IEC 60599:2015
(Main)Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service - Guidance on the interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis
Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service - Guidance on the interpretation of dissolved and free gases analysis
IEC 60599:2015 describes how the concentrations of dissolved gases or free gases may be interpreted to diagnose the condition of oil-filled electrical equipment in service and suggest future action. This standard is applicable to electrical equipment filled with mineral insulating oil and insulated with cellulosic paper or pressboard-based solid insulation. Information about specific types of equipment such as transformers (power, instrument, industrial, railways, distribution), reactors, bushings, switchgear and oil-filled cables is given only as an indication in the application notes. This standard may be applied, but only with caution, to other liquid-solid insulating systems. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition published in 1999 and Amendment 1:2007. This edition constitutes a technical revision. This edition includes the following significant technical changes with respect to the previous edition:
a) revision of 5.5, 6.1, 7, 8, 9, 10, A.2.6, A.3, A.7;
b) addition of new sub-clause 4.3;
c) expansion of the Bibliography;
d) revision of Figure 1;
e) addition of Figure B.4.
Matériels électriques remplis d'huile minérale en service - Lignes directrices pour l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres
IEC 60599:2015 décrit comment les concentrations de gaz dissous ou de gaz libres peuvent être interprétées pour diagnostiquer l'état des matériels électriques remplis d'huile en service et pour proposer une intervention ultérieure. La présente norme s'applique aux matériels électriques remplis d'huile minérale isolante et isolés par des isolants solides constitués de papier ou de carton cellulosiques. Des informations relatives aux types spécifiques de matériels tels que les transformateurs (de puissance, de mesure, industriels, ferroviaires, de distribution), les réactances, les traversées, les appareillages de connexion et les câbles à huile sont données, à titre informatif seulement, dans les notes d'application (voir Annexe A). La présente norme peut être appliquée, mais uniquement avec prudence, à d'autres systèmes d'isolation liquide-solide. Cette troisième édition annule et remplace la deuxième édition parue en 1999 et l'Amendement 1:2007. Cette édition constitue une révision technique. Cette édition inclut les modifications techniques majeures suivantes par rapport à l'édition précédente:
a) révision de 5.5, 6.1, 7, 8, 9, 10, A.2.6, A.3, A.7 ;
b) ajout d'un nouveau paragraphe 4.3;
c) enrichissement de la Bibliographie;
d) révision de la Figure 1;
e) ajout de la Figure B.4.
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IEC 60599 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-09
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service – Guidance on the interpretation
of dissolved and free gases analysis
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
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bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and additional languages. Also known as the International
iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.
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The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,
77, 86 and CISPR.
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IEC 60599 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-09
REDLINE VERSION
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
colour
inside
Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service – Guidance on the interpretation
of dissolved and free gases analysis
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
ICS 17.220.99; 29.040.10; 29.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-2907-1
– 2 – IEC 60599:2015 RLV © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 11
3.2.1 Chemical names and symbols formula . 11
3.2.2 General abbreviations . 11
4 Mechanisms of gas formation . 12
4.1 Decomposition of oil . 12
4.2 Decomposition of cellulosic insulation . 12
4.3 Stray gassing of oil . 12
4.4 Other sources of gas . 13
5 Identification of faults . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Dissolved gas compositions . 13
5.3 Types of faults . 14
5.4 Basic gas ratios . 14
5.5 CO /CO ratio . 16
5.6 O /N ratio . 16
2 2
5.7 C H /H ratio . 17
2 2 2
5.8 C hydrocarbons . 17
5.9 Evolution of faults . 17
5.10 Graphical representations . 17
6 Conditions for calculating ratios . 18
6.1 Examination of DGA values . 18
6.2 Uncertainty on gas ratios . 18
7 Application to free gases in gas relays . 19
8 Gas concentration levels in service . 20
8.1 Probability of failure in service . 20
8.1.1 General . 20
8.1.2 Calculation methods . 21
8.2 Typical concentration values . 21
8.2.1 General . 21
8.2.2 Calculation methods . 21
8.2.3 Choice of normality percentages . 22
8.2.4 Alarm concentration values . 22
8.3 Rates of gas increase . 22
9 Recommended method of DGA interpretation (see Figure 1) . 23
10 Report of results . 23
Annex A (informative) Equipment application notes . 25
A.1 General warning . 25
A.2 Power transformers . 25
A.2.1 Specific sub-types . 25
A.2.2 Typical faults . 26
A.2.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 26
A.2.4 Typical concentration values . 27
A.2.5 Typical rates of gas increase . 28
A.2.6 Specific information to be added to the DGA report (see Clause 10) . 29
A.3 Industrial and special transformers . 30
A.3.1 Specific sub-types . 30
A.3.2 Typical faults . 30
A.3.3 Identification of faults by DGA. . 30
A.3.4 Typical concentration values . 30
A.4 Instrument transformers . 31
A.4.1 Specific sub-types . 31
A.4.2 Typical faults . 31
A.4.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 31
A.4.4 Typical concentration values . 32
A.5 Bushings . 32
A.5.1 Specific sub-types . 32
A.5.2 Typical faults . 32
A.5.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 33
A.5.4 Typical concentration values . 33
A.6 Oil-filled cables . 34
A.6.1 Typical faults . 34
A.6.2 Identification of faults by DGA . 34
A.6.3 Typical concentration values . 34
A.7 Switching equipment . 34
A.7.1 Specific sub-types . 34
A.7.2 Normal operation . 34
A.7.3 Typical faults . 35
A.7.4 Identification of faults by DGA . 35
A.8 Equipment filled with non-mineral fluids . 36
Annex B (informative) Graphical representations of gas ratios (see 5.10) . 37
Bibliography . 41
Figure 1 – Flow chart . 24
Figure B.1 – Graphical representation 1 of gas ratios (see [3]) . 37
Figure B.2 – Graphical representation 2 of gas ratios (see [4] of annex C) . 38
Figure B.3 – Graphical representation 3 of gas ratios – Duval's triangle 1 for
transformers, bushings and cables (see [4]) . 39
Figure B.4 – Graphical representation 4 of gas ratios – Duval's triangle 2 for OLTCs
(see A.7.2) . 40
Table 1 – Abbreviations .
Table 1 – DGA interpretation table . 15
Table 2 – Simplified scheme of interpretation . 15
Table 3 – Ostwald solubility coefficients for various gases in mineral insulating oils . 20
Table A.1 – Typical faults in power transformers . 26
Table A.2 – Ranges of 90 % typical gas concentration values observed in power
transformers (all types), in µl/l . 27
----------
...
IEC 60599 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service – Guidance on the interpretation
of dissolved and free gases analysis
Matériels électriques remplis d'huile minérale en service – Lignes directrices
pour l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from
either IEC or IEC's member National Committee in the country of the requester. If you have any questions about IEC
copyright or have an enquiry about obtaining additional rights to this publication, please contact the address below or
your local IEC member National Committee for further information.
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IEC Central Office Tel.: +41 22 919 02 11
3, rue de Varembé Fax: +41 22 919 03 00
CH-1211 Geneva 20 info@iec.ch
Switzerland www.iec.ch
About the IEC
The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is the leading global organization that prepares and publishes
International Standards for all electrical, electronic and related technologies.
About IEC publications
The technical content of IEC publications is kept under constant review by the IEC. Please make sure that you have the
latest edition, a corrigenda or an amendment might have been published.
IEC Catalogue - webstore.iec.ch/catalogue Electropedia - www.electropedia.org
The stand-alone application for consulting the entire The world's leading online dictionary of electronic and
bibliographical information on IEC International Standards, electrical terms containing more than 30 000 terms and
Technical Specifications, Technical Reports and other definitions in English and French, with equivalent terms in 15
documents. Available for PC, Mac OS, Android Tablets and additional languages. Also known as the International
iPad. Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) online.
IEC publications search - www.iec.ch/searchpub IEC Glossary - std.iec.ch/glossary
The advanced search enables to find IEC publications by a More than 60 000 electrotechnical terminology entries in
variety of criteria (reference number, text, technical English and French extracted from the Terms and Definitions
committee,…). It also gives information on projects, replaced clause of IEC publications issued since 2002. Some entries
and withdrawn publications. have been collected from earlier publications of IEC TC 37,
77, 86 and CISPR.
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IEC 60599 ®
Edition 3.0 2015-09
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
Mineral oil-filled electrical equipment in service – Guidance on the interpretation
of dissolved and free gases analysis
Matériels électriques remplis d'huile minérale en service – Lignes directrices
pour l'interprétation de l'analyse des gaz dissous et des gaz libres
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
INTERNATIONALE
ICS 17.220.99; 29.040.10; 29.180 ISBN 978-2-8322-2899-9
– 2 – IEC 60599:2015 © IEC 2015
CONTENTS
FOREWORD . 5
INTRODUCTION . 7
1 Scope . 8
2 Normative references . 8
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 9
3.1 Terms and definitions . 9
3.2 Abbreviations . 11
3.2.1 Chemical names and formulae . 11
3.2.2 General abbreviations . 11
4 Mechanisms of gas formation . 11
4.1 Decomposition of oil . 11
4.2 Decomposition of cellulosic insulation . 12
4.3 Stray gassing of oil . 12
4.4 Other sources of gas . 12
5 Identification of faults . 13
5.1 General . 13
5.2 Dissolved gas compositions . 13
5.3 Types of faults . 13
5.4 Basic gas ratios . 14
5.5 CO /CO ratio . 15
5.6 O /N ratio . 16
2 2
5.7 C H /H ratio . 16
2 2 2
5.8 C hydrocarbons . 16
5.9 Evolution of faults . 16
5.10 Graphical representations . 17
6 Conditions for calculating ratios . 17
6.1 Examination of DGA values . 17
6.2 Uncertainty on gas ratios . 17
7 Application to free gases in gas relays . 18
8 Gas concentration levels in service . 19
8.1 Probability of failure in service . 19
8.1.1 General . 19
8.1.2 Calculation methods . 20
8.2 Typical concentration values . 20
8.2.1 General . 20
8.2.2 Calculation methods . 20
8.2.3 Choice of normality percentages . 20
8.2.4 Alarm concentration values . 21
8.3 Rates of gas increase . 21
9 Recommended method of DGA interpretation (see Figure 1) . 21
10 Report of results . 22
Annex A (informative) Equipment application notes . 24
A.1 General warning . 24
A.2 Power transformers . 24
A.2.1 Specific sub-types . 24
A.2.2 Typical faults . 24
A.2.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 25
A.2.4 Typical concentration values . 25
A.2.5 Typical rates of gas increase . 26
A.2.6 Specific information to be added to the DGA report (see Clause 10) . 27
A.3 Industrial and special transformers . 27
A.3.1 Specific sub-types . 27
A.3.2 Typical faults . 27
A.3.3 Identification of faults by DGA. . 27
A.3.4 Typical concentration values . 27
A.4 Instrument transformers . 28
A.4.1 Specific sub-types . 28
A.4.2 Typical faults . 28
A.4.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 29
A.4.4 Typical concentration values . 29
A.5 Bushings . 30
A.5.1 Specific sub-types . 30
A.5.2 Typical faults . 30
A.5.3 Identification of faults by DGA . 30
A.5.4 Typical concentration values . 31
A.6 Oil-filled cables .
...
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