ISO 37169:2021
(Main)Smart community infrastructures — Smart transportation by run-through train/bus operation in/between cities
Smart community infrastructures — Smart transportation by run-through train/bus operation in/between cities
This document specifies a procedure for run-through train operations, identified as smart transportation. This concept provides direct, one-seat ride services in high quality corridors connecting cities and transportation hubs without forcing transfers. Improved operations planning, greater use of interchange or rental use arrangements are described so that these services can be implemented without constructing major infrastructure improvements in existing transportation corridors and right-of-way. This document also describes the application of run-through operation in bus services that are strictly licensed to bus carriers using public roads, ending the inconvenience of forcing passenger transfers between routes or service territories. NOTE Smart transportation by run-through operation is applicable to other transportation modes besides rail and bus services, if applied in services operated in the same mode. Refer to ISO 37154 for applicable transportation modes.
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INTERNATIONAL ISO
STANDARD 37169
First edition
2021-08
Smart community infrastructures —
Smart transportation by run-through
train/bus operation in/between cities
Reference number
ISO 37169:2021(E)
©
ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Concept of smart transportation by run-through operation . 1
4.1 City development process with transportation organization . 1
4.2 Solutions to transport service termination . 2
4.2.1 Rail services . 2
4.2.2 Bus services . 2
4.3 Applicable city issues and advantage acceptors . 3
4.4 Satisfaction of SDGs by smart transportation . 3
5 Adoption of smart transportation by run-through operation. 3
5.1 Objectives. 3
5.2 Target area . 4
5.3 Requirements for smart transportation. 4
5.3.1 General. 4
5.3.2 Arrangements for run-through operation . 4
5.3.3 Agreements for run-through operation . 5
5.3.4 Technical specification adjustment between different rail/bus carriers . 5
5.3.5 Specific application of run-through train operation . 6
5.4 Installation of smart transportation . 7
6 Maintenance of quality of smart transportation by run-through operation .7
6.1 General . 7
6.2 Parameters to be observed . 8
6.3 Modification of smart transportation. 8
Annex A (informative) A large scale run-through operation enabling a large number of
people to easily travel in a huge area and enjoy the benefit of saving time .9
Bibliography .13
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities,
Subcommittee SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
Introduction
Many cities are improving their transportation systems to provide greater accessibility, mobility and
environmental benefits and to promote sustainable economic growth in their communities. Cities
currently operating older transit systems, which require many transfers in multiple city centres and
transportation hubs, are developing new rail and bus lines that offer more direct, frequent services
with a one-seat ride. These services reduce the number of transfers within a city centre and outlying
metropolitan areas. They offer through train or bus services in high quality transit corridors, defined
as smart transportation.
This document describes how to organize run-through train or bus corridors using smart transportation
in city centres, greater metropolitan areas and regions. This concept includes reprioritizing operations,
management, organizational plans and agreements between multiple carriers so that new transit
services can be provided while still maintaining the current rail and bus infrastructure and existing
transit service within local communities and city centres.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 37169:2021(E)
Smart community infrastructures — Smart transportation
by run-through train/bus operation in/between cities
1 Scope
This document specifies a procedure for run-through train operations, identified as smart
transportation. This concept provides direct, one-seat ride services in high quality corridors connecting
cities and transportation hubs without forcing transfers. Improved operations planning, greater use
of interchange or rental use arrangements are described so that these services can be implemented
without constructing major infrastructure improvements in existing transportation corridors and
right-of-way.
This document also describes the application of run-through operation in bus services that are strictly
licensed to bus carriers using public roads, ending the inconvenience of forcing passenger transfers
between routes or service territories.
NOTE Smart transportation by run-through operation is applicable to other transportation modes besides
rail and bus services, if applied in services operated in the same mode. Refer to ISO 37154 for applicable
transportation modes.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Concept of smart transportation by run-through operation
4.1 City development process with transportation organization
A large city has been developed by extending transportation services from the city centre to the outside
in order to expand city areas for citizens’ lives and work. In old cities, they had gates to inspect visitors
to a city to protect their citizens. The places where the gates were placed have been developed to have
the function of sub-city centres. By following such historical culture, some old cities have rail terminals
in sub-centres where trains are not allowed to directly come into the metropolitan area beyond sub-
centres. This manner avoids traffic congestion caused in the area by trains rushing into one point with
their large number of passengers. Bus and streetcar or tram systems have been organized for the local
transport in the metropolitan area to connect the city centre and sub-city centres. The subway was
then introduced when the ground transportation does not provide sufficient capacity to meet demand.
Thus, transportation services are often terminated in sub-centres where all passengers are forced to
change trains whenever coming to/going out from a metropolitan area.
Even if a city does not have such a historical background, many cities began investing in grade
separated urban rail systems such as subways or “over ground” systems on aerial structures within
crowded metropolitan areas to reduce surface congestion. These systems also grew rapidly, where vast
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
networks were developed, serving more transportation hubs within and outlying city centres while
forcing customers to make multiple and inconvenient transfers between hubs.
Newer rail and bus services such as commuter rail and regional bus were developed to increase access
and mobility in expanding cities and metropolitan areas. Many of these services were still hub and
spoke based, where transfers were necessary to connect customers to their final destinations. These
services were later extended to connect multiple city centres and metropolitan areas to serve larger
regional areas with very long routes. The services were known as interurban lines. They were subject
to crowding at terminals receiving customers arriving from long routes requiring additional transfers
to local transport services.
To alleviate crowding and inconvenient transfers at outlying terminals and city centres, hybrid versions
of commuter and interurban rail are created so that city centres and outlying areas are both served by
one-seat ride, corridor-based rail services. These corridor-based services are known as through rail
services. The concept described in this document is defined as smart transportation. These through
rail services are similar to interurban and regional rail services, operating in high quality corridors.
Through rail services do not terminate in the city centre. They operate from one outlying metropolitan
area through a city centre or multiple city centres to another outlying metropolitan area.
Greater access and mobility are achieved through rail services because of direct, frequent, one-seat
ride operations that minimize or eliminate forced transfers in outlying metropolitan areas and city
centres. They offer greater transit coverage with faster, more convenient service in addition to existing
rail services in corridor. The combination of through rail services with current urban rail services is
expected to stimulate economic development within city centres and outlying metropolitan areas. A
typical case successfully organized is shown in Annex A, which created dynamic passenger flows on the
largest scale in the world.
Run through bus operations can also be applied to bus services using the smart transportation concept,
where a one-seat ride using the same bus can be developed. In this concept, a bus route or service
territory is licensed to two or more different bus carriers connecting to transportation hubs. The use of
interchange or rental use agreements would allow a bus driver from one carrier to drive a bus owned
by a different carrier for use in licensed routes or service territories while passengers remain on-board
the same bus.
4.2 Solutions to transport service termination
4.2.1 Rail services
To overcome the rail service termination forced transfers, new corridor-based rail services can be
created. The concept of smart transportation utilizes improved operations planning to implement
through rail services without constructing expensive major infrastructure improvements such as
new trackwork, tunnels, aerial trains on railroad tracks inside and outside a metropolitan area and
extending beyond into a greater metropolitan area with one or more different rail carriers that own
their rolling stock and tracks. This concept can be used in conjunction with maintaining existing transit
services in the same corridors or within hub and spoke networks. Implementation of these services
involves greater use of interchange or rental use agreements for different carriers operating in a target
rail corridor.
Run-through services are expected to provide increased fare revenue by dispatching more trains in
smart transportation corridors. The expected revenues will provide financial support for the operations
and maintenance costs of these services in the rail corridor.
4.2.2 Bus services
In this transportation mode, all bus carriers are licensed to operate their routes on public roads and
streets within their service territories. When a bus carrier develops new routes and extensions beyond
their service territories, they apply for licenses in a very competitive market along with many other bus
carriers. The application process includes a reallocation of current carrier licenses to other carriers,
causing a reorganization within their companies, which makes the process almost impossible to
2 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO 37169:2021(E)
coordinate. Thus, most bus carriers prefer not to develop new routes extending outside of their current
service territories. This type of service forces customers to make many inconvenient transfers from
one bus carrier to another between service territories.
Through bus services eliminate inconvenient forced transfers between service territories through
the use of interchange or rental use agreements. These agreements would allow a bus driver from one
carrier to drive a bus owned by a different carrier for use in licensed routes or service territories while
passengers remain on-board the same bus. What bus routes or service territories licensed to different
carriers are to run-through bus operation, railroad tracks owned by different rail carriers are to run-
through train operation.
Through bus services also streamline a carrier’s bus operations by reducing the number of dispatch
offices in different service territories, thus lowering a carrier’s bus operations and maintenance costs.
This operation also works when extending bus services for a long distance on licensed routes or
territories. Normally, a bus driver should change to another whenever driving for 200 to 300 km. By
applying run-through operation, a bus carrier can dispatch a vehicle serviced to a distant destination
by changing its own driver to those attached to other local carriers, even when the entire operation
routes or territories are licensed to the vehicle-owner carrier.
4.3 Applicable city issues and advantage acceptors
When the issue is a difficulty for citizens and city visitors in commuting between a metropolitan area of
a city and
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 37169
ISO/TC 268/SC 1
Smart community infrastructures —
Secretariat: JISC
Smart transportation by run-through
Voting begins on:
20210519 train/bus operation in/between cities
Voting terminates on:
20210714
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
©
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. ISO 2021
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2021
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting
on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address
below or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.
ISO copyright office
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
CH1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland
ii © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Normative references . 1
3 Terms and definitions . 1
4 Concept of smart transportation by run-through operation . 1
4.1 City development process with transportation organization . 1
4.2 Solutions to transport service termination . 2
4.2.1 Rail services . 2
4.2.2 Bus services . 2
4.3 Applicable city issues and advantage acceptors . 3
4.4 Satisfaction of SDGs by smart transportation . 3
5 Adoption of smart transportation by run-through operation. 3
5.1 Objectives. 3
5.2 Target area . 4
5.3 Requirements for smart transportation. 4
5.3.1 General. 4
5.3.2 Arrangements for runthrough operation . 4
5.3.3 Agreements for runthrough operation . 5
5.3.4 Technical specification adjustment between different rail/bus carriers . 5
5.3.5 Specific application of run-through train operation . 6
5.4 Installation of smart transportation . 7
6 Maintenance of quality of smart transportation by run-through operation .7
6.1 General . 7
6.2 Parameters to be observed . 8
6.3 Modification of smart transportation. 8
Annex A (informative) A large scale run-through operation enabling a large number of
people to easily travel in a huge area and enjoy the benefit of saving time .9
Bibliography .13
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved iii
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO's adherence to the
World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see www .iso .org/
iso/ foreword .html.
This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 268, Sustainable cities and communities,
Subcommittee, SC 1, Smart community infrastructures.
Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www .iso .org/ members .html.
iv © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
Introduction
Many cities are improving their transportation systems to provide greater accessibility, mobility and
environmental benefits and to promote sustainable economic growth in their communities. Cities
currently operating older transit systems, which require many transfers in multiple city centres and
transportation hubs, are developing new rail and bus lines that offer more direct, frequent services
with a one-seat ride. These services reduce the number of transfers within a city centre and outlying
metropolitan areas. They offer through train or bus services in high quality transit corridors, defined
as smart transportation.
This document describes how to organize runthrough train or bus corridors using smart transportation
in city centres, greater metropolitan areas and regions. This concept includes reprioritizing operations,
management, organizational plans and agreements between multiple carriers so that new transit
services can be provided while still maintaining the current rail and bus infrastructure and existing
transit service within local communities and city centres.
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
Smart community infrastructures — Smart transportation
by run-through train/bus operation in/between cities
1 Scope
This document specifies a procedure for run-through train operations, identified as smart
transportation. This concept provides direct, one-seat ride services in high quality corridors connecting
cities and transportation hubs without forcing transfers. Improved operations planning, greater use
of interchange or rental use arrangements are described so that these services can be implemented
without constructing major infrastructure improvements in existing transportation corridors and
right-of-way.
This document also describes the application of run-through operation in bus services that are strictly
licensed to bus carriers using public roads, ending the inconvenience of forcing passenger transfers
between routes or service territories.
NOTE Smart transportation by run-through operation is applicable to other transportation modes besides
rail and bus services, if applied in services operated in the same mode. Refer to ISO 37154 for applicable
transportation modes.
2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms and definitions
No terms and definitions are listed in this document.
ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp
— IEC Electropedia: available at http:// www .electropedia .org/
4 Concept of smart transportation by run-through operation
4.1 City development process with transportation organization
A large city has been developed by extending transportation services from the city centre to the outside
in order to expand city areas for citizens’ lives and work. In old cities, they had gates to inspect visitors
to a city to protect their citizens. The places where the gates were placed have been developed to have
the function of sub-city centres. By following such historical culture, some old cities have rail terminals
in sub-centres where trains are not allowed to directly come into the metropolitan area beyond sub-
centres. This manner avoids traffic congestion caused in the area by trains rushing into one point with
their large number of passengers. Bus and streetcar or tram systems have been organized for the local
transport in the metropolitan area to connect the city centre and sub-city centres. The subway was
then introduced when the ground transportation does not provide sufficient capacity to meet demand.
Thus, transportation services are often terminated in subcentres where all passengers are forced to
change trains whenever coming to/going out from a metropolitan area.
Even if a city does not have such a historical background, many cities began investing in grade
separated urban rail systems such as subways or “over ground” systems on aerial structures within
crowded metropolitan areas to reduce surface congestion. These systems also grew rapidly, where vast
© ISO 2021 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
networks were developed, serving more transportation hubs within and outlying city centres while
forcing customers to make multiple and inconvenient transfers between hubs.
Newer rail and bus services such as commuter rail and regional bus were developed to increase access
and mobility in expanding cities and metropolitan areas. Many of these services were still hub and
spoke based, where transfers were necessary to connect customers to their final destinations. These
services were later extended to connect multiple city centres and metropolitan areas to serve larger
regional areas with very long routes. The services were known as interurban lines. They were subject
to crowding at terminals receiving customers arriving from long routes requiring additional transfers
to local transport services.
To alleviate crowding and inconvenient transfers at outlying terminals and city centres, hybrid versions
of commuter and interurban rail are created so that city centres and outlying areas are both served by
oneseat ride, corridorbased rail services. These corridorbased services are known as through rail
services. The concept described in this document is defined as smart transportation. These through
rail services are similar to interurban and regional rail services, operating in high quality corridors.
Through rail services do not terminate in the city centre. They operate from one outlying metropolitan
area through a city centre or multiple city centres to another outlying metropolitan area.
Greater access and mobility are achieved through rail services because of direct, frequent, one-seat
ride operations that minimize or eliminate forced transfers in outlying metropolitan areas and city
centres. They offer greater transit coverage with faster, more convenient service in addition to existing
rail services in corridor. The combination of through rail services with current urban rail services is
expected to stimulate economic development within city centres and outlying metropolitan areas. A
typical case successfully organized is shown in Annex A, which created dynamic passenger flows on the
largest scale in the world.
Run through bus operations can also be applied to bus services using the smart transportation concept,
where a oneseat ride using the same bus can be developed. In this concept, a bus route or service
territory is licensed to two or more different bus carriers connecting to transportation hubs. The use of
interchange or rental use agreements would allow a bus driver from one carrier to drive a bus owned
by a different carrier for use in licensed routes or service territories while passengers remain on-board
the same bus.
4.2 Solutions to transport service termination
4.2.1 Rail services
To overcome the rail service termination forced transfers, new corridor based rail services can be
created. The concept of smart transportation utilizes improved operations planning to implement
through rail services without constructing expensive major infrastructure improvements such as
new trackwork, tunnels, aerial trains on railroad tracks inside and outside a metropolitan area and
extending beyond into a greater metropolitan area with one or more different rail carriers that own
their rolling stock and tracks. This concept can be used in conjunction with maintaining existing transit
services in the same corridors or within hub and spoke networks. Implementation of these services
involves greater use of interchange or rental use agreements for different carriers operating in a target
rail corridor.
Run-through services are expected to provide increased fare revenue by dispatching more trains in
smart transportation corridors. The expected revenues will provide financial support for the operations
and maintenance costs of these services in the rail corridor.
4.2.2 Bus services
In this transportation mode, all bus carriers are licensed to operate their routes on public roads and
streets within their service territories. When a bus carrier develops new routes and extensions beyond
their service territories, they apply for licenses in a very competitive market along with many other bus
carriers. The application process includes a reallocation of current carrier licenses to other carriers,
causing a reorganization within their companies, which makes the process almost impossible to
2 © ISO 2021 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 37169:2021(E)
coordinate. Thus, most bus carriers prefer not to develop new routes extending outside of their current
service territories. This type of service forces customers to make many inconvenient transfers from
one bus carrier to another between service territories.
Through bus services eliminate inconvenient forced transfers between service territories through
the use of interchange or rental use agreements. These agreements would allow a bus driver from one
carrier to drive a bus owned by a different carrier for use in licensed routes or service territories while
passengers remain onboard the same bus. What bus routes or service territories licensed to different
carriers are to run-through bus operation, railroad tracks owned by different rail carriers are to run-
through train operation.
Through bus services also streamline a carrier’s bus operations by reducing the number of dispatch
offices in different service territories, thus lowering a carrier’s bus operations and maintenance costs.
This operation also works when extending bus services for a long distance on licensed routes or
territories. Normally, a bus driver should change to another whenever driving for 200 to 300 km. By
applying run-through operation, a bus carrier can dispatch a vehicle serviced to a distant destination
by changing its own driver to those attached to other
...
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