ISO/TS 11931:2012
(Main)Nanotechnologies — Nanoscale calcium carbonate in powder form — Characteristics and measurement
Nanotechnologies — Nanoscale calcium carbonate in powder form — Characteristics and measurement
ISO/TS 11931:2012 provides requirements to describe the basic characteristics of nanoscale calcium carbonate in powder form relevant for applications in nanotechnology. It is intended to detail the material specification necessary to use CaCO3 in the applications related to nanotechnology. It does not cover characteristics specific for health and safety issues, and for specific applications of nanoscale CaCO3.
Nanotechnologies — Carbonate de calcium à la nano-échelle sous forme de poudre — Caractéristiques et mesurage
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 11931
First edition
2012-12-15
Nanotechnologies — Nanoscale
calcium carbonate in powder form —
Characteristics and measurement
Nanotechnologies — Carbonate de calcium à la nano-échelle sous
forme de poudre — Caractéristiques et mesurage
Reference number
ISO/TS 11931:2012(E)
©
ISO 2012
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ISO/TS 11931:2012(E)
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ii © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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ISO/TS 11931:2012(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.
The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International
Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting.
Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies
casting a vote.
In other circumstances, particularly when there is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a
technical committee may decide to publish other types of document:
an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical
experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by more than 50 %
of the members of the parent committee casting a vote;
an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a
technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the
committee casting a vote.
An ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for
a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or
ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be
transformed into an International Standard or be withdrawn.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
ISO/TS 11931 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies.
© ISO 2012 – All rights reserved iii
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ISO/TS 11931:2012(E)
Introduction
Calcium carbonate, CaCO , is widely used in the paint, ink, building, paper, pharmaceutical and food industries.
3
The applications of this material are expected to increase with the development of nanoscale calcium
carbonate. Accordingly, there is a need to better define the characteristics of this material contributing
to its performance. This Technical Specification provides methods to determine chemical composition of
nanoscale calcium carbonate and three key parameters commonly used to characterize nanoscale calcium
carbonate: average crystallite size, average primary particle size and specific surface area.
Calcium carbonate has crystalline structures: calcite, aragonite and vaterite. However, only calcite is
widely used in commercial applications. Thus nanoscale calcium carbonate described in this Technical
Specification has the calcite crystal structure.
There are two kinds of commercial nanoscale calcium carbonate: ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and
precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC). These two products have different characteristics such as particle
shape and particle size distribution. The buyer and seller should be aware of the different characteristics
required for different applications.
X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) methods are used to measure
crystallite size and primary particle size, respectively. The Brunauer, Emmet and Teller (BET) method
is used to measure specific surface area.
Nanotechnology is a rapidly growing and evolving field. Users of this document should maintain an
awareness of the legislative environment and latest developments in Environmental Health and Safety
[1-12]
regarding nanotechnology. These references may be of interest . Responsibilities of users of this
document include the following: the seller is obliged to provide the buyer with such environmental,
health and safety information as required by law. If the seller or buyer wish to assess the environmental,
[7]
safety or health risks of the material, they may refer to ISO/TR 12885:2008 for further guidance.
This document may be used in conjunction with other application specific standards developed either
by ISO or other standards development bodies.
iv © ISO 2012 – All rights reserved
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 11931:2012(E)
Nanotechnologies — Nanoscale calcium carbonate in
powder form — Characteristics and measurement
WARNING — Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory practice, if
applicable. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated
with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices
and to ensure compliance with any regulatory requirements.
1 Scope
This Technical Specification provides requirements to describe the basic characteristics of nanoscale
calcium carbonate in powder form relevant for applications in nanotechnology. It is intended to detail
the material specification necessary to use CaCO in the applications related to nanotechnology.
3
It does not cover characteristics specific for health and safety issues, and for specific applications of
nanoscale CaCO .
3
2 Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated
references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced
document (including any amendments) applies.
ISO 3262-1, Extenders for paints — Specifications and methods of test — Part 1: Introduction and
general test methods
ISO 9277:2010, Determination of the specific surface area of solids by gas adsorption using the BET method
ISO 13322-1, Particle size analysis — Image analysis methods — Part 1: Static image analysis methods
ISO 14488, Particulate materials — Sampling and sample splitting for the determination of particulate properties
ISO 14887, Sample preparation — Dispersing procedures for powders in liquids
ISO/TS 27687, Nanotechnologies — Terminology and definitions for nano-objects — Nanoparticle, nanofibre
and nanoplate
ISO 80004-1, Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary — Part 1: Core terms
3 Te
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