm wide, with a
rounded tip having a radius of 4 mm. It shall not be possible to touch live parts with this probe,
when it is applied in any position with a force not exceeding 0,5 N, the chain being fitted with
the lamps with which it is delivered.
20.12.4 Contacts of push-in lampholders
Lampholder contacts in push-in lampholders shall be reliably secured in the lampholder body
by means other than friction to avoid a displacement of the lampholder contacts such that live
parts of the chain become accessible either through the bottom or top of the lampholder.
NOTE An example of an adequate securing method is by the provision of ears on the contacts of the lampholder.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the following test.
Six lampholders are heated for 7 h according to the requirements of Clause 12.3 of Part 1 in an
orientation to reach the highest temperature. After the lampholders have cooled down to room
temperature, the lamps are removed and a force of 15 N is applied for 1 min to each of the
conductors connected. Following this, a force of 30 N is applied for 1 min to the two conductors
together. The forces are applied at a distance of 3 mm ± 0,8 mm from the insertion points in the
lampholder so as to try to move the contacts from the lampholders.

During the test the contacts shall not move more than 0,8 mm. An example of a device suitable
for this test is shown in Figure 3.
Dimensions in millimetres
Movable weight
Lampholder
Hinge pin
Support to raise lampholder so lever arm is

Holdes for leads
Cut in arm to facilitate clamping of lampholder lead
IEC
3 ± 0,8
– 20 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 RLV © IEC 2022

Figure 3 – Example of test device suitable for checking security of lampholder contacts
20.12.5 Blanking plugs
Where a lighting cha
...

IEC 60598-2-20 ®
Edition 5.0 2022-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Luminaires –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

Luminaires –
Partie 2-20: Exigences particulières – Guirlandes lumineuses

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IEC 60598-2-20 ®
Edition 5.0 2022-01
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Luminaires –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

Luminaires –
Partie 2-20: Exigences particulières – Guirlandes lumineuses

INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 29.140.40 ISBN 978-2-8322-1071-3

– 2 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 4
INTRODUCTION . 6
20.1 Scope . 7
20.2 Normative references . 7
20.3 Terms and definitions . 8
20.4 General test requirements . 10
20.5 Classification of luminaires . 10
20.5.1 General . 10
20.5.2 Protection against electric shock . 10
20.5.3 Protection against dust, solid objects and moisture . 10
20.6 Marking . 10
20.6.1 General . 10
20.6.2 Lighting chain marking . 11
20.6.3 Lighting chain and packaging marking . 11
20.6.4 Packaging or instructions marking . 11
20.7 Construction . 12
20.7.1 General . 12
20.7.2 Lampholders . 12
20.7.3 Terminal blocks . 12
20.7.4 Terminals and supply connections . 13
20.7.5 Gaskets . 13
20.7.6 Mechanical strength . 13
20.7.7 Lamp bridging devices . 13
20.7.8 Control units and controlgear . 13
20.7.9 Lamp rotation . 14
20.7.10 Lamp insertion and withdrawal force . 14
20.7.11 Lamp mechanical requirements . 14
20.7.12 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains . 14
20.8 Creepage distances and clearances . 15
20.9 Provisions for earthing . 15
20.10 Terminals . 15
20.11 External and internal wiring . 15
20.11.1 General . 15
20.11.2 Cables for lighting chains . 15
20.11.3 Cord anchorage test . 16
20.11.4 Plugs and cable length . 16
20.11.5 Maximum length of extendable class II lighting chains . 16
20.12 Protection against electric shock . 17
20.12.1 General . 17
20.12.2 Divisible plug . 17
20.12.3 Electrification of decorations . 17
20.12.4 Contacts of push-in lampholders . 18
20.12.5 Blanking plugs . 18
20.13 Endurance tests and thermal tests . 19
20.13.1 General . 19

20.13.2 Test voltage . 19
20.13.3 Lamp bridging devices . 19
20.13.4 Short-circuit test of rectifier . 19
20.14 Resistance to dust, solid objects and moisture . 19
20.15 Insulation resistance and electric strength . 20
20.16 Resistance to heat, fire and tracking . 20
Annex A (normative) Requirements for interconnecting connectors for use in lighting
chains . 21
Bibliography . 23

Figure 1 – Examples of different types of lighting chains . 10
Figure 2 – Example of a connector to a divisible plug for lighting chains . 17
Figure 3 – Example of test device suitable for checking security of lampholder contacts . 18

Table 1 – Cable or cord types for lighting chains . 15
Table 2 – Conductor size for lighting chains . 16

– 4 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION
____________
LUMINAIRES –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

FOREWORD
1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising
all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international
co-operation on all questions concerning standardization in the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and
in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports,
Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as "IEC Publication(s)"). Their
preparation is entrusted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with
may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising
with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the International Organization for
Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations.
2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international
consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since each technical committee has representation from all
interested IEC National Committees.
3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National
Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IEC
Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any
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4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications
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any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter.
5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity
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6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication.
7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employees, servants or agents including individual experts and
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8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is
indispensable for the correct application of this publication.
9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent
rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
IEC 60598-2-20 has been prepared by subcommittee 34D: Luminaires, of IEC technical
committee 34: Lighting. It is an International Standard.
This fifth edition cancels and replaces the fourth edition published in 2014. This edition
constitutes a technical revision.
This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous
edition:
a) specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains have been
added;
b) new terms and definitions have been added.

The text of this International Standard is based on the following documents:
Draft Report on voting
34D/1646/FDIS 34D/1651/RVD
Full information on the voting for its approval can be found in the report on voting indicated in
the above table.
The language used for the development of this International Standard is English.
This document was drafted in accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2, and developed in
accordance with ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1 and ISO/IEC Directives, IEC Supplement, available
at www.iec.ch/members_experts/refdocs. The main document types developed by IEC are
described in greater detail at www.iec.ch/standardsdev/publications.
This Part 2-20 is to be used in conjunction with the latest edition of IEC 60598-1 and its
amendment(s). It was established on the basis of the ninth edition (2020) of that standard.
NOTE 1 When "Part 1" is mentioned in this document, it refers to IEC 60598-1.
NOTE 2 In this document, the following print types are used:
– compliance statements: in italic type.
A list of all the parts in the IEC 60598 series, published under the general title Luminaires can
be found on the IEC website.
The committee has decided that the contents of this document will remain unchanged until the
stability date indicated on the IEC website under webstore.iec.ch in the data related to the
specific document. At this date, the document will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
– 6 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
INTRODUCTION
This new edition includes the following technical changes:
a) Inclusion of specific provisions for temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains.
This form of lighting chain was not previously addressed with specific provisions in previous
editions of the standard. A temporarily installed protected lighting chain is a physical impact
protected rough service lighting chain intended for temporary installation on building sites
during the construction or demolition phases of a building project.
b) Addition of terms and definitions
New terms and definitions have been added to include the expanded typology for lighting chains
and to include a connector with breaking capacity (CBC).
c) Inclusion of graphical depictions of lighting chains
Graphical depictions have been added to clarify and differentiate the construction and
installation configurations of the various different types of lighting chains. Word descriptions
alone had limitations in clearly and precisely defining the characteristics of the numerous
variants in this luminaire sector.
The illustrations show the three main types of lighting chains: permanently installed lighting
chains, temporarily installed lighting chains and temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL)
chains, as well as further differentiating by installation and/or fixing method where applicable.

LUMINAIRES –
Part 2-20: Particular requirements – Lighting chains

20.1 Scope
This part of IEC 60598 specifies requirements for lighting chains fitted with series, parallel or a
combination of series/parallel connected light sources for use either indoors or outdoors on
supply voltages not exceeding 250 V.
For combinations where rope lights (also known as sealed lighting chains) are included, see
IEC 60598-2-21.
Lighting chains provided with fixed or detachable attachments for example ornamental or
decorative, are considered to be covered by this document.
For lighting chains fitted with lampholders of the push-in type, the appropriate requirements of
this document applies.
This document covers the following lighting chains:
a) permanently installed lighting chains;
b) temporarily installed lighting chains;
c) temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains.
NOTE 1 Festoon lighting chain – a lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable or fixed at the lampholder
and is permanently connected to the fixed wiring. Festoon lighting chains are primarily suitable for permanent indoor
or outdoor lighting applications.
NOTE 2 Decorative lighting chain – a lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable and is temporarily
connected to the fixed wiring. Decorative lighting chains are primarily suitable for domestic, indoor or indoor/outdoor
temporary lighting applications, see Figure 1 for examples.
NOTE 3 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain – a lighting chain where each lampholder is fixed to
the building or structure and the light source is enclosed by a protective enclosure and is temporarily connected to
the fixed wiring. Temporarily installed protected lighting chains are primarily suitable for use in rough service lighting
applications.
For lighting chains with non-standardized lamps (e.g. lamps of the push-in type) the lamps are
regarded as a part of the lighting chain and consequently included in the testing.
NOTE 4 For products where the lighting chain is permanently fixed to a frame or pre-lit Christmas tree the relevant
clauses of IEC 60598-2-4 can also apply.
NOTE 5 In some countries the term "strings" is used instead of "chains".
NOTE 6 Candlestick luminaries are tested according to IEC 60598-2-4.
20.2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content
constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies.
For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
amendments) applies.
IEC 60227-5:2011, Polyvinyl chloride insulated cables of rated voltages up to and including
450/750 V – Part 5: Flexible cables (cords)

– 8 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
IEC 60238:2016, Edison screw lampholders
IEC 60238:2016/AMD1:2017
IEC 60238:2016/AMD2/2020
IEC 60309-1, Plugs, socket-outlets and couplers for industrial purposes – Part 1: General
requirements
IEC 60320 (all parts), Appliance couplers for household and similar general purposes
IEC 60529, Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code)
IEC 60598-1, Luminaires – Part 1: General requirements and tests
IEC 60906 (all parts), IEC system of plugs and socket-outlets for household and similar
purposes
IEC 61184:2017, Bayonet lampholders
IEC 61184:2017/AMD1:2019
IEC 61347-2-11, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-11: Particular requirements for miscellaneous
electronic circuits used with luminaires
IEC 61347-2-13, Lamp controlgear – Part 2-13: Particular requirements for d.c. or a.c. supplied
electronic controlgear for LED modules
IEC 61984:2008, Connectors – Safety requirements and tests
ISO 4046-4:2016, Paper, board, pulps and related terms – Vocabulary – Part 4: Paper and
board grades and converted products
20.3 Terms and definitions
For the purpose of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 60598-1 and the
following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following
addresses:
• IEC Electropedia: available at http://www.electropedia.org/
• ISO Online browsing platform: available at http://www.iso.org/obp
20.3.1
lighting chain
luminaire comprising an assembly of series-connected lamps, parallel-connected lamps or
series/parallel-connected lamps and interconnecting insulated conductors
Note 1 to entry: For lighting chains with non-standardized lamps (e.g. lamps of the push-in type) the lamps are
regarded as part of the chain.
Note 2 to entry: For lighting chains with non-removable lamps, the lamps are regarded as part of the chain.
Note 3 to entry: A lighting chain may incorporate control devices (e.g. flasher units, see 20.7.8).
Note 4 to entry: Unless otherwise stated, references to lamps within this document also refer to LEDs.

20.3.2
rope light
sealed lighting chain
lighting chain with non-replaceable light sources enclosed in a rigid or flexible insulating
translucent pipe or tube, sealed at the ends, with or without joints
Note 1 to entry: Rope lights are covered by IEC 60598-2-21.
20.3.3
connector with breaking capacity
CBC
connector specially designed to be engaged or disengaged in normal use when live or under
load
[SOURCE: IEC 60050-581:2008, 581-27-72]
20.3.4
permanently installed lighting chain
lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable or attached at the lampholder and is
permanently connected to the fixed wiring
EXAMPLE Lighting chain for illuminating ski-tracks or promenades.
Note 1 to entry: Permanently installed lighting chains are primarily suitable for permanently installed indoor or
outdoor lighting applications, see Figure 1 a) for examples.
Note 2 to entry: In some countries permanently installed lighting chains are called festoon lighting chains.
20.3.5
temporarily installed lighting chain
lighting chain that is supported by the supply cable and is temporarily connected to the fixed
wiring
EXAMPLE Christmas tree lighting chain.
Note 1 to entry: Temporarily installed lighting chains are suitable for domestic, indoor or indoor/outdoor temporarily
installed lighting applications, see Figure 1 b) for examples.
Note 2 to entry: In some countries temporarily installed lighting chains are called decorative lighting chains.
20.3.6
temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain
lighting chain where each lampholder is attached to the building or structure and the light source
is enclosed by a protective enclosure and is temporarily connected to the fixed wiring
EXAMPLE Construction site lighting chain.
Note 1 to entry: Temporarily installed protected lighting chains are primarily suitable for use in rough service lighting
applications, see Figure 1 c) for example.

– 10 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022

(i) Attached at lampholder (ii) Supported by supply cable
a) Permanently installed lighting chains

(i) Decorative lighting chain (ii) Decorative lighting chain
b) Temporarily installed lighting chains

c) Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chain

Figure 1 – Examples of different types of lighting chains
20.4 General test requirements
The provisions of Section 0 of Part 1 apply. The tests described in each appropriate section of
Part 1 shall be carried out in the order listed in this document.
20.5 Classification of luminaires
20.5.1 General
Lighting chains shall be classified in accordance with the provisions of Section 2 of Part 1
together with the requirements of 20.5.2 and 20.5.3.
20.5.2 Protection against electric shock
Lighting chains shall be classified as Class II or Class III.
20.5.3 Protection against dust, solid objects and moisture
Lighting chains for outdoor use shall have a protective index IP 44 or higher.
20.6 Marking
20.6.1 General
The provisions of Section 3 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.6.2 to 20.6.4.

20.6.2 Lighting chain marking
The following information shall be marked on the lighting chain:
– rated voltage of the complete chain;
– rated wattage of the complete chain.
Where the information is on the cable, it shall be marked on a durable non-removable sleeve
or label.
20.6.3 Lighting chain and packaging marking
The following marking shall be placed on the lighting chain and on the accompanying packaging
of lighting chains for indoor use only.
– "FOR INDOOR USE ONLY".
– As an alternative to the text, the lighting chain can be marked with the symbol
IEC 60417-5957 (2004-12). The symbol shall be explained in the instructions.
NOTE In some countries (UK and Australia) national requirements are such that a plug must be fitted to a portable
appliance. In situations where this plug does not provide the same ingress protection of the lighting chain, information
concerning the location of the plug/transformer may be given e.g. "Plug/transformer for indoor use only".
20.6.4 Packaging or instructions marking
The following or similar marking shall be placed on the accompanying packaging or instructions.
a) For all lighting chains where the packaging has not been adapted for display purposes:
– "Do not connect the chain to the supply while it is in the packaging".
b) For lighting chains with replaceable lamps:
– voltage and wattage or manufacturer's article number of replacement lamps;
– "Do not remove or insert lamps while the chain is connected to the supply";
– "Ensure that all lampholders are fitted with a lamp".
c) Lighting chains designed to be used without a lamp in every lampholder:
– adequate information about required blanking plug(s).
d) For chains with replaceable series-connected lamps:
– "Replace failed lamps immediately by lamps of the same type as delivered or of a type
specified by the manufacturer".
e) For lighting chains with 'fuse' lamp(s):
– "Do not replace a 'fuse' lamp with a non-'fuse' lamp"; in order to indicate the difference
from 'ordinary' lamps, 'fuse' lamps shall be partly coloured white;
– information indicating that the chain is provided with 'fuse' lamps and explanation of their
function.
f) For lighting chains with non-replaceable lamps:
– "The lamps are not replaceable".
g) For class II lighting chains with non-replaceable lamps, the substance of the following:
– where breakage or damage to lamps occurs the chain must not be used or energized
but disposed of safely.
h) For lighting chains which rely on gaskets to provide the specified degree of protection
against dust, solid objects and moisture:
– "WARNING – THIS LIGHTING CHAIN MUST NOT BE USED WITHOUT ALL GASKETS
BEING IN PLACE."
– 12 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
i) For lighting chains intended for interconnection:
– "Do not interconnect parts of this lighting chain with parts of another manufacturer's
lighting chain";
– "Interconnection shall be made only by the use of the supplied connectors. Any open
ends must be sealed-off before use";
– maximum system length that may be interconnected;
– maximum number of lamps or maximum system wattage that may be interconnected.
j) For lighting chains incorporating lamp bridging device(s):
– information stating that the chain is fitted with a bridging device(s).
k) For class III lighting chains delivered without a supply source:
– relevant information concerning the required supply source.
l) For mains voltage lighting chains with series connected lamps:
– "WARNING – RISK OF ELECTRIC SHOCK IF LAMPS ARE BROKEN OR MISSING. DO
NOT USE."
20.7 Construction
20.7.1 General
The provisions of Section 4 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.7.1 to 20.7.12.
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall comply with the requirements for
rough service luminaires as defined in Part 1.
20.7.2 Lampholders
In lighting chains where non-standardized lampholders (e.g. of the push-in type) are used, the
lampholders are regarded as parts of the lighting chain and tested accordingly.
Edison screw lampholders E5, E10, E14 and E27 shall meet the requirements of IEC 60238.
Bayonet lampholders shall meet the requirements of IEC 61184.
Insulation piercing terminals on lampholders are acceptable only if used in the SELV circuit of
lighting chains or as permanent, non-rewireable connections in class II chains.
E5 and E10 lampholders and similar small lampholders of the push-in type shall be used only
if the rated voltage of each lamp does not exceed:
– for E5 and similar small lampholders 25 V
– for series connected E10 lampholders 60 V
– for parallel connected E10 lampholders 250 V

Compliance is checked by inspection.
Lampholders shall have a body of insulating material.
Compliance is checked by inspection.
20.7.3 Terminal blocks
Clause 4.6 of Part 1 referring to terminal blocks does not apply.

20.7.4 Terminals and supply connections
Clause 4.7 of Part 1 referring to terminals and supply connections applies together with the
following requirement.
Interconnecting connectors for lighting chains shall, in addition, comply with the requirements
and modifications given in Annex A.
Plugs and socket-outlets used with temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall
conform to IEC 60309-1.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by carrying out the tests of this document.
20.7.5 Gaskets
Gaskets used to provide the specified degree of protection against dust, solid objects and
moisture of lighting chains for outdoor use shall be weather resistant. Such gaskets shall remain
in place on the chain when the lamp is removed and shall fit tightly round the inserted lamp.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by manual test.
NOTE A test to verify the weather resistance of gaskets is under consideration.
20.7.6 Mechanical strength
The mechanical strength requirements of Clause 4.13 of Part 1 for Edison screw lampholders
and small lampholders of the push-in type shall be checked by the tests given in Clause 16 of
IEC 60238:2016. The free fall test specified for E5 and E10 lampholders shall also apply for
push-in lampholders.
For bayonet lampholders, the tests in Clause 16 of IEC 61184:2017 apply.
The tests are made on three samples of the lampholder without the lamp inserted. After the
test, the relevant compliance requirements of Clause 4.13 of Part 1 shall be met.
Accessories, for example plugs, interconnecting connectors, incorporated in a lighting chain,
shall comply with the mechanical requirements of 4.13.6 of Part 1.
20.7.7 Lamp bridging devices
Protection against electric shock and fire shall not be impaired when devices for bridging lamp
filaments in series connected chains are functioning.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, where appropriate, by the test of 20.13.3.
20.7.8 Control units and controlgear
Control units and similar devices forming an integral part of the lighting chain shall be enclosed
in non-flammable insulating material. In addition they shall be securely fixed to the cable of the
chain.
Compliance is checked by inspection and, for the non-flammability of the insulating material, by
the tests of Clause 20.16.
Any electronic control unit (e.g. flasher units) shall, in addition to the requirements of this
document, comply with the requirements of IEC 61347-2-11.
LED controlgear shall comply with the requirements of IEC 61347-2-13.

– 14 – IEC 60598-2-20:2022 © IEC 2022
Compliance is checked by carrying out the relevant tests.
The enclosure of electronic control units shall meet the mechanical impact requirements of
Part 1 using an impact energy of 0,7 Nm unless marked for indoor use only, where an impact
energy of 0,5 Nm is applied.
20.7.9 Lamp rotation
The lamp (bulb) glass of push-in lamps shall not rotate in relation to the lamp cap, if any, and
the lamp cap, if any, shall not rotate in relation to the lampholder.
Compliance is checked by applying a torque of 0,025 Nm for 1 min between the glass envelope
and the lampholder. No displacement shall occur between the parts during the test.
20.7.10 Lamp insertion and withdrawal force
Replaceable push-in type lamps shall remain in the seated position when the lamp is subjected
to a pull force of up to 3 N. Replaceable push-in type lamps shall make electrical contact with
the lampholder contacts by applying a push-in force of up to 3 N. Withdrawal of the lamp from
the holder shall be effected when subjected to a pull force of between 3 N and 10 N.
Non-replaceable lamps shall withstand a pull force of 10 N ± 1 N during which the lamp shall
remain seated and shall not have become unsafe.
During each application of the specified forces no damage shall occur impairing safety and in
particular no breakage or separation of the lamp glass envelope from the lamp cap shall take
place.
Compliance is checked on three new samples, by manual test, by measurement of the forces
and by inspection.
The samples are then placed in an oven at a temperature of 120 °C ± 5 K for 2 h, following
which it is allowed to cool down to room temperature. During this test, lampholders for
replaceable lamps are left empty.
The same three samples are then re-submitted to the same tests, requirements and compliance
criteria as those specified for the sample before the heating treatment. For lampholders for
replaceable lamps, the lamps are reintroduced by a push-in force of 5 N ± 1 N.
20.7.11 Lamp mechanical requirements
Other than lamps supplied by SELV, the lamps of lighting chains shall be resistant to typical
handling forces.
The bulb (envelope) of the following lamps shall be included in the mechanical test:
– non-removable lamps,
– non-standardized lamps.
Compliance is checked by the test of 4.13.1 of Part 1 using an impact energy of 0,2 Nm and
with the lamp held against a suitable rigid wooden board.
20.7.12 Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains shall comply with constructional
requirements for rough service luminaires given in Part 1.

20.8 Creepage distances and clearances
The provisions of Section 11 of Part 1 apply.
20.9 Provisions for earthing
The provisions of Section 7 of Part 1 do not apply.
20.10 Terminals
The provisions of Sections 14 and 15 of Part 1 apply.
20.11 External and internal wiring
20.11.1 General
The provisions of Section 5 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.11.2 to 20.11.4.
20.11.2 Cables for lighting chains
Subclause 5.2.2 of Part 1 is replaced by the following.
Internal and external cables for lighting chains shall at least be equal in their mechanical and
electrical properties to those given in Table 1 and Table 2:
Table 1 – Cable or cord types for lighting chains
Type of lighting chain Required cable or cord type
a
Class II ordinary lighting chains
60227 IEC 52 or 60227 IEC 43
a
Class II lighting chains other than ordinary
60245 IEC 57
b
Class III lighting chains and parts of chains supplied by SELV
Insulation according to 5.3.1 of Part 1
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains Elastomer or thermoplastic sheathed flexible
conductors or flexible cables (or cords)
conforming to IEC 60227-5
a
The cable may consist of a single core cable provided with a two-layer insulation corresponding to the specified
standard sheet.
b
The insulation may consist of rubber or PVC.

Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.

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The nominal cross-sectional area of the conductors for lighting chains shall provide adequate
current-carrying capacity and mechanical properties but shall not be less than the values in
Table 2:
Table 2 – Conductor size for lighting chains
Type of lighting chain Nominal cross-sectional area
Class II lighting chains
0,5 mm
Class II lighting chains with E14, E27, B15 or B22 lampholders and
1,5 mm
fitted with parallel-connected lamps
Class III lighting chains and parts of chains supplied by SELV
0,15 mm
Temporarily installed protected lighting (TPL) chains
2,5 mm
Separate supply cables and extension cables for interconnection
1,0 mm
between different parts of extendable class II lighting chains

Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.
For the mechanical properties the relevant requirements given in 4.14.1 and 4.14.2 of Part 1
apply.
20.11.3 Cord anchorage test
For lighting chains incorporating a single-core cable, the test described in 5.2.10.3 of Part 1 is
made in the following way.
The cable is subjected 25 times to a pull of 30 N. The torque test is not made.
For lighting chains fitted with screwless type terminals, the electrical connections are
disconnected without adversely affecting the efficiency of the cord anchorage function.
20.11.4 Plugs and cable length
Lighting chains for outdoor use shall either be provided with a splash-proof plug or be suitable
for permanent connection to fixed wiring by means of a junction box.
The length of the cable between the plug and the first lamp or lampholder shall be not less than
1,5 m.
Compliance is checked by measurement.
NOTE 1 National rules in some countries do not permit plugs in accordance with IEC TR 60083.
NOTE 2 In some countries (UK and Australia) national requirements are such that a plug must be fitted to a portable
appliance. In situations where this plug does not provide the same ingress protection of the lighting chain, information
concerning the location of the plug/transformer may be given e.g. "Plug/transformer for indoor use only".
20.11.5 Maximum length of extendable class II lighting chains
Extendable class II lighting chains shall be limited to a maximum length of:
– 100 m for systems using a 0,5 mm cable;
– 150 m for systems using a 0,75 mm cable.
Compliance is checked by inspection and measurement.

20.12 Protection against electric shock
20.12.1 General
The provisions of Section 8 of Part 1 apply together with the requirements of 20.12.2 to 20.12.5.
20.12.2 Divisible plug
If the plug of a lighting chain incorporates a means for disconnecting one end of the chain to
facilitate installation, the connector fitted at the end of the cable shall have an entry such that
the diameter of the opening and the distance from the front to live parts are equal to the
corresponding dimensions specified in Figure 2. The two parts of the connector shall not
separate when subjected to a pull force of 10 N.
Dimensions in millimetres
Figure 2 – Example of a connector to a divisible plug for lighting chains
Compliance is checked by a test with the standard test finger specified in IEC 60529.
20.12.3 Electrification of decorations
Lighting chains shall not electrify tinsel or other metallic decorations with which they are used.
Compliance shall be checked by means of a flat probe, 0,5 mm thick and 8 mm wide, with a
rounded tip having a radius of 4 mm. It shall not be possible to touch live parts with this probe,
when it is applied in any position with a force not exceeding 0,5 N, the chain being fitted with
the lamps with which it is delivered.

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20.12.4 Contacts of push-in lampholders
Lampholder contacts in push-in lampholders shall be reliably secured in the lampholder body
by means other than friction to avoid a displacement of the lampholder contacts such that live
parts of the chain become accessible either through the bottom or top of the lampholder.
NOTE An example of an adequate securing method is by the provision of ears on the contacts of the lampholder.
Compliance is checked by inspection and by the follow
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