ISO TS 80004-3:2020

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 3: Carbon nano-objects

This document defines terms related to carbon nano-objects in the field of nanotechnologies.
It is intended to facilitate communication between organizations' and individuals' research, industry and other interested parties and those who interact with them. Additional terms and definitions for graphene and two-dimensional materials (2D) materials are provided in ISO/TS 80004-13.
Related carbon nanoscale materials are given in Annex A.

Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 3: Nano-objets en carbone

Le présent document définit une liste de termes liés aux nano-objets carbonés dans le domaine des nanotechnologies.
Elle est destinée à faciliter la communication entre différents organismes et membres de la recherche, l'industrie, et d'autres parties intéressées ainsi que leurs interlocuteurs. Des termes et définitions supplémentaires pour le graphène et les matériaux bidimensionnels (2D) sont donnés dans l'ISO/TS 80004-13.
Des matériaux carbonés connexes à l'échelle nanométrique sont donnés à l'Annexe A.

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 18-Nov-2020
• ICS: 01.040.07 - Natural and applied sciences (Vocabularies)
• ICS: 07.030 - Physics. Chemistry
• ICS: 07.120 - Nanotechnologies
• Technical Committee: TC 113 - Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems
• Current Stage: PPUB - Publication issued
• Completion Date: 16-Dec-2020

Standards Content (Sample)

TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 80004-3
Second edition
2020-11
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary —
Part 3:
Carbon nano-objects
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulaire —
Partie 3: Nano-objets carbonés
Reference number
ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
ISO 2020
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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2020

All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may

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Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2020 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
Contents Page

Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................iv

Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v

1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1

2 Normative references ...................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3 Terms and definitions ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1

3.1 Basic terms used in the description of carbon nano-objects .......................................................................... 1

3.2 Terms describing specific types of carbon nanoparticles .................................................................................. 5

3.3 Terms describing specific types of carbon nanofibres and nanoplates ................................................. 5

3.4 Terms describing nanostructured carbon nano-objects ..................................................................................... 7

Annex A (informative) Related carbon nanoscale materials ....................................................................................................... 8

Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 9

Index .................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................10

© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
Foreword

ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards

bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out

through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical

committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International

organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.

ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of

electrotechnical standardization.

The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are

described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the

different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the

editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).

Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of

patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of

any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or

on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).

Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not

constitute an endorsement.

For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and

expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the

World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/

iso/ foreword .html.

This document was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, and

Technical Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology for electrotechnical products and systems, in

collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/

TC 352, Nanotechnologies, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and

CEN (Vienna Agreement). The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC.

This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO/TS 80004-3:2010), which has been

technically revised throughout.
A list of all parts in the ISO/TS 80004 series can be found on the ISO website.

Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A

complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
Introduction

In the last three decades, various new forms of nanoscale carbon materials, including fullerenes,

graphene and carbon nanotubes, have been discovered, synthesized and manufactured. These are

promising materials for many industrial fields associated with nanotechnologies because of their

unique electronic, electromagnetic, thermal, optical and mechanical properties.

In the context of increasing scientific knowledge and a growing number of technical terms in the

field of nanotechnologies (see the Bibliography), the purpose of this document is to define important

terms and concepts for carbon nano-objects in a precise and consistent manner, while clarifying their

interrelationship, as well as their relationship, to existing terms previously used for conventional

carbon materials.

This document belongs to a multi-part vocabulary covering the different aspects of nanotechnologies.

Most of the definitions in this document are deliberately determined so as to be in harmony with a

rational hierarchical system of terminology under development for nanotechnologies, although in some

cases the hierarchical approach needs to be compromised due to the specific usage of individual terms.

ISO/TS 80004-13 further complements this document by providing terms and definitions for graphene

and related two-dimensional (2D) materials. A subset of these terms is only noted herein.

© ISO 2020 – All rights reserved v
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary —
Part 3:
Carbon nano-objects
1 Scope

This document defines terms related to carbon nano-objects in the field of nanotechnologies.

It is intended to facilitate communication between organizations’ and individuals’ research, industry

and other interested parties and those who interact with them. Additional terms and definitions for

graphene and two-dimensional materials (2D) materials are provided in ISO/TS 80004-13.

Related carbon nanoscale materials are given in Annex A.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions

ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:

— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1 Basic terms used in the description of carbon nano-objects
3.1.1
nanoscale
length range approximately from 1 nm to 100 nm

Note 1 to entry: Properties that are not extrapolations from a larger size are predominantly exhibited in this

length range.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.1]
3.1.2
nanomaterial

material with any external dimension in the nanoscale (3.1.1) or having internal structure or surface

structure in the nanoscale

Note 1 to entry: This generic term is inclusive of nano-object (3.1.3) and nanostructured material (3.1.4).

Note 2 to entry: See also “engineered nanomaterial”, “manufactured nanomaterial” and “incidental nanomaterial”.

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.4]
3.1.3
nano-object

discrete piece of material with one, two or three external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1)

Note 1 to entry: The second and third external dimensions are orthogonal to the first dimension and to each other.

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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.5]
3.1.4
nanostructured material
material having internal nanostructure or surface nanostructure

Note 1 to entry: This definition does not exclude the possibility for a nano-object (3.1.3) to have internal structure

or surface structure. If external dimension(s) are in the nanoscale (3.1.1), the term “nano-object” is recommended.

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-1:2015, 2.7]
3.1.5
nanoparticle

nano-object (3.1.3) with all external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1) where the lengths of the longest

and the shortest axes of the nano-object do not differ significantly

Note 1 to entry: If the dimensions differ significantly (typically by more than three times), terms such as nanofibre

(3.1.7) or nanoplate (3.1.6) may be preferred to the term “nanoparticle”.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.4]
3.1.6
nanoplate

nano-object (3.1.3) with one external dimension in the nanoscale (3.1.1) and the other two external

dimensions significantly larger

Note 1 to entry: The larger external dimensions are not necessarily in the nanoscale.

Note 2 to entry: See 3.1.3, Note 1 to entry. The smallest external dimension is the thickness of the nanoplate.

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.6, modified —Note 2 to entry has been replaced.]
3.1.7
nanofibre

nano-object (3.1.3) with two external dimensions in the nanoscale (3.1.1) and the third dimension

significantly larger

Note 1 to entry: The largest external dimension is not necessarily in the nanoscale.

Note 2 to entry: The terms “nanofibril” and “nanofilament” can also be used.

Note 3 to entry: See 3.1.3, Note 1 to entry. Nano-object with two similar external dimensions in the nanoscale

and the third dimension significantly larger.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.5, Note 3 to entry has been replaced.]
3.1.8
nanotube
hollow nanofibre (3.1.7)
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.8]
3.1.9
nanorod
solid nanofibre (3.1.7)
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.7]
3.1.10
nano-onion
spheroidal nanoparticle (3.1.5) with a concentric multiple shell structure
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ISO/TS 80004-3:2020(E)
3.1.11
nanocone
cone-shaped nanofibre (3.1.7) or nanoparticle (3.1.5)
3.1.12
nanoribbon
nanotape

nanoplate (3.1.6) with the two larger dimensions significantly different from each other

Note 1 to entry: See 3.1.3, Note 1 to entry.
[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-2:2015, 4.10]
3.1.13
graphene
monolayer graphene
single-layer graphene

single layer (3.1.15) of carbon atoms with each atom bound to three neighbours in a honeycomb

structure

Note 1 to entry: It is an important building block of many carbon nano-objects (3.1.3).

Note 2 to entry: As graphene is a single layer, it is also sometimes called “monolayer graphene” or “single-layer

graphene” and abbreviated as “1LG” to distinguish it from bilayer graphene (2LG) (3.1.17) and few-layer graphene

(FLG) (3.1.18).

Note 3 to entry: Graphene has edges and can have defects and grain boundaries where the bonding is disrupted.

[SOURCE: ISO/TS 80004-13:2017, 3.1.2.1]
3.1.14
graphite

allotropic form of the element carbon, consisting of graphene (3.1.13) layers stacked parallel to each

other in a three-dimensional, crystalline, long-range order
[6]

Note 1 to entry: Adapted from the definition in the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology .

Note 2 to entry: There are two primary allotropic forms with different stacking arrangements:

...