SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017
(Main)Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 lists terms and definitions relevant to quantum phenomena in nanotechnologies.
All of these terms are important for nanotechnologies, but it is to be noted that many of them are not exclusively relevant to the nanoscale and can also be used to some extent to refer to larger scales.
The list of terms presented does not claim to provide exhaustive coverage of the whole spectrum of quantum concepts and phenomena in nanotechnology. It covers important phenomena as acknowledged by many stakeholders from academia, industry, etc.
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 is intended to facilitate communication between organizations and individuals in industry and those who interact with them.
Nanotechnologien - Fachwörterverzeichnis - Teil 12: Quantenphänomene in der nanotechnologie (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 12: Phénomènes quantiques dans les nanotechnologies (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 donne une liste de termes et définitions applicables aux phénomènes quantiques dans le domaine des nanotechnologies.
Tous ces termes sont importants pour les nanotechnologies, mais il faut noter qu'un grand nombre d'entre eux ne s'appliquent pas exclusivement à l'échelle nanométrique et peuvent également être utilisés dans une certaine mesure pour se référer à des échelles plus grandes.
La liste des termes présentés ne prétend pas assurer une couverture exhaustive de l'ensemble des concepts et phénomènes quantiques dans le domaine des nanotechnologies. Elle couvre les phénomènes reconnus comme importants par de nombreuses parties prenantes issues du monde universitaire, de l'industrie, etc.
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 est destinée à faciliter la communication entre différents organismes et membres de l'industrie, et leurs interlocuteurs.
Nanotehnologija - Slovar - 12. del: Kvantni pojavi v nanotehnologiji (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 navaja pogoje in določila, ki so ustrezni za kvantne pojave v nanotehnologijah.
Vsi ti pogoji so pomembni za nanotehnologije, vendar je treba upoštevati, da številni od njih niso izključno ustrezni za nanomerilo in se lahko v določenem obsegu uporabljajo tudi za sklicevanje na večja merila.
Seznam predstavljenih pogojev ne pomeni izčrpne vključenosti celotnega spektra kvantnih konceptov in pojavov v nanotehnologiji. Zajema pomembne pojave, ki so jih potrdili številni deležniki na akademskem področju, industrijskem področju in drugih področjih.
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 je namenjen lažji komunikaciji med organizacijami in posamezniki v industriji ter osebami, ki stopajo v stike z njimi.
General Information
Standards Content (Sample)
SLOVENSKI STANDARD
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017
01-september-2017
Nanotehnologija - Slovar - 12. del: Kvantni pojavi v nanotehnologiji (ISO/TS 80004-
12:2016)
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology
(ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Nanotechnologien - Fachwörterverzeichnis - Teil 12: Quantenphänomene in der
nanotechnologie (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 12: Phénomènes quantiques dans les
nanotechnologies (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Ta slovenski standard je istoveten z: CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017
ICS:
01.040.07 Naravoslovne in uporabne Natural and applied sciences
vede (Slovarji) (Vocabularies)
07.120 Nanotehnologije Nanotechnologies
SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 en,fr,de
2003-01.Slovenski inštitut za standardizacijo. Razmnoževanje celote ali delov tega standarda ni dovoljeno.
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SIST-TS CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017
CEN ISO/TS 80004-12
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
SPÉCIFICATION TECHNIQUE
July 2017
TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION
ICS 07.120; 01.040.07
English Version
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulary - Part 12: Quantum
phenomena in nanotechnology (ISO/TS 80004-12:2016)
Nanotechnologies - Vocabulaire - Partie 12: Nanotechnologien - Fachwörterverzeichnis - Teil 12:
Phénomènes quantiques dans les nanotechnologies Quantenphänomene in der Nanotechnologie (ISO/TS
(ISO/TS 80004-12:2016) 80004-12:2016)
This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 19 June 2017 for provisional application.
The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to
submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.
CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS
available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in
parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia,
Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and United Kingdom.
EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
COMITÉ EUROPÉEN DE NORMALISATION
EUROPÄISCHES KOMITEE FÜR NORMUNG
CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
© 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 E
worldwide for CEN national Members.
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CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 (E)
Contents Page
European foreword . 3
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CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 (E)
European foreword
The text of ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229
“Nanotechnologies” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over
as CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 352 “Nanotechnologies” the secretariat
of which is held by AFNOR.
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the
following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia,
France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland,
Turkey and the United Kingdom.
Endorsement notice
The text of ISO/TS 80004-12:2016 has been approved by CEN as CEN ISO/TS 80004-12:2017 without
any modification.
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TECHNICAL ISO/TS
SPECIFICATION 80004-12
First edition
2016-03-15
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary —
Part 12:
Quantum phenomena in
nanotechnology
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulaire —
Partie 12: Phénomènes quantiques dans les nanotechnologies
Reference number
ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)
©
ISO 2016
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ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)
COPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT
© ISO 2016, Published in Switzerland
All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form
or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior
written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISO’s member body in the country of
the requester.
ISO copyright office
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CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, Switzerland
Tel. +41 22 749 01 11
Fax +41 22 749 09 47
copyright@iso.org
www.iso.org
ii © ISO 2016 – All rights reserved
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Contents Page
Foreword .iv
Introduction .v
1 Scope . 1
2 Terms describing (or related to) general quantum concepts . 1
3 Terms related to basic quantum effects . 3
4 Terms describing size-dependent quantum effects . 4
5 Terms related to structural organization . 5
6 Terms associated with quantum effects . 6
Annex A (informative) Some current terms in classical and quantum physics .8
Annex B (informative) Mapping between terms and some applications and products
in nanotechnologies . 9
Annex C (informative) Index .11
Bibliography .12
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ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out
through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical
committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International
organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of
electrotechnical standardization.
The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are
described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the
different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the
editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).
Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of
patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of
any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or
on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).
Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not
constitute an endorsement.
For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity
assessment, as well as information about ISO’s adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary information
ISO/TS 80004-12 was prepared jointly by Technical Committee ISO/TC 229, Nanotechnologies, and
Technical Committee IEC/TC 113, Nanotechnology standardization for electrical and electronic products
and systems. The draft was circulated for voting to the national bodies of both ISO and IEC.
ISO/TS 80004 consists of the following parts, under the general title Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary:
— Part 1: Core terms
— Part 2: Nano-objects
— Part 3: Carbon nano-objects
— Part 4: Nanostructured materials
— Part 5: Nano/bio interface
— Part 6: Nano-object characterization
— Part 7: Diagnostics and therapeutics for healthcare
— Part 8: Nanomanufacturing processes
— Part 12: Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology
The following parts are under preparation:
— Part 9: Nano-enabled electrotechnical products and systems
— Part 10: Nano-enabled photonic components and systems
— Part 11: Nanolayer, nanocoating, nanofilm and related terms
— Part 13: Graphene and other two dimensional materials
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Introduction
The unique properties of nano-objects and nanoscale-dependent quantum effects are important
aspects of nanotechnology.
As the size of materials decreases to the nanometre range, quantization effects (quantization of energy,
quantization of angular momentum, etc.) appear mainly due to the confinement of particles in one, two
or three space dimensions (quantum confinement). This leads to the emergence of new size-dependent
properties and functionalities which are completely described by quantum mechanics.
It is to be noted that the term “particle” used in this part of ISO/TS 80004 encompasses both the
classical and quantum standpoints. In its classical sense, a particle is a discrete portion of matter and
is therefore close to the term “particle” as defined in ISO/TS 80004-2 as a “minute piece of matter with
defined physical boundaries”. From the perspective of quantum, particles are objects obeying the laws
of quantum mechanics. The quantum description includes electrons, atoms, molecules, etc., referred
to as particles, and quasi-particles (excitons, phonons, plasmons, magnons, etc.) which are elementary
excitations or quanta of collective excitations in strongly interacting systems of particles.
Although quantum effects do not occur exclusively at the nanoscale, the relationship of nanotechnology
and quantum effects, or combinations thereof, is important for the identification of nano-enabled
products and for the development of nanotechnology.
With regard to the origin of terms, quantum effects terms are often associated with the names of those
who discovered them. As such, they are often the subject of controversy about precedence. In addition,
quantum phenomena and effects might have different names in different countries.
Nanotechnologies are rapidly evolving fields of technologies and advances in these fields are closely
linked to the understanding of quantum effects and phenomena. It is expected that more quantum
phenomena-related terms will be added in future revisions of the present document.
This part of ISO/TS 80004 promotes a common language for use by the nanotechnology industry and
interdisciplinary research in these areas, organizes features of nanotechnology and contributes to
cooperation in the field of nanotechnology and trade in the global market of nano-enabled products.
Some established terms and definitions of quantum mechanics have been gathered in Annex A in order
to facilitate the reading of this part of ISO/TS 80004.
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TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)
Nanotechnologies — Vocabulary —
Part 12:
Quantum phenomena in nanotechnology
1 Scope
This part of ISO/TS 80004 lists terms and definitions relevant to quantum phenomena in
nanotechnologies.
All of these terms are important for nanotechnologies, but it is to be noted that many of them are not
exclusively relevant to the nanoscale and can also be used to some extent to refer to larger scales.
The list of terms presented does not claim to provide exhaustive coverage of the whole spectrum of
quantum concepts and phenomena in nanotechnology. It covers important phenomena as acknowledged
by many stakeholders from academia, industry, etc.
This part of ISO/TS 80004 is intended to facilitate communication between organizations and
individuals in industry and those who interact with them.
2 Terms describing (or related to) general quantum concepts
2.1
de Broglie wavelength
wavelength of the wave associated with any particle which reflects its wave nature according to de
Broglie’s formula
Note 1 to entry: de Broglie’s formula is λ = h/p, where λ is the wavelength, h is the Planck’s constant and p is the
particle momentum.
2.2
quantization
process resulting in quantized physical quantities
2.3
quantized
having discrete values which are multiples of an elementary quantity
Note 1 to entry: The elementary quantity mentioned above is usually called a quantum of the physical quantity
in consideration.
2.4
quantum coherence
correlated evolution of wave function phase of a system in a quantum superposition (2.9)
Note 1 to entry: Quantum decoherence is the loss of quantum coherence.
2.5
quantum confinement
restriction of a particle’s motion in one, two or three space dimensions when the size of a physical
system is of the same order of magnitude as the particle’s de Broglie’s wavelength (2.1)
Note 1 to entry: The main characteristic lengths leading to quantum confinement may be their de Broglie
wavelength, their Fermi wavelength, their mean free path, their Bohr radius (for excitons) or their coherence length.
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ISO/TS 80004-12:2016(E)
Note 2 to entry: See Reference [2].
2.6
quantum entanglement
quantum mechanics phenomenon in which the quantum states of two or more particles are
interdependent
Note 1 to entry: Quantum states of entangled particles may be described as a whole and not in terms of individual
particles’ states.
Note 2 to entry: See References [3] and [5].
2.7
quantum interference
coherent superposition of wave functions (2.14) (quantum states) of a physical system
2.8
quantum number
number specifying one of the possible discrete values of physical quantities that characterize
quantum systems
Note 1 to entry: Some of the quantum numbers may characterize the spatial distribution of the particle wave
function.
Note 2 to entry: Some quantum numbers characterize only the “internal” state of the particle. For example, the
magnitude and direction of the spin, etc.
Note 3 to entry: A quantum state of an electron in an atom is usually described by the following four quantum
numbers: the principal quantum number, the azimuthal quantum number, the magnetic quantum number and
the spin quantum number.
Note 4 to entry: See References [3], [5], [6] and [7].
2.9
quantum superposition
linear superposition (or linear combination) of wave functions (2.14)
Note 1 to entry: The superposition principle states that any linear superposition (or linear combin
...
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