ISO/FDIS 50006
(Main)Energy management systems — Evaluating energy performance using energy performance indicators and energy baselines
Energy management systems — Evaluating energy performance using energy performance indicators and energy baselines
Systèmes de management de l’énergie — Évaluation de la performance énergétique à l’aide d’indicateurs de performance énergétique et de situations énergétiques de référence
General Information
Relations
Buy Standard
Standards Content (Sample)
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
ISO/FDIS 50006:20222023(E)
Date: 2022-11-162023-01-24
ISO/TC 301/WG 2
Secretariat: ANSI
Energy management systems — Evaluating energy performance
using energy performance indicators and energy baselines
Systèmes de management de l’énergie — Évaluation de la performance énergétique et de
l’amélioration de la performance énergétique à l’aide de référence énergétiques et d’indicateurs
de performance énergétique---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of
this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written
permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the
country of the requester.ISO Copyright Office
CP 401 • CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
Phone: + 41 22 749 01 11
Email: copyright@iso.org
Website: www.iso.org
Published in Switzerland.
ii © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Contents
Foreword ........................................................................................................................................................................... v
Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................... vi
1 Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... 1
2 Normative references .................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms ............................................................................................. 1
3.1 Terms and definitions .................................................................................................................................... 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .......................................................................................................................................... 4
4 Overview of EnPIs, EnBs and energy performance ............................................................................. 4
5 Obtaining relevant energy performance information ....................................................................... 6
5.1 Initial-energy-performance-related information ................................................................................ 6
5.2 Determining users of energy performance indicators ....................................................................... 6
5.3 Defining the energy performance indicator boundaries .................................................................. 7
5.4 Defining and quantifying energy flows .................................................................................................... 8
5.5 Defining and quantifying variables related to energy performance ............................................ 9
5.6 Collecting data ............................................................................................................................................... 10
5.6.1 Data collection ............................................................................................................................................... 10
5.6.2 Data quality ..................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.6.3 Measurement ................................................................................................................................................. 11
5.6.4 Data collection frequency .......................................................................................................................... 11
5.6.5 Identifying and analysing outliers .......................................................................................................... 11
6 Determining energy performance indicators .................................................................................... 12
6.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 12
6.2 Expressing energy performance indicators ........................................................................................ 12
6.2.1 Statistical model ............................................................................................................................................ 12
6.2.2 Aggregated models ....................................................................................................................................... 14
6.2.3 Engineering model ....................................................................................................................................... 14
7 Establishing energy baselines .................................................................................................................. 15
7.1 Concept of EnB ............................................................................................................................................... 15
7.2 Determining baseline period ................................................................................................................... 15
8 Normalization ................................................................................................................................................ 16
8.1 Concept of normalization .......................................................................................................................... 16
8.2 Uncertainty of model ................................................................................................................................... 16
9 Maintaining energy performance indicators and energy baselines .......................................... 16
9.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 16
9.2 Static factor changes .................................................................................................................................... 17
10 Monitoring and reporting of energy performance and demonstrating energyperformance improvement ....................................................................................................................... 18
10.1 General ............................................................................................................................................................. 18
10.2 Monitoring and reporting .......................................................................................................................... 18
10.3 Demonstrating energy performance improvement ......................................................................... 19
Annex A (informative) EnPI and EnB planning process ............................................................................... 20
Annex B (informative) Examples of EnPI boundaries .................................................................................. 22
Annex C (informative) Examples of energy performance indicators ...................................................... 24
Annex D (informative) Example of normalization stepwise process ......................................................... 1
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved iii---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Annex E (informative) Example of normalization ............................................................................................ 3
Annex F (informative) Example of normalization — Multivariate–analysis .......................................... 9
Annex G (informative) Reporting aggregated information........................................................................ 14
Bibliography ................................................................................................................................................................. 15
iv © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
(SEC final revision) Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any
patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on
the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the World
Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 301, Energy management and energy
savings.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 50006:2014), which has been technically
revised.The main changes are as follows:
— concepts and technical aspects have been harmonized with the latest edition of ISO 50001:2018;
— definitions in Clause 3 have been updated in accordance with the latest edition of ISO 50001:2018
and considering a new approach for general harmonization under ISO/TC 301;— upgrades have been made related to the normalization of energy performance indicators (EnPIs) and
corresponding energy baselines (EnBs);— upgrades and new considerations have been made related to the new definition and requirement to
demonstrate energy performance improvement.Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved v
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Introduction
0.1 Background
Energy performance evaluation is a tool which applies to all types of organizations and can be used to
evaluate the results of its efforts in energy management. Relevant variables affect the energy
consumption and energy efficiency of organizations. To effectively evaluate energy performance under
equivalent conditions, the effects of relevant variables should be taken into account by using the process
of normalization.Measuring and monitoring of energy performance and demonstration of energy performance
improvement can be challenging because of the complexity of determining energy performance
indicators (EnPIs) and corresponding energy baselines (EnBs) appropriate for an organization to better
understand the energy consumed within the facilities, equipment, systems or energy-using processes.
Improving energy performance helps organizations to become more competitive by reducing their
energy costs. In addition, improving energy performance can help organizations to reduce their energy-
related greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change and the need for decarbonization are major global
concerns. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption is a significant tool in
tackling climate change. Methods for monitoring and measuring energy performance to ensure
appropriate results are key aspects of this activity.In those activities or processes in which no energy performance improvement has been planned, benefits
can also be obtained by using EnPIs and EnBs to manage operational control, identify maintenance needs
or identify significant deviations in energy performance.Communicating the energy performance of the organization and its processes to appropriate person(s)
in the organization is a key element for success. It is also a key to building ongoing commitment and
engagement of the top management to allocate resources for energy management including the effective
establishment of EnPIs and EnBs.The technical information in this document enables an organization to meet the requirements of
ISO 50001 including using normalization in measuring, monitoring, analysing and evaluating its energy
performance and energy performance improvement. In this way, it can demonstrate continual
improvement in energy performance using EnPIs and corresponding EnBs.0.2 Overview of contents
This document provides an organization with practical guidance related to managing energy
performance, including its evaluation, control and continual improvement through the establishment, use
and maintenance of EnPIs and the corresponding EnBs.This document gives guidance on the selection of appropriate EnPIs according to the objectives of the
organizations which can achieve significant benefits by implementing them.This document is intended to guide an organization in establishing, using and maintaining EnPIs and
EnBs in accordance with the requirements in ISO 50001.The process described in this document can provide benefits to any organization, including those that do
not have an EnMS. Nevertheless, more benefits can be obtained if this process is embedded within an
EnMS in accordance with ISO 50001.vi © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Energy management systems — Evaluating energy performance
using energy performance indicators and energy baselines
1 Scope
This document gives guidance on how to establish, use and maintain energy performance indicators
(EnPIs) and energy baselines (EnBs) to evaluate energy performance in any organization including those
using ISO 50001. Additional guidance is given on how to measure and monitor energy performance and
demonstrate energy performance improvement.This document is applicable to any organization, regardless of its type, size, complexity, geographical
location, organizational culture, the products and services it provides or its level of maturity in the field
of energy management.2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https://www.iso.org/obp— IEC Electropedia: available at https://www.electropedia.org/
3.1.1
baseline period
period of time used for comparison with reporting period (3.1.16)
Note 1 to entry: The purpose of the comparison can be monitoring of performance, evaluation of performance
improvement or determination of energy savings.3.1.2
boundary
physical, virtual and/or organizational limits as defined by the entity for a stated purpose
Note 1 to entry: The entity may be an organization, (3.1.14), group of organizations, region(s), subset of an
organization or other depending on the application.Note 2 to entry: Physical can be equipment, systems, a building, a process, a group of processes, a site, or multiple
sites, under the control of an organization.3.1.3
energy
electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar media
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 1
---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, energy refers to the various types of energy, including
renewable, which can be purchased, stored, treated, used in equipment or in a process, or recovered.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1]3.1.4
energy baseline
EnB
value providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: The data and method used to determine the EnB shall be retained as documented information.
Note 2 to entry: If the process for determination of the EnB uses relevant variables (3.1.15) for normalization
(3.1.13) or if the EnB is adjusted for changes in static factors (3.1.18), the information shall be retained as
documented information.Note 3 to entry: For the purpose of translation, the phrase normalized energy baseline is translated in some
languages as the phrase energy baseline after the normalization process.3.1.5
energy consumption
quantity of energy (3.1.3) applied
Note 1 to entry: Energy consumption can be represented in volume (e.g. literslitres of fuel), mass, weight units or
energy units (e.g. GJ, kWh).[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1 with addition of2, modified — Note 1] to entry added.]
3.1.6energy efficiency
ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of process and an input of energy (3.1.3)
EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency, energy required/energy used, output/input, theoretical energy used to
operate/energy used to operate.Note 1 to entry: The output of a process can be products, services, or energy.
Note 2 to entry: Both input and output should be clearly specified in terms of quantity and quality, and should be
measurable.3.1.7
energy use (preferred term)
energy end-use (admitted term)
application of energy (3.1.3)
EXAMPLE Ventilation, lighting, heating, cooling, transportation, processes, data storage.
Note 1 to entry: Energy use is based on “what the energy (3.1.3) is used for” as compared to energy consumption
(3.1.5) which is based on “how much energy is used”.Note 2 to entry: This application can be from any energy type including renewables.
3.1.8energy model
mathematical representation based on a data set describing the relationship between relevant variables
(3.1.15) and energy consumption (3.1.5) or energy efficiency (3.1.6) over a specified period of time
2 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Note 1 to entry: The specified period of time can represent different perspectives of time such as baseline period
(3.1.1), reporting period (3.1.16), or period that reflects standard conditions.3.1.9
energy performance
measurable result(s) related to energy efficiency (3.1.6), energy use (3.1.7) and energy consumption (3.1.5)
3.1.10energy performance indicator
EnPI
measure used to quantify energy performance (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: If the EnPI is used for the demonstration of energy performance improvement (3.1.11) it refers to
energy efficiency (3.1.6) or energy consumption (3.1.5).Note 2 to entry: The EnPI is defined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 3 to entry: EnPI(s) can be calculated by using aan energy model (3.1.8).
3.1.11
energy performance improvement
improvement in measurable results of energy efficiency (3.1.6) or energy consumption (3.1.5) related to
energy use (3.1.7), compared to the energy baseline (3.1.4)3.1.12
energy target
quantifiable objective of energy performance improvement (3.1.11)
Note 1 to entry: An energy target can be included within an objective.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.15]
3.1.13
normalization
process to enable analysis under equivalent or standard conditions
Note 1 to entry: Normalization can be used for the purpose of comparison of energy performance (3.1.9) or energy
performance improvement (3.1.11), which accounts for the changes in relevant variables (3.1.15).
3.1.14organization
person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships
to achieve its objectivesNote 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company, corporation, firm,
enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated or
not, public or private.3.1.15
relevant variable
quantifiable factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.1.9) and routinely changes
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 2 to entry: In a statistical approach, relevant variables are identified from independent variables by using
significance criteria.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 3
---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
EXAMPLE Weather conditions, operating conditions (indoor temperature, light level), working hours,
production output.3.1.16
reporting period
defined period of time selected for evaluating energy performance (3.1.9) and energy performance
improvement (3.1.11)Note 1 to entry: In this document, the concept of reporting period includes the concept of monitoring period.
3.1.17significant energy use
SEU
energy use (3.1.7) accounting for substantial energy consumption (3.1.5) and/or offering considerable
potential for energy performance improvement (3.1.11)Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 2 to entry: SEUs can be related to facilities, systems, processes or equipment.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.6]3.1.18
static factor
identified factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.1.9) and does not routinely change
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization.EXAMPLE Facility size, design of installed equipment, number of weekly shifts, range of products.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.8]3.2 Abbreviated terms
EnB energy baseline
EnMS energy management system
EnB energy baseline
EnPI energy performance indicator
SEU significant energy use
SEC specific energy consumption
SEU significant energy use
4 Overview of EnPIs, EnBs and energy performance
An organization establishes EnPIs and EnBs to measure and monitor energy performance and
demonstrate energy performance improvement.EnPIs provide relevant energy performance information to interested parties (e.g. internal users, supply
chain), to understand its energy performance and take actions to control and improve energy
performance.EnPI values quantify the energy performance of the whole organization or its various parts (e.g. facilities,
equipment, systems or energy using processes). Potential EnPIs need to be analysed to decide if they are
4 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
appropriate before being selected. EnPIs can be expressed using an energy model and can be reported in
units of energy consumption (e.g. GJ, kWh) or energy efficiency (e.g. km/Ll).Energy consumption of an organization maycan be significantly affected by relevant variables such as
weather, production, etc. If the organization has data which indicates that relevant variables significantly
affect energy performance, normalization should be carried out to enable comparison of energy
performance. Normalization is used to account for the changes in the relevant variables to monitor and
evaluate energy performance, and evaluate and demonstrate energy performance improvement.
Energy targets are set by the organization and may be based on identified and planned energy
performance improvement opportunities.Figure 1 illustrates an example of the relationship between energy performance improvement, EnPIs,
EnBs, EnPI values and energy targets. Figure 1 also illustrates how energy performance improvement is
achieved when an EnPI value improves compared with the EnB, whether or not energy targets are met.
NOTE The trend of changing energy consumption indicates that there is (are) relevant variable(s) and
normalization is required.Figure 1 — Example of conceptual relationship between energy performance, EnPIs, EnBs, EnPI
values and energy targetsThe process to develop, use and update EnPIs and EnBs is described in detail in Clauses 5 to 10. This
process helps the organization to monitor and evaluate energy performance and demonstrate energy
performance improvement. The processes within the EnPIsEnPI and EnBsEnB planning are presented in
Annex A.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved 5
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Key
X time
Y energy consumption
NOTE The trend of changing energy consumption indicates that there is (are) relevant variable(s) and
normalization is required.Figure 1 — Example of conceptual relationship between energy performance, EnPIs, EnBs, EnPI
values and energy targets5 Obtaining relevant energy performance information
5.1 Initial-energy-performance-related information
Organizations should identify current types of energy uses and evaluate current and past energy
consumption and energy efficiency based on measurement and other data. Significant energy uses (SEUs)
are identified by analysing this information together with factors that affect energy performance.
This process helps to identify the SEUs and prioritize opportunities for energy performance
improvement.NOTE This process is defined in ISO 50001:2018, 6.3 as “energy review”.
5.2 Determining users of energy performance indicators
EnPIs should be developed to meet the needs and expectations of different users and should be easily
understandable.Multiple EnPIs can be required to meet user needs. Aligning the EnPI boundaries with functional roles
can ensure that the EnPIs meet user needs and that responsibility for managing the EnPI can be effectively
assigned.EnPIs can be developed for internal or external users. Internal users can use EnPIs for a wide variety of
purposes such as, but not limited to, maintenance, operation, and energy performance evaluation.
6 © ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 12 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
External users typically use EnPIEnPIs to meet information requirements derived from legal
requirements and other requirements (e.g. sustainability reports).NOTE EnPIs and EnBs required for external purposes, such as those for government reporting, are not always
sufficient for managing energy performance improvement under ISO 50001 or for organizations wishing to
understand their actual energy performance improvement.Table 1 describes some common EnPI users.
Table 1 — EnPI users
Types of EnPI users Typical needs
Top management Top management need information from EnPIs to understand the energy
performance of the organization and to support energy performanceimprovement actions.
Energy management Group who supports the organization, including top management in: a) setting up
team an EnPI, b) maintaining an EnPI, c) monitoring EnBs, current EnPI values, values of
all relevant variables in predetermined intervals, d) setting energy targets andcalculating extent of achievement of energy target, e) conducting normalization and
comparison of current EnPI values with EnBs and energy target, f) reportingof EnPI values and deviations, and g) interpreting the results.
Plant or facility Typically controls resources within the plant or facility and is responsible for
management results. The plant or facility manager should understand both planned energy
performance and investigate and respond to significant deviations of energyperformance and in financial terms. Plant or facility managers may use all of the
EnPIs in their plant or facility including the EnPI regarding its SEU, andcomparable EnPIs from other sites for benchmarking purposes.
Operation and Responsible for using EnPIs to control and ensure efficient operation by taking
maintenance actions for significant deviations in energy performance, eliminating energy
personnel waste and undertaking preventive maintenance. Operation and maintenance
personnel may use the EnPIs relevant to the process or equipment for whichthey have responsibility.
Engineers Plan, execute and evaluate an energy performance improvement action using
suitable EnPIs for the action including the method(s) used to evaluate energyperformance improvement.
External users External userusers such as regulatory bodies, professional and sector associations,
EnMS auditors, customers, or other organizations maycan need information fromEnPIs to feed into their relevant processes.
EnPI owner Person who is responsible for monitoring, analysing and reporting an EnPI and its
values.5.3 Def
...
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 50006
ISO/TC 301
Energy management systems —
Secretariat: ANSI
Evaluating energy performance using
Voting begins on:
2023-02-08 energy performance indicators and
energy baselines
Voting terminates on:
2023-04-05
RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
DOCUMENTATION.
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO-
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN-
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 1 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
FINAL
INTERNATIONAL ISO/FDIS
DRAFT
STANDARD 50006
ISO/TC 301
Energy management systems —
Secretariat: ANSI
Evaluating energy performance using
Voting begins on:
energy performance indicators and
energy baselines
Voting terminates on:
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2023
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, or required in the context of its implementation, no part of this publication may
be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on
the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below
or ISO’s member body in the country of the requester.RECIPIENTS OF THIS DRAFT ARE INVITED TO
ISO copyright office
SUBMIT, WITH THEIR COMMENTS, NOTIFICATION
OF ANY RELEVANT PATENT RIGHTS OF WHICH
CP 401 • Ch. de Blandonnet 8
THEY ARE AWARE AND TO PROVIDE SUPPOR TING
CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva
DOCUMENTATION.
Phone: +41 22 749 01 11
IN ADDITION TO THEIR EVALUATION AS
Reference number
Email: copyright@iso.org
BEING ACCEPTABLE FOR INDUSTRIAL, TECHNO
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Website: www.iso.org
LOGICAL, COMMERCIAL AND USER PURPOSES,
DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS MAY ON
Published in Switzerland
OCCASION HAVE TO BE CONSIDERED IN THE
LIGHT OF THEIR POTENTIAL TO BECOME STAN
DARDS TO WHICH REFERENCE MAY BE MADE IN
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
NATIONAL REGULATIONS. © ISO 2023
---------------------- Page: 2 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Contents Page
Foreword ..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................v
Introduction .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................. vi
1 Scope ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................. 1
2 Normative references ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................. 1
3.1 Terms and definitions ...................................................................................................................................................................... 1
3.2 Abbreviated terms .............................................................................................................................................................................. 4
4 Overview of EnPIs, EnBs and energy performance ......................................................................................................... 4
5 Obtaining relevant energy performance information ................................................................................................ 5
5.1 Initial-energy-performance-related information .................................................................................................... 5
5.2 Determining users of energy performance indicators ....................................................................................... 5
5.3 Defining the energy performance indicator boundaries .................................................................................. 6
5.4 Defining and quantifying energy flows ............................................................................................................................ 7
5.5 Defining and quantifying variables related to energy performance ..................................................... 8
5.6 Collecting data ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 9
5.6.1 Data collection ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9
5.6.2 Data quality ............................................................................................................................................................................. 9
5.6.3 Measurement ...................................................................................................................................................................... 10
5.6.4 Data collection frequency ........................................................................................................................................ 10
5.6.5 Identifying and analysing outliers .................................................................................................................. 10
6 Determining energy performance indicators ...................................................................................................................11
6.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 11
6.2 Expressing energy performance indicators .............................................................................................................. 11
6.2.1 Statistical model .............................................................................................................................................................. 11
6.2.2 Aggregated models ................................... ..................................................................................................................... 13
6.2.3 Engineering model ......................................................................................................................................................... 13
7 Establishing energy baselines ............................................................................................................................................................14
7.1 Concept of EnB ..................................................................................................................................................................................... 14
7.2 Determining baseline period .................................................................................................................................................. 14
8 Normalization ......................................................................................................................................................................................................15
8.1 Concept of normalization ........................................................................................................................................................... 15
8.2 Uncertainty of model ..................................................................................................................................................................... 15
9 Maintaining energy performance indicators and energy baselines .........................................................15
9.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 15
9.2 Static factor changes ...................................................................................................................................................................... 16
10 Monitoring and reporting of energy performance and demonstrating energyperformance improvement ...................................................................................................................................................................17
10.1 General ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17
10.2 Monitoring and reporting .......................................................................................................................................................... 17
10.3 Demonstrating energy performance improvement ........................................................................................... 17
Annex A (informative) EnPI and EnB planning process ...............................................................................................................19
Annex B (informative) Examples of EnPI boundaries ....................................................................................................................21
Annex C (informative) Examples of energy performance indicators ............................................................................22
Annex D (informative) Example of normalization stepwise process ............................................................................26
Annex E (informative) Example of normalization ..............................................................................................................................28
Annex F (informative) Example of normalization — Multivariate–analysis .........................................................32
Annex G (informative) Reporting aggregated information .....................................................................................................36
iii© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 3 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Bibliography .............................................................................................................................................................................................................................37
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 4 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and nongovernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular, the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.For an explanation of the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and
expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to
the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT), see
www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 301, Energy management and energy
savings.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 50006:2014), which has been technically
revised.The main changes are as follows:
— concepts and technical aspects have been harmonized with the latest edition of ISO 50001:2018;
— definitions in Clause 3 have been updated in accordance with the latest edition of ISO 50001:2018
and considering a new approach for general harmonization under ISO/TC 301;— upgrades have been made related to the normalization of energy performance indicators (EnPIs)
and corresponding energy baselines (EnBs);— upgrades and new considerations have been made related to the new definition and requirement to
demonstrate energy performance improvement.Any feedback or questions on this document should be directed to the user’s national standards body. A
complete listing of these bodies can be found at www.iso.org/members.html.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 5 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Introduction
0.1 Background
Energy performance evaluation is a tool which applies to all types of organizations and can be used
to evaluate the results of its efforts in energy management. Relevant variables affect the energy
consumption and energy efficiency of organizations. To effectively evaluate energy performance under
equivalent conditions, the effects of relevant variables should be taken into account by using the process
of normalization.Measuring and monitoring of energy performance and demonstration of energy performance
improvement can be challenging because of the complexity of determining energy performance
indicators (EnPIs) and corresponding energy baselines (EnBs) appropriate for an organization to better
understand the energy consumed within the facilities, equipment, systems or energy-using processes.
Improving energy performance helps organizations to become more competitive by reducing their
energy costs. In addition, improving energy performance can help organizations to reduce their energy-
related greenhouse gas emissions. Climate change and the need for decarbonization are major global
concerns. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions associated with energy consumption is a significant
tool in tackling climate change. Methods for monitoring and measuring energy performance to ensure
appropriate results are key aspects of this activity.In those activities or processes in which no energy performance improvement has been planned,
benefits can also be obtained by using EnPIs and EnBs to manage operational control, identify
maintenance needs or identify significant deviations in energy performance.Communicating the energy performance of the organization and its processes to appropriate person(s)
in the organization is a key element for success. It is also a key to building ongoing commitment and
engagement of top management to allocate resources for energy management including the effective
establishment of EnPIs and EnBs.The technical information in this document enables an organization to meet the requirements of
ISO 50001 including using normalization in measuring, monitoring, analysing and evaluating its
energy performance and energy performance improvement. In this way, it can demonstrate continual
improvement in energy performance using EnPIs and corresponding EnBs.0.2 Overview of contents
This document provides an organization with practical guidance related to managing energy
performance, including its evaluation, control and continual improvement through the establishment,
use and maintenance of EnPIs and the corresponding EnBs.This document gives guidance on the selection of appropriate EnPIs according to the objectives of the
organizations which can achieve significant benefits by implementing them.This document is intended to guide an organization in establishing, using and maintaining EnPIs and
EnBs in accordance with the requirements in ISO 50001.The process described in this document can provide benefits to any organization, including those that
do not have an EnMS. Nevertheless, more benefits can be obtained if this process is embedded within
an EnMS in accordance with ISO 50001.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 6 ----------------------
FINAL DRAFT INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Energy management systems — Evaluating energy
performance using energy performance indicators and
energy baselines
1 Scope
This document gives guidance on how to establish, use and maintain energy performance indicators
(EnPIs) and energy baselines (EnBs) to evaluate energy performance in any organization including those
using ISO 50001. Additional guidance is given on how to measure and monitor energy performance and
demonstrate energy performance improvement.This document is applicable to any organization, regardless of its type, size, complexity, geographical
location, organizational culture, the products and services it provides or its level of maturity in the field
of energy management.2 Normative references
There are no normative references in this document.
3 Terms, definitions and abbreviated terms
3.1 Terms and definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.
ISO and IEC maintain terminology databases for use in standardization at the following addresses:
— ISO Online browsing platform: available at https:// www .iso .org/ obp— IEC Electropedia: available at https:// www .electropedia .org/
3.1.1
baseline period
period of time used for comparison with reporting period (3.1.16)
Note 1 to entry: The purpose of the comparison can be monitoring of performance, evaluation of performance
improvement or determination of energy savings.3.1.2
boundary
physical, virtual and/or organizational limits as defined by the entity for a stated purpose
Note 1 to entry: The entity may be an organization (3.1.14), group of organizations, region(s), subset of an
organization or other depending on the application.Note 2 to entry: Physical can be equipment, systems, a building, a process, a group of processes, a site, or multiple
sites, under the control of an organization.3.1.3
energy
electricity, fuels, steam, heat, compressed air and other similar media
Note 1 to entry: For the purposes of this document, energy refers to the various types of energy, including
renewable, which can be purchased, stored, treated, used in equipment or in a process, or recovered.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 7 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.1]
3.1.4
energy baseline
EnB
value providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: The data and method used to determine the EnB shall be retained as documented information.
Note 2 to entry: If the process for determination of the EnB uses relevant variables (3.1.15) for normalization
(3.1.13) or if the EnB is adjusted for changes in static factors (3.1.18), the information shall be retained as
documented information.3.1.5
energy consumption
quantity of energy (3.1.3) applied
Note 1 to entry: Energy consumption can be represented in volume (e.g. litres of fuel), mass, weight units or
energy units (e.g. GJ, kWh).[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.2, modified — Note 1 to entry added.]
3.1.6
energy efficiency
ratio or other quantitative relationship between an output of process and an input of energy (3.1.3)
EXAMPLE Conversion efficiency, energy required/energy used, output/input, theoretical energy used to
operate/energy used to operate.Note 1 to entry: The output of a process can be products, services, or energy.
Note 2 to entry: Both input and output should be clearly specified in terms of quantity and quality, and should be
measurable.3.1.7
energy use
energy end-use
application of energy (3.1.3)
EXAMPLE Ventilation, lighting, heating, cooling, transportation, processes, data storage.
Note 1 to entry: Energy use is based on “what the energy is used for” as compared to energy consumption (3.1.5)
which is based on “how much energy is used”.Note 2 to entry: This application can be from any energy type including renewables.
3.1.8energy model
mathematical representation based on a data set describing the relationship between relevant variables
(3.1.15) and energy consumption (3.1.5) or energy efficiency (3.1.6) over a specified period of time
Note 1 to entry: The specified period of time can represent different perspectives of time such as baseline period
(3.1.1), reporting period (3.1.16), or period that reflects standard conditions.3.1.9
energy performance
measurable result(s) related to energy efficiency (3.1.6), energy use (3.1.7) and energy consumption
(3.1.5)© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 8 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
3.1.10
energy performance indicator
EnPI
measure used to quantify energy performance (3.1.9)
Note 1 to entry: If the EnPI is used for the demonstration of energy performance improvement (3.1.11) it refers to
energy efficiency (3.1.6) or energy consumption (3.1.5).Note 2 to entry: The EnPI is defined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 3 to entry: EnPI(s) can be calculated by using an energy model (3.1.8).
3.1.11
energy performance improvement
improvement in measurable results of energy efficiency (3.1.6) or energy consumption (3.1.5) related to
energy use (3.1.7), compared to the energy baseline (3.1.4)3.1.12
energy target
quantifiable objective of energy performance improvement (3.1.11)
Note 1 to entry: An energy target can be included within an objective.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.15]
3.1.13
normalization
process to enable analysis under equivalent or standard conditions
Note 1 to entry: Normalization can be used for the purpose of comparison of energy performance (3.1.9) or energy
performance improvement (3.1.11), which accounts for the changes in relevant variables (3.1.15).
3.1.14organization
person or group of people that has its own functions with responsibilities, authorities and relationships
to achieve its objectivesNote 1 to entry: The concept of organization includes, but is not limited to, sole-trader, company, corporation, firm,
enterprise, authority, partnership, charity or institution, or part or combination thereof, whether incorporated
or not, public or private.3.1.15
relevant variable
quantifiable factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.1.9) and routinely changes
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 2 to entry: In a statistical approach, relevant variables are identified from independent variables by using
significance criteria.EXAMPLE Weather conditions, operating conditions (indoor temperature, light level), working hours,
production output.3.1.16
reporting period
defined period of time selected for evaluating energy performance (3.1.9) and energy performance
improvement (3.1.11)Note 1 to entry: In this document, the concept of reporting period includes the concept of monitoring period.
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 9 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
3.1.17
significant energy use
SEU
energy use (3.1.7) accounting for substantial energy consumption (3.1.5) and/or offering considerable
potential for energy performance improvement (3.1.11)Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization (3.1.14).
Note 2 to entry: SEUs can be related to facilities, systems, processes or equipment.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.5.6]3.1.18
static factor
identified factor that significantly impacts energy performance (3.1.9) and does not routinely change
Note 1 to entry: Significance criteria are determined by the organization.EXAMPLE Facility size, design of installed equipment, number of weekly shifts, range of products.
[SOURCE: ISO 50001:2018, 3.4.8]3.2 Abbreviated terms
EnB energy baseline
EnMS energy management system
EnPI energy performance indicator
SEC specific energy consumption
SEU significant energy use
4 Overview of EnPIs, EnBs and energy performance
An organization establishes EnPIs and EnBs to measure and monitor energy performance and
demonstrate energy performance improvement.EnPIs provide relevant energy performance information to interested parties (e.g. internal users,
supply chain), to understand energy performance and take actions to control and improve energy
performance.EnPI values quantify the energy performance of the whole organization or its various parts (e.g.
facilities, equipment, systems or energy using processes). Potential EnPIs need to be analysed to decide
if they are appropriate before being selected. EnPIs can be expressed using an energy model and can be
reported in units of energy consumption (e.g. GJ, kWh) or energy efficiency (e.g. km/l).
Energy consumption of an organization can be significantly affected by relevant variables such
as weather, production, etc. If the organization has data which indicates that relevant variables
significantly affect energy performance, normalization should be carried out to enable comparison
of energy performance. Normalization is used to account for the changes in the relevant variables
to monitor and evaluate energy performance, and evaluate and demonstrate energy performance
improvement.Energy targets are set by the organization and may be based on identified and planned energy
performance improvement opportunities.Figure 1 illustrates an example of the relationship between energy performance improvement, EnPIs,
EnBs, EnPI values and energy targets. Figure 1 also illustrates how energy performance improvement
© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved---------------------- Page: 10 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
is achieved when an EnPI value improves compared with the EnB, whether or not energy targets are
met.The process to develop, use and update EnPIs and EnBs is described in detail in Clauses 5 to 10. This
process helps the organization to monitor and evaluate energy performance and demonstrate energy
performance improvement. The processes within the EnPI and EnB planning are presented in Annex A.
KeyX time
Y energy consumption
NOTE The trend of changing energy consumption indicates that there is (are) relevant variable(s) and
normalization is required.Figure 1 — Example of conceptual relationship between energy performance, EnPIs, EnBs, EnPI
values and energy targets5 Obtaining relevant energy performance information
5.1 Initial-energy-performance-related information
Organizations should identify current types of energy uses and evaluate current and past energy
consumption and energy efficiency based on measurement and other data. Significant energy uses
(SEUs) are identified by analysing this information together with factors that affect energy performance.
This process helps to identify the SEUs and prioritize opportunities for energy performance
improvement.NOTE This process is defined in ISO 50001:2018, 6.3 as “energy review”.
5.2 Determining users of energy performance indicators
EnPIs should be developed to meet the needs and expectations of different users and should be easily
understandable.© ISO 2023 – All rights reserved
---------------------- Page: 11 ----------------------
ISO/FDIS 50006:2023(E)
Multiple EnPIs can be required to meet user needs. Aligning the EnPI boundaries with functional
roles can ensure that the EnPIs meet user needs and that responsibility for managing the EnPI can be
effectively assigned.EnPIs can be developed for internal or external users. Internal users can use EnPIs for a wide variety
of purposes such as, but not limited to, maintenance, operation and energy performance evaluation.
External users typically use EnPIs to meet information requirements derived from legal requirements
and other requirements (e.g. sustainability reports).NOTE EnPIs and EnBs required for external purposes, such as those for government reporting, are not
always sufficient for managing energy performance improvement under ISO 50001 or for organizations wishing
to understand their actual energy performance improvement.Table 1 describes some common EnPI users.
Table 1 — EnPI users
Types of EnPI users Typical needs
Top management Top management need information from EnPIs to understand the energy
performance of the organization and to support energy performanceimprovement actions.
Energy management Group who supports the organization, including top management in: a) setting up
team an EnPI, b) maintaining an EnPI, c) monitoring EnBs, current EnPI values, values of
all relevant variables in p...
Questions, Comments and Discussion
Ask us and Technical Secretary will try to provide an answer. You can facilitate discussion about the standard in here.