ISO/TS 18617:2025

Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld packages

This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methods for the hand holes of handheld packages that are handled by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This document is applicable to handheld packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg. This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of packages.

Principes de conception et méthodes d'essai des systèmes de préhension pour emballages portatifs

General Information

• Status: Published
• Publication Date: 10-Sep-2025
• ICS: 55.040 - Packaging materials and accessories
• Technical Committee: ISO/TC 122 - Packaging
• Drafting Committee: ISO/TC 122 - Packaging
• Current Stage: 6060 - International Standard published
• Start Date: 11-Sep-2025
• Due Date: 07-Jun-2025
• Completion Date: 11-Sep-2025

Standards Content (Sample)

Technical
Specification
ISO/TS 18617
First edition
Hand hole design principles and
2025-09
test methods for handheld packages
Principes de conception et méthodes d'essai des systèmes de
préhension pour emballages portatifs
Reference number
© ISO 2025
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design criteria . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Hand hole .2
4.2.1 General .2
4.2.2 Hand hole design .2
4.3 Caution signs .4
4.3.1 General .4
4.3.2 Weight warning label .4
5 Testing methods . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Jerk test .5
5.2.1 Application .5
5.2.2 Use .5
5.2.3 Tools . .5
5.2.4 Test procedure.7
5.3 Tensile test .8
5.3.1 Application target .8
5.3.2 Use .8
5.3.3 Tools . .8
5.3.4 Samples .9
5.3.5 Test procedure.10
6 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Alternative test method for tensile strength of hand holes .12
Bibliography . 14

iii
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
Introduction
The product categories that logistics workers handle manually are diverse, including various electrical and
electronic products, household goods, food and beverage products, etc. One of the major ergonomic safety
issues that arise is musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injuries caused by repetitive vertical movements,
movements, and momentary loads.
According to Reference [11] most market staff are women in their 40’s and 50’s. They pick up and put down
boxes an average of 149 times a day, and 85,3 % of them suffer from musculoskeletal injuries such as pain
in the shoulders, backs, and knees. The study concluded that even just adding hand holes to boxes would
reduce the load by 10 %.
Although hand holes in boxes cannot completely eliminate all risks of accidents, they can enhance safety
and efficiency by making logistics and distribution activities, including loading, unloading, warehousing,
sorting, and transportation, more convenient and less dangerous to handlers, thus helping to prevent
musculoskeletal disorders. Transport packaging designed appropriately for the size and/or weight of the
product, the durability of the package material, etc., reduces the risk of workers using excessive lifting
forces. Poor design can lead to product damage or worker injury.
This document provides hand hole design criteria and test methods for handheld packages to provide a safer
working environment for workers who lift or move boxes. Some criteria and test methods in this document
are based on ASTM D6804, with some modifications to the design requirements and test methods to ensure
the usability of this document.

v
Technical Specification ISO/TS 18617:2025(en)
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld
packages
1 Scope
This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methods for the hand holes of
handheld packages that are handled by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This
document is applicable to handheld packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg.
This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of
packages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
handheld package
distribution package, weighing up to 23 kg, intended to be handled by one adult
Note 1 to entry: The maximum allowed weight that one person can handle at one time can vary depending on individual
strength, box weight, size, operation frequency, moving distance, and country-specific regulations.
3.2
hand hole
pre-cut hole on the package, intended to be used as a handle during logistics and distribution activities

4 Design criteria
4.1 General
When establishing the design criteria for hand holes, manufacturers and sellers of handheld boxes can take
into account various elements including those covered in this document as well as material, structural and
technical feasibility, logistical suitability, application effects, and other safety functions and costs.
4.2 Hand hole
4.2.1 General
An adequate hand hole should be used for packages, allowing one or two people to safely handle the product.
Such hand holes are intended for lifting the package upwards in a vertical direction. It is not designed to be
pulled, pushed, or lifted with one hand. The hand holes described in this document are intended to be used
with two hands in common handling conditions.
Hand holes can be used as handles, but not all hand holes are designed for this function. Some of them can be
designed for other purposes, such
...

FINAL DRAFT
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 18617
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Hand hole design principles and
Secretariat: BSI
test methods for handheld packages
Voting begins on:
2025-01-22
Voting terminates on:
2025-03-19
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
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MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en)
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 18617
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Hand hole design principles and
Secretariat: BSI
test methods for handheld packages
Voting begins on:
Voting terminates on:
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design criteria . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Hand hole .2
4.2.1 General .2
4.2.2 Hand hole design .2
4.3 Caution signs .4
4.3.1 General .4
4.3.2 Weight warning label .4
5 Testing methods . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Jerk test .5
5.2.1 Application .5
5.2.2 Use .5
5.2.3 Tools . .5
5.2.4 Test procedure.7
5.3 Tensile test .8
5.3.1 Application target .8
5.3.2 Use .8
5.3.3 Tools . .8
5.3.4 Samples .9
5.3.5 Test procedure.10
6 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Alternative test method for tensile strength of hand holes .12
Bibliography . 14

iii
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3 Performance
requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by ISO/TC 122).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en)
Introduction
The product categories that logistics workers handle manually are diverse, including various electrical and
electronic products, household goods, food and beverage products, etc. One of the major ergonomic safety
issues that arise is musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injuries caused by repetitive vertical movements,
movements, and momentary loads.
According to Reference [11] most market staff are women in their 40’s and 50’s. They pick up and put down
boxes an average of 149 times a day, and 85,3 % of them suffer from musculoskeletal injuries such as pain
in the shoulders, backs, and knees. The study concluded that even just adding hand holes to boxes would
reduce the load by 10 %.
Although hand holes in boxes cannot completely eliminate all risks of accidents, they can enhance safety
and efficiency by making logistics and distribution activities, including loading, unloading, warehousing,
sorting, and transportation, more convenient and less dangerous to handlers, thus helping to prevent
musculoskeletal disorders. Transport packaging designed appropriately for the size and/or weight of the
product, the durability of the package material, etc., reduces the risk of workers using excessive lifting
forces. Poor design can lead to product damage or worker injury.
This document provides hand hole design criteria and test methods for handheld packages to provide a safer
working environment for workers who lift or move boxes. Some criteria and test methods in this document
are based on ASTM D6804, with some modifications to the design requirements and test methods to ensure
the usability of this document.

v
FINAL DRAFT Technical Specification ISO/DTS 18617:2025(en)
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld
packages
1 Scope
This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methods for the hand holes of
handheld packages that are handled by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This
document is applicable to handheld packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg.
This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of
packages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
handheld package
courier freight and distribution packaging, weighing up to 23 kg, intended to be handled by one adult
Note 1 to entry: The maximum allowed weight that one person can handle at one time can va
...

ISO/DTS 18617:2024(E)
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Secretariat: BSI
Date: 2024-11-112025-01-07
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld packages

DTS stage
A model document of an International Standard (the Model International Standard) is available at:
ISO #####-#:####(X/DTS 18617:(en)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
EmailE-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.orgwww.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
© ISO #### 2025 – All rights reserved
ii
ISO/DTS 18617:2024(E:(en)
Contents
Foreword . iv
Introduction . v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design criteria . 2
4.1 General . 2
4.2 Hand hole . 2
4.3 Caution signs . 6
5 Testing methods . 7
5.1 General . 7
5.2 Jerk test . 8
5.3 Tensile test . 13
6 Test report . 17
Annex A (informative) Alternative test method for tensile strength of hand holes . 19
Bibliography . 22

© ISO/DTS 18617 2025 – All rights reserved
iii
ISO #####-#:####(X/DTS 18617:(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 2 3
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by
ISO/TC 122).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
© ISO #### 2025 – All rights reserved
iv
ISO/DTS 18617:2024(E:(en)
Introduction
The aging of distribution and logistics workers, the increase in female workers, and the rapid growth of e-
commerce have all led to an increase in the frequency of package handling tasks and an increase in the
intensity of workers' work processes. The product categories thatThe product categories that logistics
workers handle manually are diverse, including various electrical and electronic products, household goods,
food and beverage products, etc. One of the major ergonomic safety issues that arise is musculoskeletal
disorders and spinal injuries caused by repetitive vertical movements, movements, and momentary loads.
According to Reference [11the ‘Findings of the survey of musculoskeletal disorders among market workers’
by the Institute for Occupational and Environmental Health in Koreas (2019),] most market staff are women
in their 40s40’s and 50s50’s. They pick up and put down boxes on an average of 149 times a day, and 85.,3 %
of them suffer from musculoskeletal injuries such as pain in the shoulders, backs, and knees. The study
concluded that even just by adding hand holes to boxes would reduce the load by 10 %.
Although hand holes in boxesHand hole is just one element that makes logistics and distribution activities
more convenient and less dangerous to handlers, and cannot completely eliminate all risks of accidents that
may occur during the logistics process. However, hand holes of a box may, they can enhance safety and
efficiency in the entireby making logistics and distribution processactivities, including loading, unloading,
warehousing, sorting, and transportation, and helpsmore convenient and less dangerous to handlers, thus
helping to prevent workers from musculoskeletal disorders. Transport packaging designed appropriately for
the size and/or weight of the product, the durability of the package material, etc., reduces the risk of workers
using excessive lifting forces. Poor design maycan lead to product damage or worker injury.
This document provides hand hole design criteria and test methods for handheld packages to provide a safer
working environment for workers who must lift or move boxes. This Some criteria and test methods in this
document is written with reference to the test and evaluation method ofare based on ASTM D6804, andwith
some modifications to the design requirements and test method are suggested with some modifications
formethods to ensure the usability of this standarddocument.
© ISO/DTS 18617 2025 – All rights reserved
v
ISO/DTS 18617:(en)
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld packages
1 Scope
This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methodmethods for the hand
holeholes of a box for handheld packages with the maximum weight of up to 23 kg; a box that isare handled
by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This document is applicable to handheld
packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg.
This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of
packages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 527-1:2019, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles
ISO 21067-1:2016, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
3.1
handheld package
courier freight and distribution packaging up to 23kg for one adult to handle
Note 1 to entry: The maximum allowed weight that one person can handle at one time may vary depending on individual
strength, box weight, size, operation frequency, moving distance, and country to country.
3.2
hand hole
pre-cut holes on the package for handling convenience during logistics and distribution activities
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
handheld package
courier freight and distribution packaging, weighing up to 23 kg, intended to be handled by one adult
Note 1 to entry: The maximum allowed weight that one person can handle at one time can vary depending on individual
strength, box weight, size, operation frequency, moving distance, and country-specific regulations.
© ISO/DTS 18617 2025 – All rights reserved
ISO/DTS 18617:(en)
3.2
hand hole
pre-cut hole on the package, intended to be used as a handle during logistics and distribution activities
4 Design criteria
4.11.1 General
4.1 General
When establishing the design criteria for hand holes, manufacturers and sellers of handheld boxes can take
into account various elements including the contents ofthose covered in this standard suchdocument as well
as material, structural and technical feasibility, logistical suitability, application effects, and other safety
functions and costs.
4.2 Hand hole
4.2 Handle
4.2.24.2.1 General
An adequate handlehand hole should be used for packages, allowing 1one or 2two people to safely handle the
product. Such a handlehand hole is intended for lifting the package upwards in a vertical direction. It is not
designed to be pulled, pushed, or lifted with one hand. The hand holes described in this document are intended
to be used with two hands in a common handling environment.
Not allHand holes on the package are can be used as handles., but not all hand holes are designed for this
function. Some of them maycan be designed for other purposes, such as ventilation, or inspection and
adjustment of the contents. Some handles mayhand holes can be designed to facilitate moving or rotating
heavy packages rather than lifting them. Even if a hole is made onto the packaging for ventilation or inspection
of contents, if they areit is used for handlehandling of the packaging, it shall meet the design criteria of
4.2.24.3.2.
4.2.34.2.2 Hand hole design
4.2.3.14.2.2.1 Structure and size
A hand hole should allow the box to be gripped by hands. The perforated part should not be sharp so as to
avoid injuries. The hole should have a high shear durability and a streamlined shape for the dispersion of
pressure.
Figure 1Figure 1 shows the structure and size of a standard hand hole suitable for most adults. The shape and
size depend on a number of factors such as the characteristics and the weight of the product and may be
subject to negotiation between the supplier and the user.
© ISO #### 2025 – All rights reserved
ISO/DTS 18617:(en)
Dimensions in millimetres
a)  Ordinary oval handlehand hole    b)  Long oval handlehand hole suitable for gloved hands

c)  Hand hole to insert two fingers into or to use a pulley    d)  Half-folded hand hole, mainly used for heavy objects
with thanks to its foldable top
© ISO/DTS 18617 2025 – All rights reserved
ISO/DTS 18617:(en)
e)  Triangular top-arched hand hole for increased tear    f)  Deformed upper arch hand hole
strength
Key
X1 folding side
Figure 1 — Examples of structure and size of hand holes
4.2.3.24.2.2.2 Reinforcement
If necessary, the arrangement of the product and cushioning material can be changed or reinforced during the
packaging design stage to strengthen the corrugated cardboard at the top of the handlehand hole and to
prevent its damage, thus complementing the perforated hole. Reinforcement can be achieved:
— through a composit
...

FINAL DRAFT
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 18617.2
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Hand hole design principles and
Secretariat: BSI
test methods for handheld packages
Voting begins on:
Principes de conception et méthodes d'essai des systèmes de 2025-06-06
préhension pour emballages portatifs
Voting terminates on:
2025-08-01
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
Reference number
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en) © ISO 2025

FINAL DRAFT
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en)
Technical
Specification
ISO/DTS 18617.2
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Hand hole design principles and
Secretariat: BSI
test methods for handheld packages
Voting begins on:
Principes de conception et méthodes d'essai des systèmes de
préhension pour emballages portatifs
Voting terminates on:
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO SUBMIT,
WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION OF ANY
RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH THEY ARE AWARE
AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING DOCUMENTATION.
© ISO 2025
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO­
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES, DRAFT
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON OCCASION HAVE
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
TO BECOME STAN DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE
MADE IN NATIONAL REGULATIONS.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: [phone]
Email: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland Reference number
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en) © ISO 2025

ii
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Design criteria . 2
4.1 General .2
4.2 Hand hole .2
4.2.1 General .2
4.2.2 Hand hole design .2
4.3 Caution signs .4
4.3.1 General .4
4.3.2 Weight warning label .5
5 Testing methods . 5
5.1 General .5
5.2 Jerk test .5
5.2.1 Application .5
5.2.2 Use .5
5.2.3 Tools . .5
5.2.4 Test procedure.7
5.3 Tensile test .8
5.3.1 Application target .8
5.3.2 Use .8
5.3.3 Tools . .8
5.3.4 Samples .9
5.3.5 Test procedure.10
6 Test report .11
Annex A (informative) Alternative test method for tensile strength of hand holes .12
Bibliography . 14

iii
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee
has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations,
governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely
with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types
of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent
rights in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a)
patent(s) which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that
this may not represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.

iv
ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en)
Introduction
The product categories that logistics workers handle manually are diverse, including various electrical and
electronic products, household goods, food and beverage products, etc. One of the major ergonomic safety
issues that arise is musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injuries caused by repetitive vertical movements,
movements, and momentary loads.
According to Reference [11] most market staff are women in their 40’s and 50’s. They pick up and put down
boxes an average of 149 times a day, and 85,3 % of them suffer from musculoskeletal injuries such as pain
in the shoulders, backs, and knees. The study concluded that even just adding hand holes to boxes would
reduce the load by 10 %.
Although hand holes in boxes cannot completely eliminate all risks of accidents, they can enhance safety
and efficiency by making logistics and distribution activities, including loading, unloading, warehousing,
sorting, and transportation, more convenient and less dangerous to handlers, thus helping to prevent
musculoskeletal disorders. Transport packaging designed appropriately for the size and/or weight of the
product, the durability of the package material, etc., reduces the risk of workers using excessive lifting
forces. Poor design can lead to product damage or worker injury.
This document provides hand hole design criteria and test methods for handheld packages to provide a safer
working environment for workers who lift or move boxes. Some criteria and test methods in this document
are based on ASTM D6804, with some modifications to the design requirements and test methods to ensure
the usability of this document.

v
FINAL DRAFT Technical Specification ISO/DTS 18617.2:2025(en)
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld
packages
1 Scope
This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methods for the hand holes of
handheld packages that are handled by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This
document is applicable to handheld packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg.
This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of
packages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1
handheld package
distri
...

ISO/DTS 18617.2
ISO/TC 122/SC 3
Secretariat: BSI
Date: 2025-05-0706-06
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld packages
Principes de conception et méthodes d'essai des systèmes de préhension pour emballages portatifs

ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication
may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying,
or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO
at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
E-mail: [e-mail]
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
Contents
Foreword . Error! Bookmark not defined.
Introduction . Error! Bookmark not defined.
1 Scope . Error! Bookmark not defined.
2 Normative references . Error! Bookmark not defined.
3 Terms and definitions . Error! Bookmark not defined.
4 Design criteria . Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.1 General . Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.2 Hand hole . Error! Bookmark not defined.
4.3 Caution signs . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5 Testing methods . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.1 General . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.2 Jerk test . Error! Bookmark not defined.
5.3 Tensile test . Error! Bookmark not defined.
6 Test report . Error! Bookmark not defined.
(informative) Alternative test method for tensile strength of hand holes . Error! Bookmark not
defined.
Bibliography . Error! Bookmark not defined.

iii
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through
ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been
established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and
non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the
International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described
in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the different types of
ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the
ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
ISO draws attention to the possibility that the implementation of this document may involve the use of (a)
patent(s). ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity or applicability of any claimed patent rights
in respect thereof. As of the date of publication of this document, ISO had not received notice of (a) patent(s)
which may be required to implement this document. However, implementers are cautioned that this may not
represent the latest information, which may be obtained from the patent database available at
www.iso.org/patents. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions
related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the World Trade
Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 122, Packaging, Subcommittee SC 3
Performance requirements and tests for means of packaging, packages and unit loads (as required by
ISO/TC 122).
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.
iv
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
Introduction
The product categories that logistics workers handle manually are diverse, including various electrical and
electronic products, household goods, food and beverage products, etc. One of the major ergonomic safety
issues that arise is musculoskeletal disorders and spinal injuries caused by repetitive vertical movements,
movements, and momentary loads.
According to Reference [0]] most market staff are women in their 40’s and 50’s. They pick up and put down
boxes an average of 149 times a day, and 85,3 % of them suffer from musculoskeletal injuries such as pain in
the shoulders, backs, and knees. The study concluded that even just adding hand holes to boxes would reduce
the load by 10 %.
Although hand holes in boxes cannot completely eliminate all risks of accidents, they can enhance safety and
efficiency by making logistics and distribution activities, including loading, unloading, warehousing, sorting,
and transportation, more convenient and less dangerous to handlers, thus helping to prevent musculoskeletal
disorders. Transport packaging designed appropriately for the size and/or weight of the product, the
durability of the package material, etc., reduces the risk of workers using excessive lifting forces. Poor design
can lead to product damage or worker injury.
This document provides hand hole design criteria and test methods for handheld packages to provide a safer
working environment for workers who lift or move boxes. Some criteria and test methods in this document
are based on ASTM D6804, with some modifications to the design requirements and test methods to ensure
the usability of this document.
v
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
Hand hole design principles and test methods for handheld packages
1 Scope
This document describes the ergonomic design criteria and test evaluation methods for the hand holes of
handheld packages that are handled by human operators during the distribution and logistics process. This
document is applicable to handheld packages with a maximum weight of up to 23 kg.
This document does not cover all issues of safety, health, and the environment related to the handling of
packages.
2 Normative references
The following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes
requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references,
the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 186, Paper and board — Sampling to determine average quality
ISO 187, Paper, board and pulps — Standard atmosphere for conditioning and testing and procedure for
monitoring the atmosphere and conditioning of samples
ISO 527-1, Plastics — Determination of tensile properties — Part 1: General principles
ISO 21067-1, Packaging — Vocabulary — Part 1: General terms
3 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 21067-1 and the following apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1
handheld package
distribution package, weighing up to 23 kg, intended to be handled by one adult
Note 1 to entry: The maximum allowed weight that one person can handle at one time can vary depending on individual
strength, box weight, size, operation frequency, moving distance, and country-specific regulations.
3.2
hand hole
pre-cut hole on the package, intended to be used as a handle during logistics and distribution activities
4 Design criteria
4.1 General
When establishing the design criteria for hand holes, manufacturers and sellers of handheld boxes can take
into account various elements including those covered in this document as well as material, structural and
technical feasibility, logistical suitability, application effects, and other safety functions and costs.
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
4.2 Hand hole
4.2.1 General
An adequate hand hole should be used for packages, allowing one or two people to safely handle the product.
Such hand holes are intended for lifting the package upwards in a vertical direction. It is not designed to be
pulled, pushed, or lifted with one hand. The hand holes described in this document are intended to be used
with two hands in common handling conditions.
Hand holes can be used as handles, but not all hand holes are designed for this function. Some of them can be
designed for other purposes, such as ventilation, or inspection and adjustment of the contents. Some hand
holes can be designed to facilitate moving or rotating heavy packages rather than lifting them. Even if the
packaging has holes for ventilation or inspection of contents, if it is used for handling purposes, it shall meet
the design criteria in 4.2.2.
4.2.2 Hand hole design
4.2.2.1 Structure and size
A hand hole should allow the box to be gripped by hands. The perforated part should not be sharp so as to
avoid injuries. The hole should have a high shear durability and a streamlined shape for the dispersion of
pressure.
Figure 1 shows the structure and size of a standard hand hole suitable for most adults. The shape and size
depend on a number of factors such as the characteristics and the weight of the product and may be subject
to negotiation between the supplier and the user.
Dimensions in millimetres
a) Ordinary oval hand hole b) Long oval hand hole suitable for gloved hands
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
c) Hand hole to insert two fingers into or to use a pulley with d) Half-folded hand hole, mainly used for heavy objects
thanks to its foldable top
e) Triangular top-arched hand hole for increased tear f) Deformed upper arch hand hole
strength
Key
1 folding side
1 folding side
Figure 1 — Examples of structure and size of hand holes
4.2.2.2 Reinforcement
If necessary, the arrangement of the product and cushioning material can be changed or reinforced during the
packaging design stage to strengthen the corrugated cardboard at the top of the hand hole and to prevent its
damage, thus complementing the perforated hole. Reinforcement can be achieved:
— through a composite mould where a material that reinforces is placed around the hand hole, or;
— by attaching some handle tape.
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
NOTE Composite moulds can have negative effects on recyclability of packaging materials.
Figure 2 shows examples of application of reinforcing material.

Key
1 reinforcing material 2 reinforcing material
(partial part of the product, cushioning material, etc.) (strengthening with corrugated cardboard)
1 reinforcing material
(partial part of the product, cushioning material, etc.)
2 reinforcing material
(strengthening with corrugated cardboard)
Figure 2 — Examples of hand holes with reinforcing material applied
4.2.2.3 Placement of hand holes
Hand hole placement depends on the product’s centre of gravity and the way the box is sealed, including tape
sealing.
For the cardboard which uses a hand hole with a tape seal or if it is necessary to support most of the weight
of the product, to prevent deterioration of the compressive strength of the box, the hand hole can be placed at
least 1/3 of the height of the box from its centre top section [Error! Reference source not found. and Error!
Reference source not found.].].
h ≥ H / 3 (1)
where
h is the height from the top centre of the hand hole to the top of the box;
H is the height of box.
ISO/DTS 18617.2:(en)
h is the height from the top centre of the hand hole to the top of the box;
H is the height of box.
For telescope, rigid or bliss type boxes with an adhesive top, the hand hole can be placed immediately below
the adhesive area.
Key
h height from the top centre of the hand hole to the top of the box
H height of box
h height from the top centre of the hand hole to the top of the box
H height of box
Figure 3 — Example of hand hole placement
4.3 Caution signs
4.3.1 General
Caution signs should be used to provide caution and warnings, and to explain the appropriate use of the hand
holes when handling the product. Caution signs and symbols for handling should follow ISO 780. For atypical
packaging, significantly displaced centre of gravity, or packages with length of at l
...