SIST EN 13232-9:2006
(Main)Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Part 9: Layouts
Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Part 9: Layouts
The scope of this part is:
- to describe the design process of switches and crossings, and the use of the other parts of this standard;
- to define the main criteria to be taken into account during the design of the layout, including the safety and functional dimensions as well as geometrical and material aspects;
- to define the main criteria to be verified during the design approval;
- to define the geometrical and non-geometrical acceptance criteria for inspection of layouts assembled both in the fabrication plant and at track site in case of layouts that are delivered non or partially assembled or in a “kit” form;
- to determine the limits of supply;
- to define the minimum requirements for traceability.
This European Standard applies only to layouts that are assembled in the manufacturing plant or that are assembled for the first time at trackside.
Other aspects such as installation and maintenance also influence performance; these are not considered as part of this European Standard.
Bahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen - Teil 9: Weichenanlagen
Der vorliegende Teil umfasst folgende Bereiche:
- den Konstruktionsablauf für Weichen und Kreuzungen sowie die Anwendung auf die anderen Teilbereiche dieser Normung zu beschreiben;
- die wesentlichen Kriterien zu definieren, die für die Konstruktion der Weichenanlagen zu berücksichtigen sind, einschließlich der Maße für Sicherheit und Funktion, sowohl unter geometrischen Gesichtspunkten als auch hinsichtlich der Werkstoffe;
- die wesentlichen Kriterien zu definieren, die im Genehmigungsverfahren für die Konstruktion zu überprüfen sind;
- die geometrischen und nicht geometrischen Abnahmekriterien für die Inspektion der Weichenanlagen zu definieren, sowohl für den Fall, dass die Weichenanlagen im Lieferwerk und auf der Baustelle montiert werden, als auch dafür, dass sie nur teilweise montiert oder als Bausatz geliefert werden;
- den Lieferumfang festzulegen;
- ein Minimum an Erfordernissen für die Rückverfolgbarkeit zu definieren.
Diese Europäische Norm gilt nur für Weichenanlagen, die im Lieferwerk oder auf der Baustelle zum ersten Mal montiert werden.
Andere Gesichtspunkte, wie Einbau und Unterhaltung, die ebenfalls die Leistungsfähigkeit beeinflussen, sind nicht Teil dieser Europäischen Norm.
Applications ferroviaires - Voie - Appareils de voie - Partie 9: Ensemble de l'appareil
La présente partie de la Norme européenne a pour but :
-de décrire le processus de conception des appareils de voie, ainsi que l'utilisation des autres parties de cette
norme ;
-de définir les principaux criteres a prendre en compte lors de la conception de l'ensemble de l'appareil, y
compris les dimensions fonctionnelles et sécuritaires ainsi que les aspects géométriques et matériels ;
-de définir les principaux criteres a contrôler lors de l'approbation de la conception ;
-de définir les criteres de conformité géométrique et non-géométrique pour l'inspection des ensembles
assemblés en usine et sur le site en cas d'ensembles livrés non-assemblés ou partiellement assemblés ou
sous forme de « kit » ;
-de déterminer les limites de fourniture ;
-de définir les exigences minimales en terme de traçabilité.
La présente Norme européenne s'applique uniquement aux ensembles d'appareils assemblés en usine ou
assemblés pour la premiere fois sur le site (aire de montage).
D'autres aspects, tels que l'installation et la maintenance, influent également sur les performances, mais ne sont
pas pris en compte dans la présente Norme européenne.
Železniške naprave – Zgornji ustroj – Kretnice in križišča – 9. del: Kretniški sklopi
General Information
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Standards Content (Sample)
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.Railway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Part 9: LayoutsApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Appareils de voie - Partie 9: Ensemble de l'appareilBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen - Teil 9: WeichenanlagenTa slovenski standard je istoveten z:EN 13232-9:2006SIST EN 13232-9:2006en45.080Rails and railway componentsICS:SLOVENSKI
STANDARDSIST EN 13232-9:200601-oktober-2006
EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPÉENNEEUROPÄISCHE NORMEN 13232-9May 2006ICS 45.080 English VersionRailway applications - Track - Switches and crossings - Part 9:LayoutsApplications ferroviaires - Voie - Appareils de voie - Partie9: Ensemble de l'appareilBahnanwendungen - Oberbau - Weichen und Kreuzungen -Teil 9: WeichenanlagenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 February 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36
B-1050 Brussels© 2006 CENAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 13232-9:2006: E
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword.4 1 Scope.6 2 Normative references.6 3 Terms and definitions.7 4 General design process.11 4.1 General process.11 4.2 Design step details.12 4.3 Practical use of the design process.12 5 General design (design step 1).14 5.1 Track layout.14 5.2 Geometrical design.14 5.2.1 Inputs.14 5.2.2 Rules.14 5.2.3 Geometry plan.14 5.3 Wheel rail interaction.15 5.3.1 Inputs.15 5.3.2 Rules.15 5.3.3 Output.22 6 Main constructional design (step 2).42 6.1 Inputs.42 6.2 Structural requirements.43 6.2.1 General.43 6.2.2 General requirements.43 6.2.3 Specific requirements.43 6.2.4 Other requirements.45 6.3 Actuation, locking and detection design.46 6.4 Output – main construction documents.46 6.4.1 Geometry.46 6.4.2 Guidance.46 6.4.3 Actuation.46 6.4.4 Constructional.47 6.4.5 Information lists.47 7 Detailed component design (step 3).47 7.1 Switches.47 7.2 Crossings.47 7.3 Expansion devices.47 7.4 Other components.48 7.5 Output – assembly documents.48 7.5.1 Main assembly documents.48 7.5.2 Optional documents.50 8 Acceptance (step 4).50 8.1 Inputs.50 8.1.1 Documents and plans.50 8.1.2 Limits of supply.50 8.2 Acceptance testing.50 8.2.1 Components acceptance.50 8.2.2 Layout assembly acceptance.51 8.3 Outputs.55 8.3.1 Documents.55 8.3.2 Traceability.55
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 3 8.3.3 Markings.55 Annex A (informative)
Design criteria.56 A.1 Geometry design.56 A.2 Wheel rail interaction.58 A.3 Actuation, locking and detection conformity.60 A.4 Switch design.62 A.5 Crossing design (with fixed parts).64 A.6 Crossing design (with moveable parts).66 A.7 Expansion devices.68 Annex B (informative)
Layout acceptance form.69 B.1 Justification.69 B.2 Example of layout acceptance form.70 Annex C (informative)
Functional and safety dimensions, practically used by different European Networks.72 Annex D (normative)
Maximum angle of attack in obtuse crossings.73 Annex ZA (informative)
Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system amended by Directive 2004/50/EC of 29 April 2004.75 Bibliography.77
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 4 Foreword This European Standard (EN 13232-9:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 256 “Railway applications”, the secretariat of which is held by DIN.
This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 2006. This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association to support Essential Requirements of EU Directive 96/48/EC of 23 July 1996 on the interoperability of the trans-European high-speed rail system amended by the Directive 2004/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 29 April 2004. For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this European Standard. This series of standards “Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings” covers the design and quality of switches and crossings in flat bottom rails. The list of parts is as follows: Part 1 : Definitions Part 2 : Requirements for geometric design Part 3 : Requirements for wheel/rail interaction Part 4 : Actuation, locking and detection Part 5 : Switches Part 6 : Fixed common and obtuse crossings Part 7 : Crossings with moveable parts Part 8 : Expansion devices Part 9 : Layouts Part 1 contains terminology used throughout all parts of the standard. Parts 2 to 4 contain basic design guides and are applicable to all switch and crossing assemblies. Parts 5 to 8 deal with particular types of equipment, including their tolerances. These use parts 1 to 4 as a basis. Part 9 defines the functional and geometrical dimensions and tolerances for layout assembly. The following terms are used within to define the parties involved in using the EN as the technical basis for a transaction: CUSTOMER The operator or user of the equipment, or the purchaser of the equipment on the user's behalf. SUPPLIER The body responsible for the use of the EN in response to the customer's requirements. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 5 Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 6
1 Scope The scope of this part is: to describe the design process of switches and crossings, and the use of the other parts of this standard; to define the main criteria to be taken into account during the design of the layout, including the safety and functional dimensions as well as geometrical and material aspects; to define the main criteria to be verified during the design approval; to define the geometrical and non-geometrical acceptance criteria for inspection of layouts assembled both in the fabrication plant and at track site in case of layouts that are delivered non or partially assembled or in a “kit” form; to determine the limits of supply; to define the minimum requirements for traceability. This European Standard applies only to layouts that are assembled in the manufacturing plant or that are assembled for the first time at trackside. Other aspects such as installation and maintenance also influence performance; these are not considered as part of this European Standard. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this European Standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 13145, Railway applications — Track — Wood sleepers and bearers EN 13230-4, Railway applications — Track — Concrete sleepers and bearers — Part 4: Prestressed bearers for switches and crossings EN 13232-2, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 2: Requirements for geometric design EN 13232-3, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 3: Requirements for wheel/rail interaction EN 13232-4, Railway applications — Track – Switches and crossings — Part 4: Actuation, locking and detection EN 13232-5, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 5: Switches EN 13232-6, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 6: Fixed common and obtuse crossings EN 13232-7, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 7: Crossings with moveable parts prEN 13232-8, Railway applications — Track — Switches and crossings — Part 8: Expansion devices EN 13481 (all parts), Railway applications — Track — Performance requirements for fastening systems
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 7 EN 13674-1, Railway applications — Track — Rail — Part 1: Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above EN 13674-2, Railway applications — Track — Rail — Part 2: Switch and crossing rails used in conjunction with Vignole railway rails 46 kg/m and above EN 13674-3, Railway applications — Track — Rail — Part 3: Check rails EN 13674-4, Railway applications — Track — Rail — Part 4: Vignole railway rails from 27 kg/m to, but excluding 46 kg/m EN 13715, Railway applications — Wheelsets and bogies — Wheels — Tread profile prEN 13803-2, Railway applications — Track alignment design parameters — Track gauges 1 435 mm and wider — Part 2: Switches and crossings and comparable alignment design situations with abrupt changes of curvature prEN 14730 (all parts), Railway applications — Track — Aluminothermic welding of rails UIC 505-1, Railway transport stock — Rolling stock construction gauge UIC 505-4, Effects of the application of the kinematic gauges defined in the 505 series of leaflets on the positioning of structures in relation to the tracks and of the tracks in relation to each other UIC 510-2, Trailing stock — Conditions concerning the use of wheels of various diameters with running gear of different types 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this European Standard, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 guiding force Y lateral force, acting parallel to the running surface, between the wheel and the relevant track component (usually a rail) 3.2 wheel load Q force, acting perpendicular to the running surface, between the wheel on one hand and the relevant track component (rail) 3.3 contact angle γγγγA angle of the contact plane, measured at the contact point A between the wheel and the track component. In the case of a two-point contact, the one nearest the wheel flange will be considered.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 8
Key γA contact angle A contact point Figure 1 — Contact angle This contact angle determines the contact danger zone on the wheel, as defined in EN 13232-3 3.4 friction coefficient µµµµ friction coefficient encountered at the contact point where the contact angle is determined 3.5 flange sharpness qR parameter which characterises the sharpness of the wheel flange. The measurement is taken in accordance with UIC 510-2 at the active side of the flange as defined in Figure 2. It is the distance, parallel to the wheel axis, between the following two points: reference point on the profile, at a distance from wheel axis of 10 mm more than the wheel radius; reference point located at a distance 2 mm from the flange tip towards the wheel axis
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 9 Dimensions in millimetres
Key a
wheel back to back qR
flange sharpness b
flange width R
wheel radius hfl
flange depth
Figure 2 — Wheel parameters 3.6 flange depth hfl see EN 13232-3 3.7 wheel back-to-back a see EN 13232-2. The symbol “a” is used throughout this standard. An index max or min is given to this symbol according respectively to the maximum and minimum values that can occur during operation 3.8 flange width b see EN 13232-2. The symbol "b" is used throughout this standard. An index max or min is given to this symbol according respectively to the maximum and minimum values that can occur during operation 3.9 switch point retraction E distance, measured at the reference plane, between the reference line of switch and stock rail at the actual switch toe
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 10
Key E point retraction Z1 switch rail machining reference plane (see EN 13232-5) Z2 stock rail machining reference plane (see EN 13232-5) Figure 3 — Switch point retraction 3.10 point retraction in fixed common crossing reference line in a fixed common crossing which can deviate from the theoretical geometry line. From a certain distance to the crossing point, the reference line of the vee can, depending on the design, be removed from this theoretical line away from the wheel flange in order to avoid contact between both elements. This situation is described in Figure 4.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 11
Key 1 theoretical reference line 2 actual reference line 3 point retraction 4 mathematical point (MP) 5 actual point (RP) Figure 4 — Point retraction in fixed common crossing The value of the point retraction is measured at the actual point (RP) 3.11 lead of turnout distance between reference points of the different components of the S&C, e.g. the distance between theoretical points of crossing and switch in a standard layout. The lead is measured parallel to the reference line, except when stated otherwise 4 General design process 4.1 General process The design process of switches and crossings is complex due to the many requirements that apply and the different situations that may occur. Figure 5 gives a schematic representation of the general design process. It separates the whole process into 4 main steps: step 1 contains the general design of the S&C. It permits the definition of the fundamental aspects of the S&C, respecting the main design requirements, as defined in parts 2 to 4; step 2 is the main constructional design process, which specifies the main construction of the S&C; step 3 consists of the detailed design of the individual components; step 4 is the product acceptance.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 12
Key 1 step 1: General design 2 step 2: Main constructional design 3 step 3: Detailed component design 4 step 4: Acceptance Figure 5 — General design process Step 1 consists of the geometrical design, the design of the wheel-rail interaction and the design requirements for compliance with the actuation, locking and detection system. Step 2 is based on the technology used by the supplier and is not dealt with in detail by any standard. It is mainly based on the suppliers’ experience and expertise. Step 3 is dealt with in different standards. The design of the main components shall respect the requirements laid down in parts 5 to 8. Other components, such as fastenings, bearers, etc, are dealt with in respective EN’s. 4.2 Design step details a) Every design step requires sufficient input data to enable the design to be completed. b) These input data are dealt with by the supplier through the design rules. The rules are defined in EN 13232, parts 2 to 8. c) The result of the different design steps are outputs. All these aspects are schematically represented for each design step in Figure 6, with a reference to the different parts and clauses where these aspects are dealt with in detail. 4.3 Practical use of the design process The previous scheme deals with the complete design process of the S&C. The use of the standard is not limited to this case only. The customer may choose to instruct the supplier to perform the whole design process and therefore the customer would provide all the necessary input data to permit the supplier to perform the design The customer may also opt to instruct the supplier to perform only parts of the design process. In this case the customer shall deliver all inputs of the design steps he has requested the supplier to perform. This means that he has to deliver all outputs of the previous design steps. EXAMPLE 1 The customer may instruct the supplier to perform the detailed design of an S&C layout based on the geometry of an existing design for use on a main railway line. In this case the customer shall provide the supplier with the outputs from geometrical requirements (the geometry plan) as well as the requirements for wheel-rail interaction, specified by the functional and safety dimensions. Based on this information and the inputs for both conformity for actuation, locking and detection (ALD) and general requirements, he performs the general and detailed component design.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 13 EXAMPLE 2 The customer may instruct the supplier to fabricate an S&C layout in accordance with an existing design. He therefore shall deliver all detailed plans to the supplier. The supplier only has to do step 4 of the general design process.
NOTE Subclause references in Figure 6 relate to this European Standard. Figure 6 — Design process
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 14 5 General design (design step 1) 5.1 Track layout The track layout shall be specified in accordance with the rules laid down in prEN 13803-2. 5.2 Geometrical design 5.2.1 Inputs The information needed to perform the geometrical design is defined in EN 13232-2. A list summarising these inputs is given in A.1. The geometrical design process is schematically given in Figure A.1. 5.2.2 Rules The requirements to be respected are given in EN 13232-2. In addition to these rules the client can give additional requirements such as: minimum radius; maximum entry angle. Basic S&C design has straight main lines (except for equal split turnouts). Curved S&C’s are based on basic designs with equivalent radius. 5.2.3 Geometry plan The geometry plan sets out the geometry design details.
It contains the following information: gauge throughout the S&C; cant throughout the S&C; origin of switch curve; real switch toe; theoretical intersection (crossing); centreline radii; tangent offset; limits of supply; etc.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 15 5.3 Wheel rail interaction 5.3.1 Inputs The wheel rail interaction parameters required to perform the geometrical design are set out in EN 13232-3. A list summarising all these inputs is given in A.2. The geometrical design process is schematically given in Figure A.2. 5.3.2 Rules 5.3.2.1 Introduction The main rules for wheel-rail interaction are given in EN 13232-3. These general rules are clarified in the following: First, the general law for derailment calculations is described. This law is to be used for safety calculations. Secondly, a list of commonly appearing hazardous situations is given. These situations can appear during operation and are influenced by maintenance conditions and/or design options. From these considerations, functional and safety dimensions are determined later in this European Standard. 5.3.2.2 Security against derailment Security against derailment is considered to be managed by limiting the ratio of guiding force Y to actual wheel load Q. Y and Q are to be determined simultaneously. The limiting value depends on the friction coefficient µ and contact angle γA. This relation is given by Equation (1) or Equation (2). )tan(.1)tan(AAγµµγ+−=QY
(1) or, in another form: ()µγarctanarctan+=QYA
(2) From this law an admissible contact angle is given, by determining an acceptable Y/Q ratio and an assumed friction coefficient µ. This admissible contact angle determines the contact danger zone on the wheel, where no contact with track components may take place to eliminate the risk of wheel climbing. According to experiments (see ERRI C70 RP1) the contact angle γA shall be no smaller than 40°. This corresponds to a friction coefficient of 0,3 and Y/Q of 0,4. 5.3.2.3 Wheels in operation 5.3.2.3.1 Wheel profiles and wear As stated in EN 13232-3, the profiles of both new and worn wheels shall be considered. A typical new wheel profile, according to EN 13715 is given in Figure 7 for information.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 16 Due to wear in service, the flange shape will modify significantly, especially the angle of the outside flange face. Wheel wear is characterised by qR. See Figure 23. A minimum value of qR shall be fixed. Dimensions in millimetres
Key R wheel radius Figure 7 — Typical new wheel profile Dimensions in millimetres
Key R wheel radius Figure 8 — Typical worn wheel profile For operation on switches and crossings, no sharp edges or burrs may be tolerated in the transition zone between the active part of the wheel and the flange tip.
EN 13232-9:2006 (E) 17 5.3.2.3.2 Angle of attack The angle of attack is the sum of following angles (see Figure 9): skew Ψ1, due to the clearances present in axle boxes; skew Ψ2, due to the clearance of the wheel axles in the track; skew Ψ3, i.e. the angle formed by a curved track and the parallel wheel axles of car or a bogie; geometrical angle of the switch, in switches and crossings, determined at the point where the wheel makes contact with the switch toe.
Key Ψ1 skew due to clearances present in axle boxes Ψ2 skew due to clearance of the wheel axles in the track Ψ3 angle formed by a curved track and the parallel wheel axles of car or a bogie Figure 9 — Angle of attack 5.3.2.3.3 Apparent wheel profiles The contact point between rail and wheel can be determined by projection of the wheel onto a plane, perpendicular to the running plane. The projection of the wheel on this plane is called the apparent wheel profile.
EN 13232-
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