CISPR 16-2-1:2008/AMD1:2010
(Amendment)Amendment 1 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity - Conducted disturbance measurements
Amendment 1 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods - Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity - Conducted disturbance measurements
Amendement 1 - Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques - Partie 2-1: Méthodes de mesure des pertrubations et de l'immunité - Mesures des perturbations conduites
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CISPR 16-2-1
®
Edition 2.0 2010-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 2-1: Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité – Mesures
des perturbations conduites
CISPR 16-2-1:2008/A1:2010
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
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CISPR 16-2-1
®
Edition 2.0 2010-07
INTERNATIONAL
STANDARD
NORME
INTERNATIONALE
INTERNATIONAL SPECIAL COMMITTEE ON RADIO INTERFERENCE
COMITÉ INTERNATIONAL SPÉCIAL DES PERTURBATIONS RADIOÉLECTRIQUES
AMENDMENT 1
AMENDEMENT 1
Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods –
Part 2-1: Methods of measurement of disturbances and immunity – Conducted
disturbance measurements
Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des perturbations
radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques –
Partie 2-1: Méthodes de mesure des perturbations et de l'immunité – Mesures
des perturbations conduites
INTERNATIONAL
ELECTROTECHNICAL
COMMISSION
COMMISSION
ELECTROTECHNIQUE
PRICE CODE
INTERNATIONALE
M
CODE PRIX
ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 ISBN 978-2-88912-098-7
® Registered trademark of the International Electrotechnical Commission
Marque déposée de la Commission Electrotechnique Internationale
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
– 2 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
FOREWORD
This amendment has been prepared by subcommittee A: Radio-interference measurements
and statistical methods, of IEC technical committee CISPR: International special committee
on radio interference in cooperation with CISPR subcommittee D: Electromagnetic
disturbances related to electric/electronic equipment on vehicles and internal combustion
engine powered devices.
The text of this amendment is based on the following documents:
CDV Report on voting
CISPR/A/874/CDV CISPR/A/897/RVC
Full information on the voting for the approval of this amendment can be found in the report
on voting indicated in the above table.
The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until
the stability date indicated on the IEC web site under "http://webstore.iec.ch" in the data
related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication will be
• reconfirmed,
• withdrawn,
• replaced by a revised edition, or
• amended.
_____________
INTRODUCTION
All stated specifications in CISPR 16-2-1 are met by an instrument independent of the
selected implementation or technology in order to be considered suitable for measurements in
accordance with CISPR standards. The addition of FFT-based measuring instrumentation
requires further specifications as addressed in this amendment. A new Annex F is added as a
result of provisions recently introduced into CISPR 16-1-1 on the use of spectrum analyzers
for compliance measurements.
2 Normative references
Replace the existing reference to CISPR 16-1-1 by the following new reference:
CISPR 16-1-1:2010, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Measuring
apparatus
Remove the existing reference to CISPR/TR 16-3 and its Amendments 1 and 2.
Add to the existing list, the title of the following new standard as follows:
IEC 60050-161:1990, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Chapter 161:
Electromagnetic Compatibility
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010 – 3 –
3 Definitions
Replace the existing term, definition and note 3.7 as follows:
3.7
reference ground plane
RGP
flat conductive surface that constitutes a defined parasitic capacitance to the surrounding of
an EUT and serves as reference potential
NOTE 1 See also IEC 60050-161, 161-04-36.
NOTE 2 A reference ground plane is needed for conducted emission measurements, and serves as reference
ground for unsymmetrical and asymmetrical disturbance voltage measurements.
3.15
measuring receiver
Replace the existing definition and note as follows:
instrument such as a tunable voltmeter, an EMI receiver, a spectrum analyzer or an FFT-
based measuring instrument, with or without preselection, that meets the relevant clauses of
CISPR 16-1-1
NOTE See Annex I of CISPR 16-1-1 for further information.
3.16
test configuration
Delete the existing note in definition 3.16.
Replace the existing term, definition and Notes 1 and 2 in definition 3.19 by the following new
terms, notes and definitions 3.19, 3.19.1, 3.19.2, 3.19.3, 3.19.4 and 3.19.5:
3.19
weighting (of e.g. impulsive disturbance)
pulse-repetition-frequency (PRF) dependent conversion (mostly reduction) of a peak-detected
impulse voltage level to an indication that corresponds to the interference effect on radio
reception
NOTE 1 For the analogue receiver, the psychophysical annoyance of the interference is a subjective quantity
(audible or visual, usually not a certain number of misunderstandings of a spoken text).
NOTE 2 For the digital receiver, the interference effect is an objective quantity that may be defined by the critical
bit error ratio (BER) or bit error probability (BEP) for which perfect error correction can still occur or by another,
objective and reproducible parameter.
3.19.1
weighted disturbance measurement
measurement of disturbance using a weighting detector
3.19.2
weighting characteristic
peak voltage level as a function of PRF for a constant effect on a specific radiocommunication
system, i.e. the disturbance is weighted by the radiocommunication system itself
3.19.3
weighting detector
detector that provides an agreed weighting function
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– 4 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
3.19.4
weighting factor
value of the weighting function relative to a reference PRF or relative to the peak value
NOTE Weighting factor is expressed in dB.
3.19.5
weighting function
weighting curve
relationship between input peak voltage level and PRF for constant level indication of a
measuring receiver with a weighting detector, i.e. the curve of response of a measuring
receiver to repeated pulses
3.20
continuous disturbance
Delete the existing note in definition 3.20.
3.21
discontinuous disturbance
Delete the existing Note 2 in definition 3.21.
Add, after the existing definition 3.30, the following new terms and definitions 3.31, 3.32, 3.33,
and 3.34:
3.31
measurement
process of experimentally obtaining one or more quantity values that can reasonably be
attributed to a quantity
[ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, 2.1]
3.32
test
technical operation that consists of the determination of one or more characteristics of a given
product, process or service according to a specified procedure
NOTE A test is carried out to measure or classify a characteristic or a property of an item by applying to the item
a set of environmental and operating conditions and/or requirements.
[IEC 60050-151:2001, 151-16-13]
3.33
reference ground
reference potential connecting point
NOTE 1 In some subclauses of this standard the term “ground reference” may be used to denote reference
ground.
NOTE 2 There can only be one reference ground in a conducted disturbance measurement system.
3.34
protective earthing
earthing a point or points in a system or in an installation or in equipment, for purposes of
electrical safety
[IEC 60050-195:1998, 195-01-11]
4.3 Detector functions
Replace the existing item c) of the list as follows:
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010 – 5 –
c) an rms-average detector provided for the weighted measurement of broadband
disturbance for the assessment of the effect of impulsive disturbance to digital radio
communication services but also useable for narrowband disturbance;
Add the following new item d) to the existing list:
d) a peak detector which may be used for either broadband or narrowband disturbance
measurement.
5.3 Connections to RF reference ground
In the first sentence of this subclause, delete the existing words “or reference wall.”
6.1 General
Delete the existing item e).
6.2.1 General
Replace the second sentence of this subclause by the following new sentence:
Should the ambient noise level exceed the required level, it shall be recorded in the test
report.
6.5.3 Measurement of the duration of disturbances
Replace the existing text of this subclause by the following new text:
The duration of a disturbance must be known in order to measure it correctly and to determine
if it is discontinuous. The duration of a disturbance may be measured in one of the following
ways:
• through the connection of an oscilloscope to a measuring receiver’s IF output to allow
monitoring of the disturbance in the time-domain;
• through the tuning of either an EMI receiver or a spectrum analyzer to the disturbance
frequency without frequency scanning (i.e. ‘zero-span’ mode) to allow monitoring of the
disturbance in the time-domain; or
• through the use of the time-domain output of an FFT-based measuring receiver.
Guidance for the determination of the appropriate measurement time can be found in 8.3.
6.6.2 Minimum measurement times
Replace the existing first paragraph of this subclause by the following new paragraph:
The minimum measurement (dwell) times are given in Table 2. The minimum measurement
(dwell) times for scanning receivers and FFT-based measuring instruments in Table 2 and the
scan times for spectrum analyzers in Table 1 apply to CW signals. The minimum scan times
of Table 1 were derived to perform measurements in the entire CISPR band.
Add, after the existing Table 1, the following new Table 2:
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
– 6 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
Table 2 – Minimum measurement times for the four CISPR bands
Frequency band Minimum
measurement time T
m
A 9 kHz to 150 kHz 10,00 ms
B 0,15 MHz to 30 MHz 0,50 ms
C and D 30 MHz to 1 000 MHz 0,06 ms
E 1 GHz to 18 GHz 0,01 ms
In the second paragraph of this subclause delete the existing first sentence, “The scan times
in Table 1 apply for CW signals.”
Add, after the existing Subclause 6.6.5, the following new Subclause 6.6.6:
6.6.6 Timing considerations using FFT-based instruments
FFT-based measuring instruments may combine the parallel calculation at N frequencies and
a stepped scan. For this purpose, the frequency range of interest is subdivided into a number
of segments N that are scanned sequentially. The procedure is shown in Figure 19 for
seg
three segments. The total scan time for the frequency range of interest T is calculated as:
scan
T = T N
(4)
scan m seg
where
T is the measurement time for each segment and
m
N is the number of segments.
seg
FFT-based measuring instruments may also provide methods to improve the frequency
resolution across a given frequency range. In general, an FFT-based measuring instrument
will have a fixed frequency step f that is determined by the number of frequencies of
step FFT
the FFT. Increased frequency resolution is achieved by performing repeat calculations over a
given frequency range. For each repeat calculation, the lowest frequency is incremented by a
step ratio, f .
step final
Hence the first calculation over the given frequency range considers the following
frequencies:
f ,
min
f + f ,
min step FFT
f + 2f ,
min step FFT
f + 3f …
min step FFT
The second calculation over the given frequency range considers the following frequencies:
f + f ,
min step final
f + f + f ,
min step final step FFT
f + f + 2f ,
min step final step FFT
f + f + 3f …
min step final step FFT
This procedure, applied for a step ratio of 3, is displayed on Figure 20.
The scan time T is calculated as:
scan
f
step FFT
T = T
(5)
scan m
f
step final
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010 – 7 –
where
T is the measurement time and
m
f
step FFT
is the step ratio.
f
step final
For a system that combines both methods, the scan time T is calculated as:
scan
f
step FFT
T = T N
(6)
scan m seg
f
step final
NOTE 1 FFT-based measuring instruments may combine both methods, the stepped scan as well as a method to
improve the frequency resolution.
1
NOTE 2 Additional background information is currently in preparation for CISPR 16-3.
S(f)
Segment 1
T
m
f
S(f)
Segment 2
2 T
m
S(f) f
Segment 3
3 T
m
f
t
S(f)
Final result
f
IEC 1827/10
Figure 19 – FFT scan in segments
___________
1
A CISPR/TR 16-3 is to be published to replace CISPR 16-3:2003 and its amendments.
S(f)
f
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
– 8 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
S(f)
Calculation 1
T
m
f
S(f)
f
pas,FFT
Calculation 2
2 T
m
S(f) f
Calculation 3
3 T
m
f
t
S(f)
Final result
f
f
pas, final
IEC 1828/10
Figure 20 – Frequency resolution enhanced
by FFT-based measuring instrument
7.3.4 Current probes
Add the following new paragraph, note and Figure 21 between the existing second and third
paragraphs of this subclause:
The current probe cannot be used for the measurement of the converted common mode (CCM)
current between an AAN and the EUT. The CCM shall only be measured by the voltage at the
output of the AAN [see 7.3.2.2 c)].
NOTE The purpose of the AAN is to simulate the disturbance potential of the network cabling that is attached to
the telecommunication port of the EUT. Thus, in response to the differential-mode voltage launched onto the
network at the telecommunication port of the EUT, the AAN generates an internal, common-mode voltage that
represents the converted common-mode (CCM) voltage that would be generated by the attached network cabling.
This internally generated common-mode voltage has an associated common-mode current (I in Figure 21). This
CCM
current undergoes current division within the AAN (into I and I in Figure 21). The current division is
CCM1 CCM2
determined by the common mode impedance of the AAN output (Z on Figure 21) and the common mode
T
impedance presented at the AAN’s EUT terminal (Z in Figure 21). The common-mode impedance of the AAN
E
output is controlled and hence the common-mode voltage at the AAN output (V in Figure 21) should be the
CCM
measure of the disturbance potential of the connected network. The common mode impedance presented at the
AAN’s EUT port is not controlled: rather, it varies with frequency and depends upon the EUT size and the EUT
arrangement. Hence this CCM current (I in Figure 21) cannot be measured with a current probe because, for
CCM2
IT equipment of typical size, the magnitude of Z varies from around 2 kΩ to around 200 Ω, in the frequency range
E
from 150 kHz to 30 MHz.
S(f)
f
---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010 – 9 –
AAN
P, N
I I
CCM2 CCM1
Cable
a, b
I V
CCM
CCM2
Z =
T
V R
CCM unsym
Z
E
25 Ω
I
CCM
IEC 1829/10
Figure 21 – Illustration of current I
CCM
Figure 6 – Test configuration: table-top equipment for conducted disturbance
measurements on power mains
In the existing Note 1, replace the last sentence by the following new sentence:
If the bend radius causes the bundle length to exceed 40 cm, the bend radius shall determine the bundle length.
7.4.1 Arrangement of the EUT and its connection to the AN
Throughout this subclause, replace “groundplane” by “ground plane.”
In the first dashed item of the second paragraph of this subclause, replace the phrase “a
grounded metal plane of” by the new following phrase “a grounded metal sheet with
dimensions of.”
After the last paragraph of this subclause, delete the existing note.
7.5.1 General approach to system measurements
In the fourth paragraph of this subclause, replace the last sentence by the following:
However, in this latter case, test results with an AMN shall be preferred.
7.5.2.2 Interfacing equipments, simulators and cables
In the first paragraph of this subclause, replace the last sentence by the following:
Therefore, measurements with an actual interfacing unit shall be preferred.
7.6.1 General
In the first bulleted item of this subclause, delete the existing phrase “ or the reference mass.”
7.6.2 Reference ground
In the first paragraph of this subclause, replace the existing phrase “earth ground” by the new
term “earth.”
8.5 Emission maximization and final measurement
After the last paragraph of this subclause, add the following new note:
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
– 10 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
NOTE Using an FFT-based measuring instrument, the final measurement may be performed at several
frequencies in parallel.
Add, after the existing Subclause 8.6, the following new Subclause 8.7:
8.7 Emission measurement strategies with FFT-based measuring instruments
Depending on the implementation FFT-based measuring instruments may perform weighted
measurements significantly faster than the tuneable selective voltmeters. A weighted
measurement over the frequency range of interest may then be faster than a measurement
consisting of a prescan and final scan performed with a superheterodyne receiver as
described in 8.2.
A.4.1.2 Direct grounding
In the last sentence of the first paragraph of this subclause replace the existing term
“protective earth ground” by a new term, “protective earth.”
E.2 PE chokes and sheath current absorbers for the suppression of ground loops
Replace the statement in parentheses in the last paragraph of this clause by the following:
(CMAD, see CISPR 16-1-4 and CISPR 16-3).
Add, after the existing Annex E, the following new Annex F:
---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010 – 11 –
Annex F
(normative)
Determination of suitability of spectrum analyzers
for compliance tests
The user of a spectrum analyzer shall be able to demonstrate – either through specifications
from the manufacturer or by measurement - that the analyzer meets the quasi-peak detection
requirements for pulse-repetition frequencies greater than 20 Hz in the frequency range of
use. For the average detector the response to pulses is called out in 6.5 of CISPR 16-1-1.
Since the measurement of the pulse repetition frequency of an emission may not always be
possible, a simple method to verify the validity of the quasi-peak measurement shall be
applied when a spectrum analyzer is used. This method is based on a comparison of
measurement results with the peak and quasi-peak detectors. From the quasi-peak weighting
functions, the amplitude differences shown in Table F.1 are the results of measurements for a
signal with a pulse repetition frequency of 20 Hz.
Table F.1 – Maximum amplitude difference between peak and quasi-peak
detected signals
Band A Band B Band C/D
7 dB 13 dB 21 dB
The comparison measurement is to be made at signal frequencies that show amplitudes close
to the applicable limit in quasi-peak detection. If the difference between the peak and quasi-
peak detected amplitude is smaller than the value in Table F.1 the quasi-peak measurement
is valid and the result obtained with a spectrum analyzer can be used to demonstrate
compliance. If the amplitude difference is larger than the stated values in Table F.1 a
measuring receiver that fully complies with the low-prf requirements of CISPR 16-1-1 Clause
4 shall be used for the quasi-peak measurement instead of a spectrum analyzer. This
comparison measurement requires an adequate signal-to-noise ratio to ensure proper results.
---------------------- Page: 13 ----------------------
– 12 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © IEC:2010
Bibliography
Add the following new references to the existing bibliography:
CISPR 16-1-4:2010, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus
and methods – Part 1-4: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus – Antennas
and test sites for radiated disturbance measurements
CISPR/TR 16-3, Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and
methods – Part 3: CISPR technical reports
IEC 60050-151:2001, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 151: Electrical
and magnetic devices
IEC 60050-195:1998, International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) – Part 195: Earthing and
protection against electric shock
ISO/IEC Guide 99:2007, International vocabulary of metrology – Basic and general concepts
and associated terms (VIM)
___________
---------------------- Page: 14 ----------------------
– 14 – CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © CEI:2010
AVANT-PROPOS
Cet amendement a été préparé par le sous-comité A: Mesures des perturbations
radioélectriques et méthodes statistiques, du comité technique du CISPR de la CEI: Comité
international spécial des perturbations radioélectriques, en coopération avec le sous-comité D
du CISPR: Perturbations électromagnétiques relatives aux appareils électriques ou
électroniques embarqués sur les véhicules et aux moteurs à combustion interne.
Le texte de cet amendement est issu des documents suivants:
FDIS Rapport de vote
CISPR/A/874/CDV CISPR/A/897/RVC
Le rapport de vote indiqué dans le tableau ci-dessus donne toute information sur le vote ayant
abouti à l'approbation de cet amendement.
Le comité a décidé que le contenu de cette publication ne sera pas modifié avant la date de
stabilité indiquée sur le site web de la CEI sous "http://webstore.iec.ch" dans les données
relatives à la publication recherchée. A cette date, la publication sera
• reconduite,
• supprimée,
• remplacée par une édition révisée, ou
• amendée.
_____________
INTRODUCTION
Les spécifications énoncées dans le CISPR 16-2-1 sont satisfaites indépendamment de la
mise en œuvre ou de la technologie spécifiques à l'instrument de mesure, de sorte que les
mesures ainsi obtenues puissent être considérées comme conformes aux normes CISPR.
L'ajout des appareils de mesure à FFT nécessite toutefois des spécifications
complémentaires aux méthodes d'essai associées. Ces nouvelles exigences sont présentées
dans le présent amendement. Une nouvelle Annexe F est également ajoutée en conséquence
des dispositions récemment introduites dans le CISPR 16-1-1, relatives à l'utilisation
d'analyseurs de spectre pour les mesures de conformité.
2 Références normatives
Remplacer la référence existante au CISPR 16-1-1 par la nouvelle référence suivante:
CISPR 16-1-1:2010, Spécifications des méthodes et des appareils de mesure des
perturbations radioélectriques et de l’immunité aux perturbations radioélectriques – Partie 1-1:
Appareils de mesure des perturbations radioélectriques et de l'immunité aux perturbations
radioélectriques – Appareils de mesure
Supprimer la référence existante au CISPR/TR 16-3 et à ses Amendements 1 et 2.
Ajouter à la liste existante le titre de la nouvelle norme suivante:
---------------------- Page: 15 ----------------------
CISPR 16-2-1 Amend. 1 © CEI:2010 – 15 –
CEI 60050-161:1990, Vocabulaire Electrotechnique International (VEI) – Chapitre 161:
Compatibilité électromagnétique
3 Définitions
Remplacer les terme, définition et note 3.7 existants, comme suit:
3.7
masse de référence
surface conductrice plate qui constitue une capacité parasite définie autour d'un EUT et sert
de potentiel de référence
NOTE 1 Voir également la CEI 60050-161, 161-04-36.
NOTE 2 Une surface de référence à la terre est nécessaire pour les mesures d’émission conduites, et sert de
potentiel de référence pour les mesures de tensions perturbatrices non symétriques et asymétriques.
3.15
récepteur de mesure
Remplacer la définition et la note existantes par ce qui suit:
appareil de mesure tel qu'un voltmètre sélectif, un récepteur de perturbations
électromagnétiques, un analyseur de spectre ou un appareil de mesure à FFT, avec ou sans
présélection, satisfaisant les articles appropriés du CISPR 16-1-1
NOTE Voir l'Annexe I du CISPR 16-1-1 pour plus d'information.
3.16
configuration d'essai
Supprimer la note existante de la définition 3.16.
Remplacer les terme, définition et Notes 1 et 2 existants de la définition 3.19 existante par les
nouveaux termes, définitions et notes 3.19, 3.19.1, 3.19.2, 3.19.3, 3.19.4 et 3.19.5 suivants:
3.19
pondération (par exemple, d'une perturbation par impulsion)
conversion (principalement réduction) dépendant de la fréquence de répétition des impulsions
(PRF) d'un niveau de détection d'impulsions crête en une indication correspondant à l'effet de
l'interférence sur la réception radio
NOTE 1 Pour le récepteur analogique, la gêne psychophysique de l'interférence est une quantité subjective
(habituellement acoustique ou visuelle, et non un certain nombre d'incompréhensions d'un texte parlé).
NOTE 2 Pour le récepteur numérique, l'effet de l'interférence est une quantité objective pouvant être
...
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